A.back of the neck; of a horse, withers, Il.23.508; “ὑποζυγίων” Dsc.4.185; of a man, nape of the neck, Il.10.573: metaph., ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον ἔχειν have the neck under the yoke, i.e. obey patiently, S. Ant.292; cf. “εὔλοφος” 11.
II. crest of a hill, ridge, Od.11.596, 16.471, Hdt.2.124; so always in Pi., as O.8.17, N.5.46, and in Th.4.124, Pl.Lg.682b.
III. crest of a helmet, “κυνέην . . ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν” Il.16.138, cf. 6.469, 15.537; “λεῦκοι ἴππιοι λ.” Alc.15.2; “χρύσεος λ.” Il.18.612, cf. 19.383; “τρεῖς κατασκίους λ. σείει” A.Th.384, cf. Ar.Ach.575, 586; “λόφων ἐπένευον ἔθειραι” Theoc.22.186; of Carian origin acc. to Hdt.1.171; “λ. τε σείων Κάρικον” Alc.22; λ. ὑακινθοβαφής, on a Persian helmet, X.Cyr.6.4.2; “λ. τρίχινοι” PSI5.533.7 (iii B.C.); Ar. jeers at the λόφοι of Lamachus, Ach.575, 586, 965 sq., 1074.—Rare in any of these senses in Att. Prose.
2. after Hom., crest or tuft on the head of birds, whether of feathers, as the lark's crest, Simon.68, cf. Arist.HA617b20; or of flesh, as the cock's comb, Ar.Eq.496, Av.1366, Arist.HA486b13, Phld.Rh.2.188 S.: metaph., “ῥήματα . . ὀφρῦς ἔχοντα καὶ λόφους” Ar.Ra.925.
3. of men, tuft of hair upon the crown, λόφους κείρεσθαι shave so as to leave tufts, Hdt.4.175; Χῖος λ. a tonsure in the middle of the head, Eust.1462.38.
4. of large fishes, = λοφιά, Plu.2.978a.
