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Hermo'genes 6. One of the most celebrated Greek rhetoricians. He was a son of Calippus and a native of Tarsus, and lived in the reign of the emperor M. Aurelius, A. D. 161-180. He bore the surname of custh/r, that is, the scratcher or polisher, either with reference to his vehement temperament, or to the great polish which he strongly recommended as one of the principal requisites in a written composition. He was, according to all accounts, a man endowed with extraordinary talents; for at the age of fifteen he had already acquired so great a reputation as an orator. that the emperor M. Amelius desired to hear him, and admired and richly rewarded him for his wonderful talent. Shortly after this he was appointed public teacher of rhetoric, and at the age of seventeen he began his career as a writer, which unfortunately did not last long, for at the age of twenty-five he fell into a mental debility, which rendered him entirely unfit for further literary and intellectual occupation, and
Herodia'nus (*(Hrwdiano/s), a writer on Roman history. He was a Greek, though he appears to have lived for a considerable period in Rome, but without holding any public office. From his work, which is still extant, we gather that he was still living at an advanced age in the reign of Gordianus III., who ascended the throne A. D. 238. Beyond this we know nothing respecting his life. Works History His history extends over the period from the death of M. Aurelius (A. D. 180) to the commencement of the reign of Gordianus III. (A. D. 238), and bears the title, *(Hrwdianou= th=s meta\ *Ma/rkon *Basilei/as i(storiw=n *Bibli/a o)ktw/. He himself informs us (1.1.3, 2.15.7) that the events of this period had occurred in his own lifetime. Photius (Phot. Bibl. 99) gives an outline of the contents of the work, and passes a flattering encomium on the style of Herodian, which he describes as clear, vigorous and agreeable, preserving a happy medium between an utter disregard of art and elegance
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ma'ximus Hierosolymita'nus or of JERUSALEM, of which city he was bishop, a Greek ecclesiastical writer of the latter part of the second century. Jerome (De Vitris Illust. 100.47) mentions Maximus, an ecclesiastical writer who wrote on the questions of the origin of evil and the creation of matter, as having lived under the emperors Commodus (A. D. 180-193) and Severus (A. D. 193-211), but he does not say what office he held in the church, or whether he held any; nor does he connect him with any locality. Honorius of Autun (De Scriptor. Eccles. 1.47), extracting from Jerome, reads the name Maximinus; and Rufinus, translating from Eusebius, who has a short passage relating to the same writer (H. E. 5.27), gives the name in the same form; but it is probably incorrect. There was a Maximus bishop of Jerusalem in the reign of Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius, or the earlier part of that of Commodus, i.e. somewhere between A. D. 156 and A. D. 185, and probably in the early part of that int
26). This controversy arose when Servilius Paulus was proconsul of Asia, and at the time of the martyrdom of Sagaris, who is thought to have suffered in the persecution under M. Aurelius. During the same persecution, Melito composed his Apologia,which, as it was addressed to Aurelius alone, appears to have been written after the death of Lucius Verus, in A. D. 169. The Chronicon of Eusebius places its presentation in A. D. 169-170 : it must have been written then or between those years and A. D. 180, in which Aurelius himself died [AURELIUS MARCUS]. The Chronicon Paschale seems to ascribe to Melito two apologies, one presented to Aurelius and Verus, A. D. 165, the other to Aurelius alone, A. D. 169. Tillemont is disposed to place the Apology as late as the year 175; Pearson and Dodwell between 170 and 175; and Basnage (Annales Politic. Eccles.) and Lardner as late as A. D. 177. The time, place, and manner of Melito's death are not accurately and certainly known: from the silence of Po
he second Oppian in order to determine the date of Atheneaus. [ATHENAEUS]., or by considering the passage in question to be a spurious interpolation. It is also confirmed by Eusebius Chron. ap. S. Hieron. vol. viii. p. 722, ed. Veron. 1736) and Syncellus (Chronogr. pp. 352, 353, ed. Paris. 1652), who place Oppian in the year 171 (or 173), and by Suidas, who says he lived in the reign of "Marcus Antoninus," i. e. not Caracalla, as Kuster and others suppose, but M. Aurelius Antoninus, A. D. 161-180. If the date here assigned to Oppian be correct, the emperor to whom the "Halieutica" are dedicated, and who is called (1.3) gai/hs u(/paton kra/tus, *)Antwni=ne, will be M. Aurelius; the allusions to his son (1.66. 78, 2.683, 4.5, 5.45) will refer to Commodus; and the poem may be supposed to have been written after A. D. 177, which is the year when the latter was admitted to a participation of the imperial dignity. If the writer of the "Halieutica" be supposed to have lived under Caracalla,
Orfitus 10. ORFITUS GAVIUS, consul A. D. 178, with Julianus Rufus. (Lamprid. Colsmmod. 12.) As the three persons last mentioned all lived in the reign of M. Aurelius (A. D. 161-180), it is impossible to say which of them was the Ortitus who was advanced to various honours in the state by this emperor, although he was the paramour of the empress (Capitol. M. Anton. Phil. 29).
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ption records his parents to be Papinianus Hostilis and Eugenia Gracilis, and that they survived their son Aemilius Paullus Papinianus, who died in his thirty-seventh year. Aemilins Papinianus succeeded Septimius Severus, afterwards emperor, as Advocatus Fisci (Spartian. Carucall. 8). Now Severus held this oftice under Marcus Antoninus, and he was employed in various high capacities by Marcus during his lifetime. Papinianus therefore was Advocatus Fisci during the reign of Marcus, who died A. D. 180. Severus became emperor A. D. 1.92, and died A. D. 211. There is therefore an interval of about thirty-two years between the death of Marcus and that of Severus, and consequently Papinianus, who held office under Marcus, and was put to death by Caracalla, the successor of Severus, must have been much more than thirty-six when he died. Papinian is said to have been related to Julia Domna, the second wife of Severus. (Spart. Caracall. 8.) He was highly esteemed by Severus, nnder whom he wa
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Praesens, Bru'ttius the father of Crispina, wife of the emperor Commodus. He is generally supposed to be the C. Bruttius Praesens who appears in the Fasti as consul for A. D. 153, and again for A. D. 180. There is also a C. Bruttius Praesens marked as having been consul for the second time in A. D. 139, and another as consul in A. D. 217. (Capitolin. M. Aurel. 27; Lamprid. Commod. 12; Censorin. 21.) [W.R]
20.1, 15.30.5; Macr. 22; Heyne, de antiq. Virgi. interprett. subjoined to his notices "De Virgilii editionibus.") It must not be concealed, that many plausible reasons, founded upon the notices contained in the Noctes Atticae, may be adduced for believing that the Valerius Probus of Gellius is one and the same person with the Probus Berytius of Suetonius and Hieronymus, for although Gellius, who speaks of having conversed with the pupils and friends of Valerius Probus, did not die before A. D. 180, it is by no means impossible, as far as we know to the contrary, that Probus Berytius might have lived on to the beginning of the second century, although the words of Martial (Mart. 3.2, 12) cannot be admitted as evidence of the fact. This view has been adopted and ably supported by Jahn in the Prolegomena to his edition of Persius, 8vo. Lips. 1843 (p. cccxxxvi. &c.). The chief difficulty, however, after all, arises from the chronology. Probus of Berytus is represented by Suetonius as ha
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
20.1, 15.30.5; Macr. 22; Heyne, de antiq. Virgi. interprett. subjoined to his notices "De Virgilii editionibus.") It must not be concealed, that many plausible reasons, founded upon the notices contained in the Noctes Atticae, may be adduced for believing that the Valerius Probus of Gellius is one and the same person with the Probus Berytius of Suetonius and Hieronymus, for although Gellius, who speaks of having conversed with the pupils and friends of Valerius Probus, did not die before A. D. 180, it is by no means impossible, as far as we know to the contrary, that Probus Berytius might have lived on to the beginning of the second century, although the words of Martial (Mart. 3.2, 12) cannot be admitted as evidence of the fact. This view has been adopted and ably supported by Jahn in the Prolegomena to his edition of Persius, 8vo. Lips. 1843 (p. cccxxxvi. &c.). The chief difficulty, however, after all, arises from the chronology. Probus of Berytus is represented by Suetonius as ha
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