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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Estaing, Charles Henry Theodat, Count Da, 1729- (search)
successfully tried to relieve it. Soon afterwards Byron's fleet, from the northeast coast, arrived, when D'Estaing took refuge at Martinique. Byron tried in vain to draw him into action, and then started to convoy, a part of the way, the homeward-bound West Indiamen of the mercantile marine. During his absence a detachment from Martinique captured the English island of St. Vincent. Being largely reinforced soon afterwards, D'Estaing sailed with his whole fleet and conquered the island of Grenada. Before the conquest was quite completed Byron returned, when an indecisive engagement took place, and the much-damaged British fleet put into St. Christopher's. D'Estaing then sailed (August, 1779) to escort, part of the way, the homeward-bound French West Indiamen; and, returning, engaged jointly with the American army in the siege of Savannah, but abandoned the contest before a promised victory for the allies was won. He returned to France in 1780, and in 1783 he commanded the combined
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), French domain in America. (search)
763, the King of England (George III.), by proclamation, erected out of the territory acquired from the French by the treaty of Paris three provinces on the continent—namely, east Florida, west Florida, and Quebec; and an insular province styled Grenada. East Florida was bounded on the north by the St. Mary's River, the intervening region thence to the Altamaha being annexed to Georgia. The boundaries of west Florida were the Apalachicola, the Gulf of Mexico, the Mississippi, and lakes Pontchez. The boundaries of the province of Quebec were in accordance with the claims of New York and Massachusetts, being a line from the southern end of Lake Nepissing, striking the St. Lawrence at lat. 45° N., and following that parallel across the foot of Lake Champlain to the head-waters of the Connecticut River, and thence along the highlands which form the water-shed between the St. Lawrence and the sea. Grenada was composed of the islands of St. Vincent, Dominica, and Tobago. See Flori
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), French West Indies, the (search)
rticipated. Gaudeloupe had already been taken. General Monckton, after submitting his commission as governor to the council of New York, sailed from that port (January, 1762), with two line-of-battle ships, 100 transports, and 1,200 regulars and colonial troops. Major Gates (afterwards adjutant-general of the Continental army) went with Monckton as aide-de-camp, and carried to England the news of the capture of Martinique. Richard Montgomery (afterwards a general in the Continental army) held the rank of captain in this expedition. The colonial troops were led by Gen. Phineas Lyman. Grenada, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent's—indeed, every island in the Caribbean group possessed by the French-fell into the hands of the English. The French fleet was ruined, and French merchantmen were driven from the seas. British vessels, including those of New York and New England, now obtained the carrying-trade of those islands; also, under safe conducts and flags of truce, that of Santo Doming
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Harris, George, Lord -1829 (search)
Harris, George, Lord -1829 Military officer; born March 18, 1746; became captain in 1771, and came to America in 1775. He was in the skirmish at Lexington and was wounded in the battle of Bunker Hill. In the battles of Long Island, Harlem Plains, and White Plains, and in every battle in which General Howe, Sir Henry Clinton, and Earl Cornwallis, in the North, participated, until late in 1778, he was an actor. Then he went on an expedition to the West Indies; served under Byron off Grenada in 1779; also, afterwards, in India, and in 1798 was made governor of Madras, and placed at the head of the army against Tippoo Sultan, capturing Seringapatam, for which service he received public thanks and promotion. In 1812 he was raised to the peerage. He died in Belmont, Kent, England, May 19, 1829.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Nicaragua Canal. (search)
one-half finished. Vast sums of money have been spent there, and still more wasted or worse. It is estimated that $100,000,000 additional will now push it from ocean to ocean. Whether this is a sound estimate or not we do not know, for, unlike the Nicaragua route, there have been no other investigations made than those by the company through its employes. This matter will be investigated by our people, and we have a right to make all proper inquiries, because by the treaty of 1846 with Grenada we guaranteed the neutrality of this canal. The Panama Canal was originally intended to be a sea-level canal, running on that one level without locks from ocean to ocean. It is not needful for the present purpose to relate the history of its failures and of the disgrace and scandal connected with it. As a sea-level canal it was a failure, and no one now proposes to take up the enterprise in that form. To some, perhaps to many, Americans, it will be a surprise to know that, while the en
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Treaty of Paris, (search)
tire when they pleased, disposing of their estates to British subjects; that Great Britain should restore to France the islands of Guadeloupe, Marie Galante, Deseada, and Martinique, in the West Indies, and of Belle-Isle, on the coast of France, with their fortresses, giving the British subjects at these places eighteen months to sell their estates and depart, without being restrained on any account, excepting by debts or criminal prosecutions. France ceded to Great Britain the islands of Grenada and the Grenadines, with the same stipulation as to their inhabitants as those in the case of the Canadians; the islands of St. Vincent, Dominica, and Tobago to remain in the possession of England, and that of St. Lucia, of France; that the British should cause all the fortifixations erected in the Bay of Honduras. and other territory of Spain in that region, to be demolished; that Spain should desist from all pretensions to the right of fishing about Newfoundland; that Great Britain shoul
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Mississippi, (search)
Confederate government removes the State archives from Jackson to Columbus for safety......June 16, 1862 Chief military operations in Mississippi during 1862 were as follows: General Beauregard evacuates Corinth, and Halleck takes possession, May 29; United States gunboat Essex bombards Natchez and the city surrenders, Sept. 10; Rosecrans defeats Confederates under Price in a battle at Iuka, Sept. 19-20; unsuccessful attack on Corinth by the Confederates under General Van Dorn, Oct. 3-4; Grenada occupied by General Hovey's expedition, 20,000 strong, Dec. 2; Van Dorn defeats the Federal cavalry in battle of Coffeeville, Dec. 5; Holly Springs surrendered to the Confederates, Dec. 20; unsuccessful attack of Federals on Vicksburg......Dec. 27-29, 1862 Important military operations during 1863: Colonel Grierson with Federal troops makes a raid through the State from Tennessee to Louisiana, April 17–May 5; naval battle of Grand Gulf, April 29; McClernand defeats the Confederates at Po
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Walthall, Edward Cary 1831-1898 (search)
Walthall, Edward Cary 1831-1898 Legislator; born in Richmond, Va., April 4, 1831; admitted to the bar in 1852 and began practice in Coffeeville, Miss.; elected attorney of the tenth Mississippi judicial district in 1856 and 1859; joined the Confederate army as lieutenant in the 15th Mississippi Infantry in 1861; promoted brigadiergeneral in December, 1862, and majorgeneral in 1864; distinguished himself in the battle of Missionary Ridge and in the action at Nashville, where he covered the retreat of Gen. John B. Hood and prevented the capture of his army by Gen. George H. Thomas. He resumed law practice in Grenada, Miss., in 1871; was United States Senator in 1885-98, with exception of the period from January, 1894, to March, 1895. He died in Washington, D. C., April 21, 1898.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), West Indies, (search)
o 27° N., forming a British colonial possession, few inhabited; Nassau, on Providence Island, the capital. They form a barrier which throws the Gulf Stream upon the Atlantic coast of the United States, thus greatly modifying the climate of the Eastern United States and Northern Europe. Omitting the insignificant islets the Lesser Antilles are: Names.Possessors. III. Lesser Antilles. Leeward Isles. Virgin IslandsBritish, Danish, Spanish. AnguillaBritish. St. Christopher (St. Kitt's)British. St. MartinFrench, Dutch. St. BartholomewFrench. SabaDutch. St. EustatiusDutch. NevisBritish. BarbudaBritish AntiguaBritish MontserretBritish GuadeloupeFrench. Marie-GalanteFrench DominicaBritish. Windward Isles. MartiniqueFrench. St. LuciaBritish. St. VincentBritish. GrenadaBritish. BarbadoesBritish. TobagoBritish. TrinidadBritish. OrubaDutch. CuracoaDutch. Buen AyreDutch. Aves (Bird) IslandsVenezuela. Los Roques Orchilla Blanquella See Cuba; Porto Rico
enemy renders the lines of communication of the army at Columbus liable to be cut off at any time from the Tennessee River as a base, by an overwhelming force of the enemy, rapidly concentrated from various points on the Ohio, it becomes necessary, to prevent such a calamity, that the main body of that army should fall back to Humboldt, and thence, if necessary, to Grand Junction, so as to protect Memphis from either point, and still have a line of retreat to the latter place, or to Grenada, Mississippi, and, if necessary, to Jackson, Mississippi. At Columbus, Kentucky, will be left only a sufficient garrison for the defence of the works there, assisted by Hollins's gunboats, for the purpose of making a desperate defence of the river at that point. A sufficient number of transports will be kept near that place for the removal of the garrison therefrom, when no longer tenable, in the opinion of the commanding officer. Island No.10 and Fort Pillow will likewise be defended to
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