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Roger Williams (search for this): chapter 8
day. Communities, like individuals, furnish virtues piecemeal. Roger Williams, with all his wise toleration, bequeathed to Rhode Island no suuence was in the relation of the ministers to the Indian wars. Roger Williams, even when banished and powerless, could keep the peace with thnalty bore the appellations of Goodman and Goodwife, and one of Roger Williams's offences was his wishing to limit these terms to those who gaf such submission, in those times. But Governor Endicott and Rev. Mr. Williams resisted stoutly, quoting Paul, as usual in such cases; so Pato find it again at some village in Rhode Island. Thither went Roger Williams and his Baptists; thither went Quakers and Ranters; thither wenem has left on record a statement so broad and noble as that of Roger Williams: To be content with food and raiment,--to mind not our own, but blasphemy against the Christian religion. And yet the mind of Roger Williams was impulsive, erratic, and unstable, compared with theirs; and
Cranch (search for this): chapter 8
specimen of funeral sermon in immortal verse-- On Sabbath day he went his way, As he was used to do, God's house unto, that they might know What he had for to show; God's holy will he must fulfil, For it was his desire For to declare a sermon rare Concerning Madam Fryer. The practice of wedding discourses was handed down into the last century, and sometimes beguiled the persons concerned into rather startling levities. For instance, when Parson Smith's daughter Mary was to marry young Mr. Cranch, (what graceful productions of pen and pencil have come to this generation from the posterity of that union!) the father permitted the saintly maiden to decide on her own text for the sermon, and she meekly selected, Mary hath chosen the better part, which shall not be taken away from her, and the discourse was duly pronounced. But when her wild young sister Abby was bent on marrying a certain Squire Adams, called John, whom her father disliked and would not even invite to dinner, she bol
John Wilson (search for this): chapter 8
he lead at town-meetings. At the exciting gubernatorial election in 1637, Rev. John Wilson, minister of the First Church in Boston, not satisfied with-taking the stued her on the scaffold, and covered her face with a handkerchief which the Reverend Mr. Wilson lent the hangman; and when they heard that she was reprieved, she woulould suffer with her brethren. And suffer death she did, at last, and the Reverend Mr. Wilson made a pious ballad on her execution. It is no wonder, if some persttle English verses on the death of some beloved child. That identical Priest Wilson, who made the ballad at Mary Dyer's execution, attended a military muster one d: here's a mighty body of people, and there's not seven of them all but loves Mr. Wilson. Sir, it was replied, I'll tell you as good a thing: here's a mighty body of people, and there's not one of them all but Mr. Wilson loves him. Mr. Cotton was a terror to evil-doers, yet, when a company of men came along from a tavern and sai
Woodbridge (search for this): chapter 8
metimes designated as Sir Paul, Sir Peter, and Sir James. In coming to the private affairs of the Puritan divines, it is humiliating to find that anxieties about salary are of no modern origin. The highest compensation I can find recorded is that of John Higginson in 1671, who had £ 160 voted him in country produce, which he was glad, however, to exchange for £ 120 in solid cash. Solid cash included beaver-skins, black and white wampum, beads, and musket-balls, value one farthing. Mr. Woodbridge in Newbury at this same time had £ 60, and Mr. Epes preached in Salem for twenty shillings a Sunday, half in money and half in provisions. Holy Mr. Cotton used to say that nothing was cheap in New England but milk and ministers. Down to 1700, Increase Mather says, most salaries were less than £ 100, which he thinks might account for the scanty harvests enjoyed by our farmers. He and his son Cotton both tell the story of a town where two very eminent ministers were only allowed £ 30 pe
Fryer (search for this): chapter 8
habit of. eating salt fish on Saturday is supposed to have been the fact that Roman Catholics eat it on Friday. But if there were no prayers said on these occasions, there were sermons. Mr. John Calf, of Newbury, described one specimen of funeral sermon in immortal verse-- On Sabbath day he went his way, As he was used to do, God's house unto, that they might know What he had for to show; God's holy will he must fulfil, For it was his desire For to declare a sermon rare Concerning Madam Fryer. The practice of wedding discourses was handed down into the last century, and sometimes beguiled the persons concerned into rather startling levities. For instance, when Parson Smith's daughter Mary was to marry young Mr. Cranch, (what graceful productions of pen and pencil have come to this generation from the posterity of that union!) the father permitted the saintly maiden to decide on her own text for the sermon, and she meekly selected, Mary hath chosen the better part, which shall
Nicholas Phelps (search for this): chapter 8
high, with this inscription in capitals, A Wanton Gospeller. Nor this alone, but.the law stands by the minister's doctrine even out of the meeting-house. It is but a few days since Nathaniel Hadlock was sentenced to be severely whipped for declaring that lie could receive no profit from Mr. H--'s preaching,--since Thomas Maule was mauled to the extent of ten stripes for declaring that Mr. H --preached lies, and that his instruction was the doctrine of devils,--since even the wife of Nicholas Phelps was sentenced to pay five pounds or be whipped, for asserting that this same Mr. H-- sent abroad his wolves and bloodhounds among the sheep and lambs. Truly, it is a perilous thing to attend public worship in such reverential days. However, it is equally dangerous to stay at home; there are tithing-men to look after the absentees, and any one unnecessarily absent must pay five shillings. He may be put in the stocks or in the wooden cage, if delinquent for a month together But we mu
Josiah Plastow (search for this): chapter 8
rs for a long time. Titles were carefully adjusted in those days. The commonalty bore the appellations of Goodman and Goodwife, and one of Roger Williams's offences was his wishing to limit these terms to those who gave some signs of deserving them. The name Mr. was allowed to those who had taken the degree of Master of Arts at College, and also to professional men, eminent merchants, military officers, and mates of vessels, and their wives and daughters monopolized the epithet Mrs. Mr. Josiah Plastow, when he had stolen four baskets of corn from the Indians, was degraded into plain Josiah. Mr. seems to have meant simply My Sir, and the clergy were often called Sir merely, a title given also to college graduates, on Commencement programmes, down to the time of the Revolution. And so strong was the Puritan dislike to the idolatry of saints' names, that the Christian Apostles were sometimes designated as Sir Paul, Sir Peter, and Sir James. In coming to the private affairs of the
Mather Byles (search for this): chapter 8
authority over his pulpit. He may pray his hour, unpausing, and no one thinks it long; for, indeed, at prayer-meetings four persons will sometimes pray an hour each,--one with confession, one with private petitions, a third with petitions for church and kingdom, and a fourth with thanksgiving,,--each theme being conscientiously treated by itself. Then he may preach his hour, and, turning his hour-glass, may say,--but that he cannot foresee the levity to be born in a later century with Mather Byles,--Now, my hearers, we will take another glass. In short, this is the pomp and circumstance of glorious preaching. Woe to any one who shall disturb its proprieties! It is written in the statute, If any one interrupt or oppose a preacher in season of worship, they shall be reproved by the magistrate, and on repetition shall pay £ 5, or stand two hours on a block four feet high, with this inscription in capitals, A Wanton Gospeller. Nor this alone, but.the law stands by the minister's
Abraham Tyler (search for this): chapter 8
act of worship. In which settlement of the Massachusetts Colony is the great ceremonial to pass before our eyes? If it be Cambridge village, the warning drum is beating its peaceful summons to the congregation. If it be Salem village, a bell is sounding its more ecclesiastic peal, and a red flag is simultaneously hung forth from the meeting-house, like the auction-flag of later periods, but offering in this case goods without money and beyond price. If it be Haverhill village, then Abraham Tyler has been blowing his horn assiduously for half an hour, a service for which Abraham, each year, receives a half-pound of pork from every family in town. Be it drum, bell, or horn, that gives the summons, we will draw near to this important building, the centre of the village, the one public edifice,--meeting-house, townhouse, school-house, watch-house, all in one. So important is it, that no one can legally dwell more than a half-mile from it. And yet the people ride to meeting, shor
George Keith (search for this): chapter 8
sitting there with their hats on, groaning and rocking to and fro, in spite of elders, deacons, and tithingnen: these were the vagaries of the more fanatical Quakers, though always repudiated by the main body. The Puritans found themselves reproached with permitting these things, and so took refuge in outrageous persecutions, which doubled them. Indeed, the Quakers themselves began to persecute, on no greater provocation, in Philadelphia, thirty years afterwards,playing over again upon George Keith and his followers the same deluded policy of fines and imprisonment from which they had just escaped;--as minorities have persecuted smaller minorities ever since intolerance began. Indeed, so far as mere language welt, the minority did their full share. Grave divines did not like to be pelted with such epithet as these: Thou fiery fighter and green-headed trumpeter! thou hedgehog and grinning dog! thou mole! thou tinker! thou lizard! thou bell of no metal but the tone of a kett
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