A.beautiful, of outward form, freq. of persons, “κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν” Il.2.673: in Hom. usu. in the phrase “κ. τε μέγας τε” Il.21.108, al.; μέγας καὶ κ. Od.9.513; “καλή τε μεγάλη τε” 13.289, 15.418; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form, 17.307; “κ. ἰδέᾳ” Pi.O.10 (11).103; “εἶδος κάλλιστος” X.Cyr.1.2.1; “κ. τὸ σῶμα” Id.Mem.2.6.30; “τὰς ὄψεις” Theopomp.Hist.195; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, Il. 16.180: c. inf., “καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι” Od.10.396; ἐσορᾶν κ. Pi.O.8.19: freq. of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, Il.19.285, 23.66, Od.19.208, Il.4.147; “Χρώς” 5.354, al.; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, Od.6.111, 24.277, Il.2.43, Od.10.365, 1.96; “πέπλος κάλλιστος ποικίλμασιν ἠδὲ μέγιστος” Il.6.294; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, 3.331, 11.33, 22.314, 18.612, 15.713, Od.19.18; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., “αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε” 14.7; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες, 3.387, Il.21.447, 18.491; ἄμαξα, τράπεζα, θρόνος, 24.267, 11.629, Od.1.131; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, Il.12.314, Od.24.206; so after Hom., “Λύδιον κ. ἔργον” Sapph.19, etc.; ἐέρσα κ. ead.Supp.25.12.
2. in Att. added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. IG12.921, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ "Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί" Ar. Ach.144, cf.V.98; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, Pl.Alc.1.113b, Phdr.235c.
3. τὸ καλόν beauty, Sapph.79, E.IA21 (anap.), etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, Hdt.1.8, 207; “ἁπάντων καλῶν ἄμμορος” Pi.O.1.84; “αἱ τέχναι ἃς πηγάς φασι τῶν κ. εἶναι” X.Cyr.7.2.13.
II. with ref. to use, good, of fine quality, “κ. λιμήν” Od.6.263; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ . . καλῷ fair, 14.253, 299; κ. ἀργύριον, opp. κίβδηλον, genuine silver, X.Mem.3.1.9; opp. ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, PCair.Zen.21.33 (iii B. C.); “ἐλαῖαι” PHib. 1.49.12 (iii B. C.); “γῆ” Ev.Luc.8.15; “κ. οἶνος” PFay.133.8 (iv A. D.); “στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον” Th.5.60; “ἀνταπεδώκατε πονηρὰ ἀντὶ καλῶν” LXX Ge. 44.4; “κ. ἐς στρατιάν” X.Cyr.3.3.6; “πρός τι” Pl.Hp.Ma.295c, Grg.474d, etc.: c. inf., “λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν” X.An.4.8.26; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, Ar.Th.292, X.HG2.1.25; ἐν καλῷ μὲν τοῦ κόλπου καὶ τῶν πόλεων, ἐν κ. δὲ τοῦ τὴν Χώραν βλάπτειν, ib.6.2.9; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, Th.5.59.60; ἐν κ. (sc. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, E.IA1106; ἐν οὐ κ. Id.Or.579; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] c. inf., S.El.384 (so καλόν ἐστι c. inf., Id.Ph.1155 (lyr.), Ar.Pax 278, Th.8.2); “ἐς καλόν” S.OT78, Pl.Men.89e, Smp.174e; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλόν; what is the good of life to me? Ph.2.594; καλῇ πίστει, = Lat.bona fide, PTeb.418.14 (iii A. D.).
2. of sacrifices, auspicious, “σφάγια” A.Th.379; “οἰωνοί” E.Ion1333; “ἱερά” Th.4.92; “τὸ τέλος κ. τῆς ἐξόδου” X.An.5.2.9; “κ. τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν αὐτῷ” Id.Cyr.3.2.3: c. inf., “ἰέναι . . κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν” Id.An.2.2.3: Com., τὰ τῆς πυγῆς κ. (for τοῦ θεοῦ) Ar. Pax868.
III. in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in Hom. only in neut., “οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες” Od.8.166, cf. 17.381; “μεῖζον κλέος . . καὶ κάλλιον” 18.255; freq. καλόν [ἐστι] c. inf., “κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ” Il.9.615; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (sc. ἄρχειν) 21.440; “οὐ κ. ἀτέμβειν οὐδὲ δίκαιον” Od.20.294; so in Trag., “καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν” S.Ant.72, etc.; “μάθετε καλὸν ποιεῖν” LXXIs.1.17: Comp., “οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε” Od.7.159, cf. Il.24.52; after Hom. freq. of actions, etc., “κάλων κἄσλων” Sapph.Supp.2.4 (unless of persons here); κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, Pi.I.4(3).42, cf. S.Fr.839, etc.; ἀναστροφὴ κ. 1 Ep.Pet.2.12: in pl., excellences, “πλῆθος καλῶν” Pi.O.13.45; “πολλῶν καλῶν δεῖ τῷ καλόν τι μωμένῳ” S.Fr.938; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. X.Smp.8.17.
2. τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opp. τὸ αἰσχρόν, Id.Mem.1.1.16, cf. Pl.Smp.183d, etc.; “ὅττι καλόν, φίλον ἐστί, τὸ δ᾽ οὐ καλὸν οὐ φίλον ἐστίν” Thgn.17, cf. E.Ba.881 (lyr.), Pl. Ly.216c; “οὐ ταὐτὸν ἡγῇ σύ, ὡς ἔοικας, κ. τε καὶ ἀγαθὸν καὶ κακὸν καὶ αἰσχρόν” Id.Grg.474d, cf. Smp.201e; τοὐμὸν κ. E.Supp.300.
3. of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, v. καλοκἀγαθός; later “κ. ποιμήν” Ev.Jo.10.11; “κ. στρατιώτης” 2 Ep.Tim. 2.3.
IV. in Att. and Trag. freq. ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. A.Eu.209; “κ. γὰρ οὑμὸς βίοτος ὥστε θαυμάσαι” S.El.393, cf. E.Ba.652; “κ. Χάρις” D.9.65; “κ. ὕβριν ὑβρισμένοι” Id.23.121; “καί σοι . . θωπεῦσαι καλόν” S.OC 1003; “μετ᾽ ὀνομάτων καλῶν” Th.5.89.
B. Degrees of Comp.: Comp. καλλίων, ον, Il.24.52, Od.10.396, etc.: neut. κάλιον [α^] Alc.134: Sup. κάλλιστος, η, ον, Il.20.233, etc.; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, POxy.1672.6 (i A. D.), Sch.E. Tr.966; also “καλώτερος” Hdn.Epim.69.
C. Adv.:—Poets freq. use neut. καλόν as Adv., “κ. ἀείδειν” Il.18.570, Od.1.155; “καλά” Il.6.326; later τὸ κ. Theoc.3.3, 18, Call.Epigr.53, Herod.1.54.
II. regul. Adv. καλῶς (Dor. καλώς Sophr.22), well, rightly, “οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε” Od.2.64; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., S.Aj.479, etc.; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, Id.Fr.836; “οὐ κ. ταρβεῖς” Id.Tr.457; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, Lys.13.88; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. Leg.Gort.4.39; “κ. εἰρημένα” S.Fr. 576.6; “κάλλιον λέγεις” Pl.Tht.161b; “κάλλιστ᾽ ἂν εἴποι” S.OT1172: freq. in phrase καλῶς καὶ εὖ, καλῶς τε καὶ εὖ, Pl.Prt.319e, Prm.128b, etc.
2. of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, = εὖ π., A.Pr. 979, S.Ant.271; “κ. καὶ εὖ πράττειν” Pl.Chrm.172a; κ. ἔχειν to be well, A.Th.799, etc.; “κ. ἔχει σοι” Ar.Ach.946, cf. S.El.816; κ. ἔχει c. inf., 'tis well to . . , X.Mem.3.11.1: c. gen., κ. ἔχειν τινός to be well off in respect to a thing, Hp.Superf.29; “κ. παράπλου κεῖσθαι” Th.1.36; “εἰ κ. σφίσιν ἔχοι” Id.4.117; “οὔτε τοῖς θεοῖς ἔφη κ. ἔχειν, εἰ . . ” X.Mem.1.3.3; “καλλιόνως ἔχει” Pl.Tht.169e, etc.; “κάλλιστα ἕζει” Id.Hp.Ma.295b.
3. καλῶς, = πάνυ, thoroughly, altogether, “τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα” A.Fr.317, = S. Fr.934; “κ. ἔξοιδα” Id.OC269, cf. OT1008; “κ. ὑπὸ τοῦ πυρὸς διεφθάρθαι” D.S.13.108: Comp., “κάλλιον εἰδέναι” Pl.Hp.Ma.300d; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like , Hp.Genit.8.
5. κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, “κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται” Ar.Pl.863, cf. D.1.28, al., Aeschin.3.232; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., PPetr.3p.143 (iii B. C.), etc.; also c. inf., “κ. π. γράψαι” BGU1203.7 (i B. C.), etc.
6. in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! E.Or.1216, D.39.15; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! Ar.Ra.888; “κ. ἔχει” Antiph.165, Men.Pk.266; πάνυ κ. Ar.Ra.512; ἀμέλει κ. ib.532: Sup., κάλλιστ᾽, ἐπαινῶ ib.508; “ἔχει κάλλιστα” Theoc.15.3.
7. ironically, finely, “καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος” S.Ant.739, cf. E.Med.588, Ar.Eq.344, Din.1.69.
9. repeated with the Adj., “καλὴ καλῶς” Ar.Ach.253, Pax1330, Ec.730; “καλὸς κάλλιστά τε ῥέξαις” Pi.O.9.94.
E. Quantity: α_ in Ep. and early Iamb. Poets (exc. h.Ven.29, Hes.Op.63, Th.585): α^ in Lyr. (exc. “κα_λῶς” B.12.206) and Trag. (A. Fr.314, S.Ph.1381 are corrupt).--In Eleg., Epigr., and Bucol. Poets α^ or α_ (the latter usu. in thesi); “τὰ μὴ κα^λὰ κα_λὰ πέφανται” Theoc.6.19, cf. Herod.7.115, Call.Jov.55.--In Comp., ι^ in Hom., ι_ in Trag. and later.