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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
nts of rails are sometimes made to act as fish-plates, to secure exact continuity to the abutting rails and support their ends. The long lips of the chair embrace the webs of each rail. They are or were made 15x18, 16x13, 14x 11, the length in the direction of the rail. Rails are bolted or keyed to the chairs, many devices of each kind having been introduced in this country and in Europe. Mr. Jessop of England first invented the rail-chair in 1789, and used it at Loughborough, in Leicestershire. The rail used by Mr. Jessop was a cast-iron rail, laid edgeways. The chair was cast-iron, and was slotted to receive the ends of the rails, which had a bearing therein. It was used in connection with a castiron, fish-bellied edge-rail which he introduced in the same year. He had previously pinned the rails direct to the sleepers. Railway-chairs. A chair for railway rails was patented by Loch and Stephenson in 1816. The rail to which it was first adapted was a fishbellied rail,
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
into England, is substantially similar to the elevated railways which were patented in England in 1825 by Palmer, Fisher, and Dick. See elevated Railway. An endless wire-rope is carried on a series of grooved pulleys, supported in pairs upon stout posts ordinarily about fifty yards, but in some cases at much farther intervals apart. At one end the rope passes around a clip drum, worked by a stationary engine; at the other end it passes around a plain cylinder. In one erected in Leicestershire, for conveying stone from the quarry to a railway station, a distance of three miles, the rope, 1/2 inch in diameter, is driven at the rate of four miles an hour by a 16 horse-power engine working with ten pounds of steam; this may be increased to five or six miles an hour. The boxes or carriages are about two feet long, one foot to eighteen inches wide, and six inches deep, their ordinary load being one cwt. They are not clamped to the rope, but adhere to it by friction; an upright st