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κατέχω , fut. καθέξω (of duration) Il.18.332, κατασχήσω (of momentary action) Hdt.5.72, Th.4.42: aor. κατέσχον, poet.
A.“κατέσχεθον” Hes.Th.575, S.El.754; Ep. 3sg. “κάσχεθε” Il.11.702, Aeol. κατέσκ [εθε] Alc.Supp. la.12; imper. “κατάσχες” E.Ba.555 (lyr.), later “κατάσχε” Philostr.Ep.38(v.l.), PMag.Lond.97.404; late aor. “κατέσχα” PGen. 54.22 (iv A.D.).
I. trans., hold fast, “καλύπτρην χείρεσσι” Hes.Th. 575.
b. hold back, withhold, “εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει” Il.15.186, cf. 11.702, Od.15.200; “ἐν κολεῷ ξίφος” Pi.N.10.6: check, restrain, bridle, “ἑωυτόν” Hdt.6.129, cf.Pl.Chrm.162c, Men.Sam.112; [γυναῖκε] A.Pers. 190; “ἱππικὸν δρόμον” S.El.754; “δάκρυ” A.Ag.204 (lyr.); ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν, etc., S.El.1011, OC874, E.Ba.555 (lyr.), etc.; “δύνασιν” S.Ant. 605 (lyr.); “τὴν διάνοιαν” Th.1.130; κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν put it off, Id.6.29; κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ, Id.2.65, 3.62; “κ. τινὰ πολέμῳ” Id.1.103; “τὰ δάκρυα” Pl.Phd.117d, al.; “τὸν γέλωτα” X.Cyr.2.2.5, Pl.La.184a, Thphr.Char.2.4; οὖρον hold in, Gal.8.407 (but -όμενα [οὖρα] as a disease, Hp.Prorrh.1.59, cf. Gal.16.639); ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν restrains himself from . . , Pl.Phdr.254a:—Pass., to be held down, “γλῶσσα κατείχετο” Hp.Epid.5.50; “ἐπιθυμίας -ομένας” Pl.R. 554c; to be bound, “ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι” Hdt.1.29; “ὑποσχέσει” PAmh. 2.97.17 (ii A.D.); “τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν” PRyl.117.13 (iii A.D.); of a nation, to be kept under (by tyrants), Hdt.1.59.
d. in imprecations, inhibit (cf. καταδέω (A) 111), Tab.Defix.Aud.50.11 (iv B.C.), PMag.Par.1.2077; “Μανῆν καταδῶ καὶ κατέχω” Tab.Defix.109.
e. place under arrest, PFlor.61.60 (i A.D.), etc.
f. keep an oath, “ὅρκον” SIG526.39 (Itanos, iii B.C.).
II. possess, occupy, esp.of rulers, A.Th. 732 (lyr.), E.Hec.81 (anap.); σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι whatever they have got, Isoc.12.242; esp. of property. enjoy possession of, PTeb.5.47 (ii B.C.), etc. (but also, sequestrate, PLille3.16 (Pass., iii B.C.), etc.); “ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες” 2 Ep.Cor.6.10.
b. dwell in, occupy, “Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν” S.Ant.609 (lyr.); esp. of tutelary gods, Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν, of Dionysus, Ar.Nu.603 (lyr.), cf. X.Cyr.2.1.1, SIG662.10 (Delos, ii B.C.), Luc.Alex.10; of a place, “μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος” E.Ion223 (lyr.); of the dead. θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς . . κατέχουσι occupy, A.Ag.454 (lyr.), cf. S.Aj.1167 (anap.).
3. πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ. continue to live a life . . , S.Ph.690 (lyr.).
5. of the grave, confine, cover, “τοὺς δ᾽ ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα” 3.243, cf. Od.11.301, Orac. ap. Hdt.1.67; as a threat, πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει sooner shall earth cover many a one, Il.16.629, cf. Od.13.427, etc.
b. of circumstances, etc., prevail, prevail among, engage, “ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα” Hdt.6.40, cf. 1.65; μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ᾽ ἡμᾶς murmurs are rife among us, S.Aj.142 (anap.); φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν a sudden rumour having overspread Greece, Philostr.VA8.15.
8. achieve, effect an object, Isoc.2.25; “πρᾶξιν” Arist.Pol.1312a33.
9. master, understand, “οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν” Pl.Phlb.26c, cf. Men.72d, Ceb.34; “περὶ φύσεως κ. πάντας τοὺς λόγους” Sosip.1.17, cf. 33; κ. νοῦν στίχων grasp the sense of . . , Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.9.
b. keep in mind, remember, “χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον” Epicur. Ep.1p.10U., cf. Thphr.Char.26.2, Men.Epit.109; κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον Chrysipp.Tyan. ap. Ath.1.5e; κ. ὅτι, διότι, PCair.Zen.60.10 (iii B.C.), Phld.Herc.1251.15:—Pass., Epicur.Ep.1p.31U.
10. possess, of a god, “εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας” PLit.Lond.52.12; τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον she was so infatuated, Plu.Alc.23; of an actor, κ. τὸ θέατρον held the audience spellbound, Plu.Dem.29 (but, kept the audience waiting, Phoc.19); of poets, “μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ.” Luc.JTr.39 (v.l. κατηχοῦσι):—mostly in Pass., of persons, to be possessed, inspired, Pl.Ion533e; ἐξ Ὁμήρου ib.536b; “ἐκ θεῶν” X. Smp.1.10; “κάρῳ” Phld.D.1.18; τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο the audience was spellbound, Eun.Hist.p.247 D.; of hydrophobia patients, Philum. Ven.4.11; of a lover, τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ (sc. Ἔρωτι)“ κατέσχημαι” Luc. DMort.19.1:—also in aor. Med., Pl.Phdr.244e.
III. follow close upon, press hard, X.Cyr.1.4.22 (dub.l.), Cyn.6.22:—Pass., ib. 9.20.
IV. bring a ship to land, Hdt.6.101, 7.59, Plu.2.162a.
B. intr.,
b. stop, cease, of the wind, Ar.Pax944 (lyr.).
2. come from the high sea to shore, put in (v. supr. IV), “νηΐ Θορικόνδε” h.Cer.126; “τῆς Μαγνησίης χώρης ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν” Hdt.7.188, cf. 6.101, Plb.1.25.7, Plu. Thes.21; τίνες ποτ᾽ ἐς γῆν τήνδε . . κατέσχετε; S.Ph.221, cf. 270, E. Heracl.83 (lyr.), Antipho 5.21, etc.: c. acc. loci, E.Hel.1206, Cyc. 223; of a journey by land, rest, προξένων δ᾽ ἔν του κατέσχες; Id.Ion 551, cf. Plb.5.71.2: metaph., εὖ κατασχήσει shall come safe to land, S.El.503 (lyr.).
3. prevail, ὁ λόγος κ. the report prevails, Th.1.10; “κληδὼν ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ πόλει κατεῖχεν” And.1.130; “σεισμῶν -εχόντων” Th.3.89; “ὁ βορέας κατεῖχεν” Arist.Mete.345a1, cf. 360b33, Thphr.CP1.5.1.
C. Med., keep back for oneself, embezzle, [τὰ χρήματα] Hdt.7.164.
2. cover oneself, v. supr. A.11.4.
3. hold, contain, Plb.9.26a.7.
II. aor. Med., = κατέχω B. 2, Od.3.284.
2. in pass. sense, τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος subdued, Pi.P.1.10; καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι was seized with, possessed by, E.Hipp.27; v. supr.A. 11.10.
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