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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ing to his skill. On his return to Rome in B. C. 30, Octavianus, now Augustus, rewarded him with a " vexillum caeruleum," or sea-green flag. In B. C. 28, Agrippa became consul for the second time with Augustus, and about this time married Marcella, the niece of Augustus, and the daughter of his sister Octavia. His former wife, Pomponia, the daughter of T. Pomponins Atticus, was either dead or divorced. In the following year, B. C. 27, he was again consul the third time with Augustus. In B. C. 25, Agrippa accompanied Augustus to the war against the Cantabrians. About this time jealousy arose between him and his brother-in-law Marcellus, the nephew of Augustus, and who seemed to be destined as his successor. Augustus, anxious to prevent differences that might have had serious consequences for him, sent Agrippa as proconsul to Syria. Agrippa of course left Rome, but he stopped at Mitylene in the island of Lesbos, leaving the government of Syria to his legate. The apprehensions of Augu
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
T. Cari'sius defeated the Astures in Spain, and took their chief town, Lancia, about B. C. 25; but in consequence of the cruelty and insolence of Carisius, the Astures took up arms again in B. C. 22. (Florus, 4.12.55, &c.; Oros. 6.21; D. C. 53.25, 54.5.) There are several coins bearing the name of Carisius upon them, two specimens of which are given below. The former has on the obverse the head of a woman, and on the reverse a sphinx, with the inscription T. CARISIVS III. VIR: the latter has on the obverse the head of Augustus, with the inscription IMP. CAESAR AVGVST., and on the reverse the gate of a city, over which is inscribed IMIRITA, and around it the words P. CARISIVS LEG. PROPR. There is nothing in the former coin except the praenomen Titus to identify it with the subject of this article; but the latter one would appear to have been struck by the conqueror of the Astures, and perhaps Dio Cassius has made a mistake in calling him Titus. The word IMIRITA, which is also written
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Hero'd the Great or Hero'des Magnus (search)
t intimate friends and counsellors. (J. AJ 15.3.5-9, 7, B. J. 1.22.) But Herod's domestic calamities did not in any degree affect the splendour either external or internal of his administration. He continued to cultivate with assiduity the all-important friendship of Augustus, as well as that of his prime minister and counsellor Agrippa, and enjoyed throughout the remainder of his life the highest favour both of the one and the other. Nor were his services ever wanting when called for. In B. C. 25 he sent a chosen force to the assistance of Aelius Gallus, in his expedition into Arabia; and in B. C. 17, after having received Agrippa with the utmost honour at Jerusalem, he set out himself early in the following spring with a powerful fleet to join him in his expedition to the Bosporus and the interior of the Euxine Sea. For this ready zeal, he was rewarded by obtaining, without difficulty, almost all that he could ask at the hands of Augustus; and when the latter, in B. C. 20, visited
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), I'ccius (search)
I'ccius 3. A friend of Horace, who addressed to him an ode (Carm. 1.29), and an epistle (Ep. 1.12). The ode was written in B. C. 25, when Iccius was preparing to join Aelius Gallus [GALLUS, AELIUS] in his expedition to Arabia, and in it Horace dissuades Iccius from quitting security and philosophy for doubtful gains and certain hardships. The epistle was composed about ten years afterwards, when Iccius had become Vipsanius Agrippa's steward in Sicily, and had resumed his philosophical studies, without, however, acquiring the art of content. In both poems Horace reprehends pointedly, but delicately, in Iccius an inordinate desire for wealth. The immediate occasion of the epistle was to introduce Pompeius Grosphus [GROSPHUS] to Iccius. Iccius has been defended from the imputation of avarice by Jacobs (Rhein. Mus. 2.1, Verm. Sch. v. p. 1-30). [W.B.D]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Juba (search)
whom he accompanied in his expedition to the East; nor did he fail to reap the fruits of this favour, in the general settlement of the affairs of the empire, after the death of Antony (B. C. 30). On that occasion Octavian restored his young friend to the possession of his paternal kingdom of Numidia, at the same time that he gave him in marriage Cleopatra, otherwise called Selene, the daughter of Antony and Cleopatra. (D. C. 51.15; Plut. Ant. 87; Strab. xvii. p.828.) At a subsequent period (B. C. 25) Augustus gave him the two provinces of Mauritania (afterwards called Tingitana and Caesariensis), which had formed the kingdoms of Bocchus and Bogud, in exchange for Numidia, which was reduced to a Roman province. Some of the Gaetulian tribes were at the same time subjected to his sway; and almost the only event of his long reign that we find recorded is an insurrection of these tribes, which assumed so formidable an aspect, that Juba was unable to re press it by his own efforts; and even
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ju'lia (search)
was educated with great strictness. The manners of the imperial court were extremely simple, and the accomplishments of her rank and station were diversified by the labours of the loom and the needle. (Suet. Aug. 73.) A daily register was kept of her studies and occupations; her words, actions, and associates were jealously watched ; and her father gravely reproached L. Vinicius, a youth of unexceptionable birth and character, for addressing Julia at Baiae (Suet. Aug. 63, 64). She married, B. C. 25, M. Marcellus, her first cousin, the son of Octavia (D. C. 53.27), and, after his death, B. C. 23, without issue, M. Vipsanius Agrippa [AGRIPPA, M. VIPSANIUS] (D. C. 53.30, 54.6; Plut. Ant. 87; Suet. Aug. 63), by whom she had three sons, C. and L. Caesar, and Agrippa Postumus, and two daughters, Julia and Agrippina. She accompanied Agrippa to Asia Minor in B. C. 17, and narrowly escaped drowning in the Scamander. (Nic. Dam. p. 225, ed. Coray.; J. AJ 16.2.2.) After Agrippa's death in B. C. 1
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Li'vius (search)
t amount. Upon more careful examination, however, it was perceived that while the epitome of bk. cxxxv. closed with the conquest of the Salassi, which belongs to B. C. 25, the epitome of bk. cxxxvi. opened with the subjugation of the Rhaeti, by Tiberius, Nero, and Drusus, in B. C. 15, thus leaving a blank of nine years, an interva Actium, in B. C. 29, as we learn from other sources. But we are told by Dio Cassius that it was shut again by Augustus after the conquest of the Cantabrians, in B. C. 25; and hence it is evident that the first book must have been written, and must have gone forth between the years B. C. 29 and B. C. 25. An attempt has been made tB. C. 25. An attempt has been made to render these limits still narrower, from the consideration that the emperor is here spoken of as Augustus, a title not conferred until the year B. C. 27; but this will only prove that the passage could not have been published before that date, since, although written previously, the honorary epithet might have been inserted here
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ior understanding, as well as of the highest virtue. As early as B. C. 39 he was betrothed in marriage to the daughter of Sex. Pompey, as one of the conditions of the peace concluded in that year between Pompey and Octavian (D. C. 48.38); but the marriage never took place, as Pompey's death, in B. C. 35, removed the occasion for it. In B. C. 29 Augustus, on his return from Egypt, distributed a congiarium, in the name of young Marcellus, to the boys of the Roman populace (id. 2.21); and in B. C. 25 we find him, together with Tiberius, presiding at the games and spec tacles exhibited by Augustus at the foundation of his new colony of Emerita in Spain. (Id. 53.26.) It was apparently in the same year that Augustus adopted him as his son, at the same time that he gave hin his daughter Julia in marriage (Plut. Ant. 87; Dio Cass. Dii. 27), and caused him to be admitted into the senate with praetorian rank, and with the privilege of suing for the consulship ten years before the legal period.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Mure'na (search)
his own property. This Proculeius is called the brother of Varro, but, if we take the words of Horace literally (Carm. 2.2), Proculeius had more than one brother. Drumann conjectures that this Proculeius was a son of C. Licinius Murena, the brother of the consul, who had been adopted by one Proculeius. This would make Proculeius the cousin of Varro. It was common enough among the Romans to call cousins by the name of brothers (frater patruelis, and frater). Murena was sent by Augustus, in B. C. 25, to attack the Salassi in the Alps: he reduced the people to obedience, sold the male prisoners for slaves, and the chief part of the territory was distributed among Praetorian soldiers, who founded the town of Augusta, now Aosta, in the province of Aosta, one of the eight divisions of the continental dominion of the king of Sardinia (D. C. 53.25; Strab. p. 206, ed. Casaub.). Murena was named consul suffectus for B. C. 23. In B. C. 22 he was involved in the conspiracy of Fannius Caepio, and
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
iously placed between the years of Rome 697 and 708 (B. C. 57 to 46). Lachmann, however, was the first who placed it so low as B. C. 48 or 47; and the latest date (B. C. 46) is that of Hertzberg, the recent German editor. The latter's computation proceeds on very strained inferences, which we have not space to discuss; but it may possibly be sufficient to state that one of his results is to place the tenth elegy of the second book, in which Propertius talks about his extreme aetas (5.6) in B. C. 25, when, according to Hertzberg, he was one-and-twenty! For several reasons, too long to be here adduced, it might be shown that the year assigned by Mr. Clinton, namely, B. C. 51, is a much more probable one, and agrees better with the relative ages of Propertius and Ovid. We know that the latter was born in B. C. 43, so that he would have been eight years younger than Propertius : a difference which would entitle him to call Propertius his predecessor, whilst at the same time it would not p
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