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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 6 0 Browse Search
John Dimitry , A. M., Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 10.1, Louisiana (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 1 1 Browse Search
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lindrical perforations. This has since, under the name of prismatic powder by the Germans and Russians, and pebble powder by the English, been received with considerable favor. The use of sawdust, resin, bran, sand, ashes, wood shavings, is as old as the writings of Siemienowicz, 1651. He remarked, very truly, that they have the effect of making the powder burn more slowly. The practice has been again and again introduced, in Brazil about 1800; by Thurnagel in Germany; Thomassin and Leblanc in France; Firzoo in Russia. Dr. Gale has shown that by the addition of sand in certain proportions the powder is rendered nonexplosive. The white gun powder invented by Captain Schultze, of the Prussian army, is prepared by sawing suitable kinds of wood into thin slices transversely of the grain. These are then, by means of a manifold punch, cut into grains of a definite size and shape, which are chemically washed to remove calcareous and other non-woody matters, and then treated wi
o′da-fur′nace. A furnace for converting sulphate of soda, obtained by treating common salt with sulphuric acid, into the carbonate. This is effected by fusing the sulphate in combination with chalk and slaked lime or small coal,—according to Leblanc, 100 parts sulphate, 100 chalk, and 50 slaked lime,—but the proportions are varied. Soda-furnace. A (Fig. 5277) represents the rotary furnace used for the purpose. It consists of an iron cylinder a lined with fire-clay and having an openhaley. NiagaraNiagaraNiagara River821.4751848Roebling. CliftonAvonSomersetshire, England7021864 Charing CrossThamesLondon, England676.5501845I. K. Brunel. DanubePesth666451850Clarke. La Roche BernardVilaineLa Roche Bernard, France650.4501846Leblanc. NashvilleCumberlandNashville, Tenn650Foster. MenaiMenai StraitsWales570431826Telford. UnionTweedGreat Britain449301820Sir S. Brown. MontroseEsteScotland432421829Sir. S. Brown. HammersmithThamesLondon, England422.2529.51824Tierney Clarke.