A.watcher, guard, sentinel, Hom. (only in Il., always masc. and in pl.), “φύλακες ἄνδρες” 9.477; ἡγεμόνες φυλάκων ib.85, cf. 10.58; freq. in Trag. and Att. (Hdt. uses φυλακός, exc. in signf. 11), “φύλακ᾽ ἐπέστησεν βοΐ” A.Supp. 303; “νεὼς σῆς φ.” S.Ph.543; “δράκοντα μήλων φ.” Id.Tr.1100, al.; “φ. τοῦ τείχους” Th.2.78, cf. IG12.44.14, al.; “φ. κατὰ τὰς πύλας” X.HG4.4.8; “φύλακα καταστῆσαι” Lys.19.31; οἱ φ. the garrison, Th.6.100, X. An.4.2.5, etc.; φύλακες τοῦ σώματος body-guards, Pl.R.566b; “ὁ τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου φ.” Id.Cri.43a; “τω-ν αἰχμαλώτων” X.HG4.5.6, etc.: λόχοι φύλακες bodies of reserve, Id.An.6.5.9: as fem., “ἔστι κἀμοὶ κλῂς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ φ.” A.Fr.316, cf. S.Aj.36, OC355, E.Andr.86: metaph., flames (φλόγες) are called “φύλακες Ἡφαίστου κύνες” Eub.75.7 (dub. l.); and the hospitable table is “φ. φιλίας” Timocl.13.
II. guardian, keeper, protector, Hes.Op.123,253; “κτεάνων” Pi.P.8.58; δωμάτων, χώρας φ., A.Ag.914, S.OT1418, etc.; “παιδός” Hdt.1.41; “τῆς γυναικός” X.Cyr.6.3.14; “τῆς πολιτείας” And.4.16, cf. Pl.R.374d, al.; “τῆς ἀρχῆς” Lys.12.94; “τω-ν νόμων” Pl.Lg.966b; “τῆς εἰρήνης” Isoc.4.175: as fem., E.Tr.462, Pl.Plt.305c, X.Mem.2.1.32; of a divinity, “Ἄγγδιστιν . . φύλακα καὶ οἰκοδέσποιναν τοῦδε τοῦ οἴκου” SIG985.51 (Philadelphia, i B. C.): also φ. Ἀργείου δορός a protector against it, E.Ph.1094; ἐπὶ τοῖς ὠνίοις φύλακας κατεστήσατε, of the ἀγορανόμοι, Lys. 22.16.
4. chain, keeper, φ. ἀργυροῦς, χαλκοῦς, IG7.3498.8 (Orop.), Inscr.Délos1426 Bii 45; ὀμφαλὸν καὶ φύλακα περὶ αὐτόν ib.1417B i93(ii B. C.).
5. bandage, Gal.19.144. (Cf.Lat.bubulcus (Ital. bifolco), subulcus.)