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Gloucester Point (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
ate left was formed by the fort at Yorktown, the water batteries of which, with the guns at Gloucester Point, on the opposite bank of the York, barred the passage of that river; the right, by the worke to say, that Commodore Goldsborough proffered the co-operation of a naval force, provided Gloucester Point should be first turned by the army. Report on the Conduct of the War, p. 632. The second project was to land a heavy force in the rear of Gloucester Point, turning Yorktown by that method, and opening up the York River. This task he had assigned to McDowell's corps, which was to be thy be no question as to the merits of the proposed movement by which it was designed to turn Gloucester Point and open up the York River; and the verdict will be equally clear as to the ill-judged polithan half this force, however, was on garrison duty. I was compelled, says he, to place in Gloucester Point, Yorktown, and Mulberry Island, fixed garrisons, amounting to six thousand men. So that it
Glendale, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
, which, with the right, had remained comparatively firm. An advance by Kearney and Hooker now regained a portion of the lost ground, and repulsed all further attacks. Darkness coming on, ended the action. While these events were passing at Glendale, Jackson, detained by the vigorous opposition he met on the other side of White Oak Swamp, could only hear the tell-tale guns: he was impotent to help. A heavy cannonading in front announced the engagement of General Longstreet at Frazier's far the Army of Northern Virginia, vol. i., p. 134. Thus it was that McClellan, holding paralyzed, as it were, the powerful corps of Jackson with his right hand, with his left was free to deal blows at the force menacing his flanks. The action at Glendale insured the integrity of the army, imperilled till that hour. During the night the troops that had checked Jackson and repulsed Longstreet silently withdrew, and when Lee was next able to strike it was at a united army, strongly posted on the h
Warwick (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
of April the advance of each Sketch of the lines of Yorktown. column was brought to a halt—the right in front of Yorktown and the left by the enemy's works at Lee's Mill. These obstructions formed part of the general defensive line of the Warwick River, which General Magruder had taken up, and which stretched across the isthmus from the York to the James, an extent of thirteen and a half miles. The Confederate left was formed by the fort at Yorktown, the water batteries of which, with the guns at Gloucester Point, on the opposite bank of the York, barred the passage of that river; the right, by the works on Mulberry Island, which were prolonged to the James. Warwick River, running nearly across the Peninsula from river to river, and emptying into the James, heads within a mile of Yorktown. Its sources were commanded by the guns of that fort, and its fords had been destroyed by dams defended by detached redoubts, the approaches to which were through dense forests and swamps. Ve
Charles City (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
positions for the attack as early as noon of that day: These reconnoissances (of Hill's brigade commanders) satisfied me that the enemy was not in force on the Charles City road, but was on the Williamsburg road, and that he had fortified himself about the Seven Pines. The fact was further established, that the whole of Keyes' cof the White Oak Swamp. In this state of facts, Johnston made the following dispositions for attack: Hill (D. H.), who had been covering the Williamsburg and Charles City road, was directed to move his division, supported by the division of Longstreet, out on the Williamsburg road, but not to move till Huger's division, which was to move out on the Charles City road, should relieve him. Huger's duty was to strike the left flank of the Union force which Hill and Longstreet should engage in front. G. W. Smith, with his division, was to advance on the right flank of the Union force, to the junction of the New Bridge road with theNine-mile road, there to be
Shipping Point, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
ter-charge on the handful of Union troops, who were driven across the creek, after holding the rifle-pits for an hour, entirely unsupported. Many were killed and wounded in recrossing the stream. Magruder's Official Report: Confederate Reports of Battles, p. 515. No subsequent attempt was made to break the Confederate line. It now remained to undertake the siege of the uninvested fortifications of Yorktown,—a task to which the army at once settled down. Depots were established at Shipping Point, to which place supplies were brought direct by water; and indeed it was necessary to avoid land transportation as much as possible,—the roads being so few and so bad as to necessitate the construction of an immense amount of corduroy highway. The first parallel was opened at about a mile from Yorktown; and under its protection, batteries were established almost simultaneously along the whole front, extending from York River on the right to the Warwick on the left, along a cord of about
York (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
und itself planted, is an isthmus formed by the York and the James rivers, which rising in the heartme places marshy, and generally wooded. The York River is formed by the confluence of the Mattaponye the fort at Yorktown, thus opening up the York River, and, by means of his numerous fleet of tranediately upon West Point, at the head of the York River, thus turning the line of defences on the Wa Yorktown by that method, and opening up the York River. This task he had assigned to McDowell's coeously along the whole front, extending from York River on the right to the Warwick on the left, aloned to turn Gloucester Point and open up the York River; and the verdict will be equally clear as tothe approaching heads of two tributaries of the York and James rivers form a kind of narrow isthmus right, which brought him within sight of the York River, Hancock passed Cub Dam Creek on an old mill north side of the Chickahominy, towards the York River, laying hold of McClellan's communications w[3 more...]
White Oak Swamp (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
he left, were thrown back by the enemy on White Oak Swamp, only regaining the main body under coverine of retreat to the James passes across White Oak Swamp, and the difficulty of the passage for th been holding a position on the margin of White Oak Swamp, naturally took the advance, and, traverseintzelman fell back entirely and crossed White Oak Swamp. Thus, when Magruder pushed forward on tnight, the rearguard also withdrew across White Oak Swamp. By orders from General McClellan, Sumrmy, with all its belongings, had crossed White Oak Swamp, and debouched into the region looking ouhe heels of the retreating army by way of White Oak Swamp; while Longstreet, with a like force, makn, however, as Jackson should emerge from White Oak Swamp, he would come in immediate communicationAt the very time Jackson was arrested at White Oak Swamp, Longstreet had arrived within a mile of us opposition he met on the other side of White Oak Swamp, could only hear the tell-tale guns: he w
Louisiana (Louisiana, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
of the Federal line. Hill, accordingly, attacked alone; but he gained no advantage, for after piercing the line at one point, he was repulsed and forced to yield ground, his troops being driven back in great disorder and with heavy loss. Even a stronger statement than that above made would be justified by the Confederate official reports. Thus General Whiting says: Men were leaving the field in every direction and in great disorder; two regiments, one from South Carolina and one from Louisiana, were actually marching back from the fire. Men were skulking from the front in a shameful manner. Reports of the Army of Northern Virginia, vol. i., p. 154. General Lee explains this by the statement that most of these men had never been under fire till the day before. (Ibid., p. 8.) This furnishes an additional proof that Lee had been re-enforced by troops from the coast. To relieve Hill, the Confederate commander now ordered Longstreet, who held the right of the Confederate line, t
Front Royal (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
formed a junction with Ewell. Instead of marching direct on Strasburg, however, Jackson diverged on a line to the eastward by way of Luray Valley, and moved on Front Royal, with the view of cutting off Banks' retreat from Strasburg, interposing between him and reenforcements, and compelling his surrender. The 23d he entered FrontFront Royal, capturing the garrison of seven hundred men there under Colonel Kenly; and thence he moved to Middletown by a road to the right of the main Valley road, hoping there to cut off Banks. But the latter was too quick for him: so that when he reached Middletown, he struck only the rear of the retreating Union column. Banks, wihe war. In vain he pointed out that it was impossible for him either to succor Banks or co-operate with Fremont; that his line of advance from Fredericksburg to Front Royal was much longer than the enemy's line of retreat; that it would take him a week or ten days to reach the Valley, and that by this time the occasion for his serv
Boulogne (France) (search for this): chapter 4
nd all its immense material by water, and plant it down on a new theatre of operations near two hundred miles distant, is an enterprise the details of which must be studied ere its colossal magnitude can be adequately apprehended. Perhaps the best light in which such an operation may be read is furnished in Napoleon's elaborate Notes on his intended invasion of Great Britain in 1805, when he proposed to transport an army of one hundred and fifty thousand men in four thousand vessels from Boulogne to the English coast. As a military operation, there is, of course, no comparison to be made, because the Army of the Potomac had at Fortress Monroe an assured base in advance. It is simply as a material enterprise that there is a similarity. These notes are given in the collection of Memoirs dictated to Montholon and Gourgaud (Historical Miscellanies, vol. II., pp. 373, et seq.) It was an undertaking eminently characteristic of the American genius, and of a people distinguished above a
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