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2nd (search for this): chapter 8
g one-half in front of the river to fight, and sending the other behind it, to bivouac some two miles in rear. General Pemberton received four orders from me during this campaign. The first, See page 170. dated May 1st, and repeated on the 2d, directed him to attack the Federal army with all his forces united for the purpose. The second, See page 176. dated May 13th, is that by which he professes to have been instigated to the movement which entangled him with Federal skirmishers ow, I directed Lieutenant-General Pemberton to attack the enemy with all his force, as soon as I was informed, by his dispatch of May 1st, that Major-General Bowen had been attacked by a large body of Federal troops. This order was repeated on the 2d, only to be disregarded. Advantageous opportunities to engage the Federal army were offered continually, until the investment of Vicksburg; for, until then, that army had been united but three or four of the twenty days elapsed since it began to c
5th (search for this): chapter 8
, and to present the case fairly by giving both letters. Richmond, July 15, 1863. General: I. Your dispatch of the 5th instant, stating that you considered your assignment to the immediate command in Mississippi as giving you a new position a force is far too small for the purpose; tell me if you can increase it and how much. XII. To which he answered on the 5th: I regret inability to promise more troops, as we have drained resources even to the danger of several points. You know bve not considered yourself commanding in Tennessee since assignment here (i. e., in Mississippi). Your dispatch of the 5th instant is again a substantial repetition of the same statement, without a word of reason to justify it. You say, I considereg demand for attention, and its examination would have been postponed to a future period, had not your dispatch of the 5th instant, with its persistent repetition of statements which I had informed you were erroneous, and without adducing a single f
6th (search for this): chapter 8
nd then returning from furlough. He fixed his headquarters at Enterprise, where Hebert's and Baldwin's brigades had been ordered to assemble. Being summoned by the judge-advocate, Major Barton, to attend the court of inquiry, to be held in Atlanta, in relation to the loss of Vicksburg and Port Hudson, I set out for that place in the evening of the 2d of September, but stopped in Montgomery in consequence of intelligence received there that its time of meeting had been postponed. On the 6th, while still there, I received a dispatch from General Bragg, asking that a division of infantry might be hurried to Atlanta, to save that depot and give him time to defeat the enemy's plans. Lieutenant-General Hardee was immediately requested to send Gregg's and McNair's brigades from Meridian and Enterprise to Atlanta, and to replace them at those points by Featherston's and Adams's. This movement was begun the following night. When it became evident that Atlanta was in no danger, the two
7th (search for this): chapter 8
berton was most threatened, a powerful army having forced the passage of the Mississippi and beaten back his advanced troops, I thought it more advisable to draw troops from Mississippi to reenforce Bragg than to send troops from the latter to Pemberton. But my sending back the division of infantry, employing a division of Bragg's cavalry to aid Pemberton in April, transferring a large brigade of cavalry into Mississippi on the 5th of May, and applying for reinforcements for Pemberton on the 7th, suggesting that the withdrawal of Foster's troops might enable Beauregard to furnish them, prove the contrary. In paragraph XXI.,your Excellency refers to the constant desire shown in my correspondence, beginning early in January, that you should change the order placing Tennessee and Mississippi in one command under my direction. That desire was founded on the belief that the arrangement was not in accordance with military principles, which require that every army should have its own
8th (search for this): chapter 8
ould have been made to me, General Pemberton's commander, during the operations to which it related, and requested that it should be transmitted to me. No reply was received. After waiting until the 6th of October, I repeated the request. On the 8th, the War Department promised that, as soon as the reports and sub-reports could be copied, I should be furnished. As these papers, when published, made a hundred and seventy-five large, closely-printed pages, the copy promised was not received untement which you were informed was a grave error, and being persisted in after your failure to point out, when requested, the letter or dispatch justifying you in such a conclusion, rendered it necessary, as you were informed in my dispatch of 8th instant, that I should make a more extended reply than could be given in a telegram. That there may be no possible room for further mistake in the matter, I am compelled to recapitulate the substance of all orders and instructions given to you, so fa
9th (search for this): chapter 8
try and a body of cavalry, drove our cavalry rear-guard through Brandon on the 19th, and returned to Jackson on the 20th. The object of the expedition seemed to be the destruction of the railroad-bridges and depot, to which the outrage of setting fire to the little town, and burning the greater part of it, was added. On the 12th I received from Colonel J. L. Logan, commanding a small brigade of cavalry in the southern part of the State, intelligence of the surrender of Port Hudson on the 9th. This report was confirmed by Major Jackson, General Gardner's adjutant-general, who stated that the stock of provisions was exhausted, and but twenty-five hundred of the garrison were fit for duty at the time of surrender. Federal forces advanced against Yazoo City, both by land and water, on the 13th. The attack by the gunboats was handsomely repulsed by the heavy battery, under the direction of Commander J. N. Brown, Confederate States Navy. The De Kalb, the flag-ship of the United
10th (search for this): chapter 8
rected to observe and guard the fords of Pearl River above and below the town with his cavalry. Instead of attacking as soon as it came up, as we had been hoping, the Federal army intrenched itself, and began to construct batteries. On the 10th there was spirited skirmishing, with a light cannonade, continuous throughout the day. This was kept up, with varying intensity and but little interruption, until the period of our evacuation. Hills within easy cannon-range, commanding and encircl Bragg to send troops from his army to Mississippi, my error would have been corrected then; but it was not sent to me, and I have its evidence for the first time in your letter. The dispatch of the Secretary of War, of June 8th, received on the 10th, removed my misapprehension. III. In regard to the repetition and persistence which you impute to me in the first sentence of your letter, I cannot feel that my three brief telegrams, dictated by the respect due from me to you, deserve to be
11th (search for this): chapter 8
annonade, continuous throughout the day. This was kept up, with varying intensity and but little interruption, until the period of our evacuation. Hills within easy cannon-range, commanding and encircling the town, offered very favorable sites for Federal batteries. A cross-fire of shot and shell reached all parts of the town, showing that the position would be untenable under the fire of a powerful artillery. Such, as it was ascertained, was soon to be brought to bear upon it. On the 11th, I described to the President, by telegraph, the weakness of the position, and the defects of the intrenched line; and explained that want of supplies, which we had been unable to collect, made it impossible to stand a siege; and therefore, unless the enemy should attack us, we must at the last moment abandon the place; for we could not make a serious attack without exposing ourselves to destruction. Brisk skirmishing was continued until night. On the 12th, besides the usual skirmishing,
12th (search for this): chapter 8
thout exposing ourselves to destruction. Brisk skirmishing was continued until night. On the 12th, besides the usual skirmishing, there was increased fire of artillery, especially by batteries neage of setting fire to the little town, and burning the greater part of it, was added. On the 12th I received from Colonel J. L. Logan, commanding a small brigade of cavalry in the southern part oe 170.) or, having failed to seize those opportunities, by falling upon McClernand's corps on the 12th, General Grant's report. when it was between Fourteen-mile Creek and his camp, near Edwards's Dd, no observation was made on them till the receipt of your telegram to the Secretary, of the 12th instant, stating: I have not considered myself commanding in Tennessee since assignment here, and shn of the enemy were killed, but the number of their wounded could not b1e ascertained. On the 12th, at Byhalia, he reported that, after tearing up the rails of the Memphis & Charleston road in fo
13th (search for this): chapter 8
ed prisoners, the same number killed, many wounded, and the colors of the Twenty-eighth, Forty-first, and Fifty-third Illinois regiments. The attacking troops did not advance far enough to be exposed to the fire of Breckenridge's line. On the 13th the Federal lines had been so extended that both flanks rested upon Pearl River. Colonel C. A. Fuller, of Lieutenant-General Pemberton's staff, arrived from Vicksburg, and informed us of the terms of the capitulation. The garrison was paroled anrdner's adjutant-general, who stated that the stock of provisions was exhausted, and but twenty-five hundred of the garrison were fit for duty at the time of surrender. Federal forces advanced against Yazoo City, both by land and water, on the 13th. The attack by the gunboats was handsomely repulsed by the heavy battery, under the direction of Commander J. N. Brown, Confederate States Navy. The De Kalb, the flag-ship of the United States squadron, an ironclad, carrying thirteen guns, was s
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