A.“ἀφέλαι” GDI4940.35 (Cret.); “ἀφῄρησα” Gal.11.121:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Od.14.455, cf. A.Eu.360 codd., etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, X.Cyr.7.1.44): less freq. “ἀ. τί τινος” Ar.Pax 560, X.Lac.4.7; “κῆρα χώρας” A.Th.777 (lyr.); “ἔκ τινος” Id.Eu.444; also τινά τι prob. l. ib.360, S.Ph.933, v. infr. II. I, III: c. gen., take from, “τιμῆς οὔτ᾽ ἀφελὼν οὔτ᾽ ἐπορεξάμενος” Sol.5.2; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) “ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας” Pl.R.360e; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, X.Vect.4.4: c. acc. only, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt.1.80; “βασιλέων . . ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν” took away, E.Med.455, cf.Ar.Pl.22,Ra.518.
2. set aside, “κρέα” SIG 1044.41 (Halic., iv B. C.).
b. exclude, separate, “τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς” Pl.Plt.262d; opp. προστιθέναι, Id.Phd.95e, etc.
3. Math., ἀ. ἀπὸ . . subtract from, Euc.Ax.3 (Pass.), etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Apollon. Perg.1.41 (Pass.); intercept, in Pass., Procl.Hyp.2.27.
4. in Logic, abstract, c. acc., Arist.APo.74a37, al.: abs., Id.Metaph.1030a33.
II. Med., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι (in pass. sense, v.l. for ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι, Hdt.5.35, cf. Antipho Fr.57), later “ἀφελοῦμαι” Timostr.5, Plb.3.29.7: aor. ἀφειλόμην, later “ἀφειλάμην” Ph.2.586, D.C.41.63, cf. Phryn.116: pf. ἀφῄρημαι (in med. sense) X.Cyr.7.5.79 (spelt “ἀφείρ-” Sammelb.4309 (iii B. C.)):—from Hom. downwds. more freq. than Act., take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, E. El.928:—Constr. like Act., ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as “καὶ δή μοι γέρας . . ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς” Il.1.161; “τί τινος” 5.673,691, 9.335, Th.3.58, Lys.24.13, etc. (also “τεύχεα . . ὤμοιϊν ἀφελέσθαι” Il.13.510); “τι πρός τινος” E.Tr.1034; “τι ἀπό τινος” Ar.V.883; “ἔκ τινος” X.Cyn.12.9: c. dupl. acc. rei et pers., bereave or deprive of, “μήτε σὺ τόνδ᾽ . . ἀποαίρεο κούρην” Il.1.275, cf. Hdt.1.71, 7.104; freq. in Att. and Trag., Lys. l. c., Th.8.74, D.20.46, etc.; “τέκνα ἀ. τινά” E.Andr.613, cf. Ar.Ach. 464: rarely c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, “ἀ. τὰς κύνας τοῦ εὑρεῖν” X.Cyn.6.4; “τῆς ἀρχῆς τινά” Plu.Ant.60; “τὴν Ἀμαζόνα τοῦ ζωστῆρος” Paus.5.10.9.
2. c. acc. rei, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, And.2.24; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Th.4.134; “ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμ᾽ ἀφείλετο” A.Pers.428: abs., μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (sc. τὴν δίωξιν) X.HG1.2.16; “ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν” D.22.13.
3. folld. by μή c. inf., prevent, hinder from doing, “τί μ᾽ ἄνδρα . . ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖν;” S.Ph.1303, cf. E.Tr.1146; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ᾽ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Id.Andr.913; c. inf. Pass., “τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι” Paus.8.52.2; c. inf. only, Pi.I.1.62: simply, obstruct, “ἀρχήν” Pl.Lg.958c.
4. ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Pl.Lg. 914e, Isoc.12.97, D.58.19, cf. Lys.23.10, Aeschin.1.62.
III. Pass., fut. “-αιρεθήσομαι” E.Hel.938; “-ήσομαι” Antipho Fr.57: pf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ion. “ἀπαραίρημαι” Hdt.7.159, etc.:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι A.Ch.962 (lyr.), Hdt.3.137, etc.; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Id.1.70, 3.65, 7.159; “ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος” D.47.41; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, E.Tr.486: c. inf., ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Id.Hipp.1207: less freq. “μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ αὐξηθέντος” Pl.Tht.155b.
2. ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Id.Lg.915a.