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Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 22. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones) 23 23 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 7, 4th edition. 22 22 Browse Search
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 2. 22 22 Browse Search
Hon. J. L. M. Curry , LL.D., William Robertson Garrett , A. M. , Ph.D., Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 1.1, Legal Justification of the South in secession, The South as a factor in the territorial expansion of the United States (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 21 21 Browse Search
Mary Thacher Higginson, Thomas Wentworth Higginson: the story of his life 20 20 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Massachusetts in the Army and Navy during the war of 1861-1865, vol. 2 20 20 Browse Search
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3. 20 20 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition. 19 19 Browse Search
Maj. Jed. Hotchkiss, Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 3, Virginia (ed. Clement Anselm Evans) 19 19 Browse Search
Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America. Vol. 2. (ed. Henry Coppee , LL.D.) 19 19 Browse Search
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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
whose cause was pleaded by Herod (J. AJ 16.2), and then proceeded to Rome, where he arrived in B. C. 13. After his tribunician power had been prolonged for five years, he went to Pannonia to restore tranquillity to that province. He returned in B. C. 12, after having been successful as usual, and retired to Campania. There he died unexpectedly, in the month of March, B. C. 12, in his 51st year. His body was carried to Rome, and was buried in the mausoleum of Augustus, who himself pronounced a B. C. 12, in his 51st year. His body was carried to Rome, and was buried in the mausoleum of Augustus, who himself pronounced a funeral oration over it. Dio Cassius tells us (52.1, &c.), that in the year B. C. 29 Augustus assembled his friends and counsellors Agrippa and Maecenas, demanding opinion as to whether it would be advisable for him to usurp monarchical power, or to restore to the nation its former republican government. This is corroborated by Suetonius (Octav. 28), who says that Augustus twice deliberated upon that subject. The speeches which Agrippa and Maecenas delivered on this occasion are given by Dio C
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Agrippi'na I. 1. the youngest daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrippa and of Julia, the daughter of Augustus, was born some time before B. C. 12. She married Caesar Germanicus, the son of Drusus Nero Germanicus, by whom she had nine children. Agrippina was gifted with great powers of mind, a noble character, and all the moral and physical qualities that constituted the model of a Roman matron : her love for her husband was sincere and lasting, her chastity was spotless, her fertility was a virtue in the eyes of the Romans, and her attachment to her children was an eminent feature of her character. She yielded to one dangerous passion, ambition. Augustus shewed her particular attention and attachment. (Sueton. Calig. 8.) At the death of Augustus in A. D. 14, she was on the Lower Rhine with Germanicus, who com manded the legions there. Her husband was the idol of the army, and the legions on the Rhine, dissatisfied with the accession of Tiberius, manifested their intention of proclaiming Ger
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Augustus (search)
by the senate, he accepted the imperium proconsulare and the tribunitia potestas for life, by which his inviolability was legally established, while by the imperium proconsulare he became the highest authority in all the Roman provinces. When in B. C. 12 Lepidus, the pontifex maximus, died, Augustus, on whom the title of chief pontiff had been conferred on a former occasion, entered upon the office itself. Thus he became the high priest of the state, and obtained the highest influence over all tnot return till Marcellus had died in the flower of his life. Julia was now compelled by her father to marry the aged Agrippa, and her sons, Caius and Lucius Caesar, were raised to the dignity of principes juventutis. At the death of Agrippa, in B. C. 12, Tiberius was obliged to divorce his wife, Vipsania, and, contrary to his own will, to marry Julia. Dissatisfied with her conduct and the elevation of her sons, he went, in B. C. 6, to Rhodes, where he spent eight years, to avoid living with Jul
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Barba'tus (search)
Barba'tus the name of a family of the Horatia gens. Barbatus was also a surname of P. Cornelius Scipio, consul in B. C. 328 [SCIPIO], of the Quinctii Capitolini [CAPITOLINUS], and of M. Valerius Messalla, consul in B. C. 12. [MESSALLA.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Drusus (search)
fin.; Florus, 4.12.) These exploits of the young step-sons of Augustus are the theme of a spirited ode of Horace. (Carm. 4.4, ib. 14.) On the return of Augustus to Rome from Gaul, ill B. C. 13, Drusus was sent into that province, which had been driven into revolt by the exaction of the Roman governor, Licinius, who, in order to increase the amount of the monthly tribute, had divided the year into fourteen months. Drusus made a new assessment of property for the purpose of taxation, and in B. C. 12 quelled the tumults which had been occasioned by his financial measures. (Liv. Epit. cxxxvi. cxxxvii.) The Sicambri and their allies, under pretence of attending an annual festival held at Lyons at the altar of Augustus, had fomented the disaffection of the Gallic chieftains. In the tumults which ensued, their troops had crossed the Rhine. Drusus now drove them back into the Batavian island, and pursued them in their own territory, laying waste the greater part of their country. He then fol
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ju'lia (search)
. C. 25, M. Marcellus, her first cousin, the son of Octavia (D. C. 53.27), and, after his death, B. C. 23, without issue, M. Vipsanius Agrippa [AGRIPPA, M. VIPSANIUS] (D. C. 53.30, 54.6; Plut. Ant. 87; Suet. Aug. 63), by whom she had three sons, C. and L. Caesar, and Agrippa Postumus, and two daughters, Julia and Agrippina. She accompanied Agrippa to Asia Minor in B. C. 17, and narrowly escaped drowning in the Scamander. (Nic. Dam. p. 225, ed. Coray.; J. AJ 16.2.2.) After Agrippa's death in B. C. 12, Augustus meditated taking a husband for his daughter from the equestrian order, and C. Proculeius was at the time thought likely to have been preferred by him. (Tac. Ann. 4.39, 40; Suet. Aug. 63; Plin. Nat. 7.45; D. C. 54.3; Hor. Carm. 2.2, 5.) According, indeed, to one account (Suet. l.c.; D. C. 48.54, 51.15; Suet. l. c.), he had actually betrothed her to a son of M. Antony, and to Cotiso, a king of the Getae [COTISO]; but his choice at length fell on Tiberius Nero, who was afterwards Cae
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Li'vius (search)
es a very different view of this matter. He is confident that Livy did not begin his labours until he had attained age of fifty (B. C. 9), and that he had not fully accomplished his design at the close of his life. He builds chiefly upon a passage in 9.36, where it is said that the Ciminian wood was in these days as impenetrable "quam nuper fuere Germanici saltus," words which, it is urged, could not have been used before the forests of Germany had been opened up by the campaigns of Drusus (B. C. 12-9); and upon another in 4.20, where, after it is recorded that Augustus had repaired the shrine of Jupiter Feretrius, he is termed " templorum omnium conditorem aut restitutorem," a description which could not have been applied to him in an early part of his career. Now, without insisting that casual remarks such as these might have been introduced during a revision of the text, it must be evident that the remarks themselves are much too vague to serve as the basis of a chronological theory
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Messalla (search)
Messalla 10. M. Valerius Messalla Barbatus, M. F. M. N., with the agnomen APPIANUS, was consul in B. C. 12, and died in his year of office. He was the father (or grandfather) of the empress Messallina [MESSALLINA, No. 1]; and Suetonius (Suet. Cl. 26) calls him cousin of the emperor Claudius I. Strictly speaking, however, he was cousin only by marriage; and there is some difference of opinion as to the name of his wife. Lipsius (ad Tac. Ann. 11.37) and Perizonius (Ep. ad N. Heins. Collect. Burmann. iv. pp. 801-802) make Messalla to have married Domitia Lepida, daughter of Antonia major, and granddaughter of M. Antony and Octavia. Claudius, son of Antonia minor, was therefore Domitia Lepida's first cousin, but Messalla's cousin only by marriage. The following stemma will show their respective relationship:-- Ryckius (ad loc. Tao.), on the other hand, and Brotier (Tac. Supplem. Stemm. Caes.), make two Messallae Barbati, father and son, of whom the elder married Marcella major, daugh
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Quiri'nus, P. Sulpi'cius 2. Consul B. C. 12 with M. Valerius Messalla. It would appear from his name that he was the son of the preceding; but the language of Tacitus (Tac. Ann. 3.48) implies that he was of obscure origin. This historian relates that he was a native of Lanuvium, and had no connection with the ancient Sulpicia gens; and that it was owing to his military abilities and active services that he gained the consulship under Augustus. He was subsequently sent into Cilicia, where he subdued the Homonadenses, a fierce people dwelling in Mount Taurus ; and in consequence of this success, he received the honour of the triumphal ornaments. In B. C. 1, or a year or two afterwards, Augustus appointed him to direct the counsels of his grandson C. Caesar, then in Armenia; and on his way to the East he paid a visit to Tiberius, who was at that time living at Rhodes. Some years afterwards, but not before A. D. 5, he was appointed governor of Syria, and while in this office he took a cen
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Re'bilus (search)
Re'bilus 5. C. Caninius Rebilus, probably a son of No. 3, was consul suffectus in B. C. 12 (J. AJ 14.10.20). In the Fasti Capitolini he is said to have died in his year of office, and could not therefore have been the man of consular rank mentioned by Seneca (de Benef. 2.21), according to the supposition of Drumann.
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