A.“ἄνδρεσι” Alc.Supp.14.8: late nom. sg. “ἄνδρας” Cat.Cod.Astr.7.109.7: in Att. the Art. often forms a crasis with the Noun, ἁνήρ for ὁ ἀνήρ, τἀνδρός, τἀνδρί for τοῦ ἀνδρός, etc., ἅνδρες for οἱ ἄνδρες; the Ion. crasis is ὡνήρ, ὧνδρες, Hdt.4.161,134: Ep. also ἀνέρα, ἀνέρος, ἀνέρι, dual ἀνέρε, pl. ἀνέρες, ἀνέρας, ἄνδρεσσι. [Ep. Poets mostly use α_ in arsi, α^ in thesi; but in trisyll. forms with stem ἀνέρ- always α_; so also Trag. in lyr., S.Tr.1011, OT869. But in Trag. senarians α^ always.] (ἀ- in nom. by analogy; cf. Skt. nar- from I.-E. ner-, nṛ- from nṛ-, Gk. ἀνδρ- from ṇr-):—man, opp. woman (ἄνθρωπος being man as opp. to beast), Il.17.435, Od.21.323; τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἄπαις without male children, Pl.Lg.877e; in Hom. mostly of princes, leaders, etc., but also of free men; ἀ δήμου one of the people, Il.2.198, cf. Od.17.352; with a qualifying word to indicate rank, “ἀ. βουληφόρος” Il.2.61; “ἀ. βασιλεύς” Od.24.253; “ἡγήτορες ἄ.” Il.11.687.
II. man, opp. god, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε ib.1.544, al.; Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν ib.334, cf. 403, Hdt.5.63, etc.: most common in pl., yet sts. in sg., e.g. Il.18.432:—freq. with a Noun added, βροτοί, θνητοὶ ἄ., Od.5.197,10.306; “ἄ. ἡμίθεοι” Il.12.23; ἄ. ἥρωες ib.5.746:—also of men, opp. monsters, Od.21.303:—of men in societies and cities, “οὔτε παρ᾽ ἀνδράσιν οὔτ᾽ ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις” Pi.O. 6.10; and so prob., “ἄλλοτε μέν τ᾽ ἐπὶ Κύνθου ἐβήσαο . ., ἄλλοτε δ᾽ ἂν νήσους τε καὶ ἀνέρας . .” h.Ap.142.
III. man, opp. youth, unless the context determines the meaning, as in “οὔ πως ἔστι νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχεσθαι ἄνδρα γέροντα” Od.18.53; but ἀ. alone always means a man in the prime of life, esp. warrior, “ἀ. ἕλεν ἄνδρα” Il.15.328; so “ἀ. ἀντ᾽ ἀνδρὸς ἐλύθησαν” Th.2.103; the several ages are given as “παῖς, μειράκιον, ἀ., πρεσβύτης” X.Smp.4.17; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγράφεσθαι, συντελεῖν, D.19.230, Isoc.12.212; “εἰς ἄνδρας ἀναβῆναι” BMus.Inscr.898; in Inscrr. relating to contests, opp. παῖδες, IG22.1138.10, etc.
IV. man emphatically, man indeed, “ἀνέρες ἄστε, φίλοι” Il.5.529; freq. in Hdt., “πολλοὶ μὲν ἄνθρωποι, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἄνδρες” 7.210; “πρόσθεν οὐκ ἀ. ὅδ᾽ ἦν;” S.Aj.77; “ἄνδρα γίγνεσθαί σε χρή” E.El.693; “ἀ. γεγένησαι δι᾽ ἐμέ” Ar.Eq.1255; “ὃ μαθὼν ἀ. ἔσει” Id.Nu.823; “ἄνδρας ἡγοῦνται μόνους τοὺς πλεῖστα δυναμένους καταφαγεῖν” Id.Ach.77; “εἰ ἄνδρες εἶεν οἱ στρατηγοί” Th.4.27; “οὐκέτι ἀ. ἀλλὰ σκευοφόρος” X.Cyr.4.2.25; “τὸν Αυκομήδην . . μόνον ἄνδρα ἡγοῦντο” Id.HG7.1.24; οὐκ ἐν ἀνδράσι not like a man, E.Alc.723, cf. 732; ἀνδρὸς τὰ προσπίπτοντα γενναίως φέρειν 'tis the part of a man . ., Men.771, etc.
V. husband, Il.19.291, Od.24.196, Hdt.1.146, etc.; “εἰς ἀνδρὸς ὥραν ἡκούσης τῆς κόρης” Pl. Criti.113d; so “ἐξοικιεῖν εἰς ἀνδρὸς [οἶκον] θυγατέρα” Luc.Lex.11:—also of a paramour, opp. πόσις, S.Tr.551, cf. E.Hipp.491, Theoc.15.131; “ἀ. ἁπασῶν τῶν γυναικῶν ἐστι νῦν” Pherecr.155; “αἰγῶν ἄνερ” Theoc.8.49.
VI. Special usages:
1. joined with titles, professions, etc., “ἰητρὸς ἀ.” Il.11.514; ἀ. μάντις, ἀ. στρατηγός, Hdt.6.83,92 (dub.); “ἀ. νομεύς” S.OT1118; ἄνδρες λοχῖται, λῃσταί, ἀσπιστῆρες, ib.751,842, Aj.565; esp. in disparagement, “κλῶπες ἄ.” E.Rh.645; “ἀ. δημότης” S. Ant.690; with names of nations, as “Φοίνικες ἄ.” Hdt.4.42; “ἀ. Θρῇξ” E. Hec.19,al.; esp. in addresses, “ἄ. ἔφοροι” Hdt.9.9; “ἄ. πολῖται” S.OT 513; “ἄ. δικασταί” D.21.1, etc.; ὦ ἄνδρες gentlemen of the jury, Antipho 1.1, Lys.1.1, etc.; “ὦ ἄ. Ἀθηναῖοι” Id.6.8, etc.: hence in Comedy, “ἄ. ἰχθύες” Archipp.29; “ἄ. θεοί” Luc.JTr.15; “ὦ ἄ. κύνες” Ath.4.160b.
2. ὁ ἀνήρ, by crasis Att. ἁνήρ, Ion. ὡνήρ, is freq. used emphatically for “αὐτός, ἐκεῖνος” Ar.V.269, prob. in Pl.Sph.216b, etc.: sts. so in oblique cases without the Art., S.Tr.55, 109, 293, etc.; but not in Prose.
5. a man, any man, “εἶτ᾽ ἄνδρα τῶν αὑτοῦ τι χρὴ προϊέναι;” Ar.Nu.1214; “οὐ πρέπει νοῦν ἔχοντι ἀνδρί” Pl.Phd.114d, etc.; οὐ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς . . ἐσθ᾽ ὁ πλοῦς 'tis not every one that can go, Nicol.Com. 1.26.
7. “κατ᾽ ἄνδρα” viritim, Isoc. 12.180, POxy.1047 iii 11, BGU145.5, etc.; so τοὺς κατ᾽ ἄνδρα individuals, opp. κοινῇ τὴν πόλιν, D.Chr.32.6.
8. In LXX, ἀνήρ = ἕκαστος, δότε μοι ἀνὴρ ἐνώτιον Jd.8.24; ἀ. τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ προσκολληθήσεται 'each to his fellow', of leviathan's scales, Jb.41.8; also “ἀ. εἷς” 4 Ki.6.2; with negs., ἀ. μὴ ἐπισκεπήτω ib.10.19; “ἀνὴρ ἀνήρ” any one, Le. 15.2.
VII. male animal, Arist.HA637b15.
