Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary

I.a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.

I. Lit. (for the most part only poet.; “not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,” Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.: “et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,” Ov. M. 8, 285: “saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,” Tib. 2, 3, 23: “horrentibus per totum corpus villis,” Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150: “horrentes barbae,” Petr. 99: “horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,” Plin. Pan. 81, 1: “horrentes rubi,” Verg. G. 3, 315: “horrentibus hastis,” id. A. 10, 178: “horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,” Ov. F. 2, 348: “rigidis setis,” id. M. 13, 846: “horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,” Hor. Epod. 5, 27: “pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,” Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33: “duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,” Verg. A. 4, 366: “silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,” Ov. M. 4, 778. —

II. Transf.

A. To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.

1. In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare): “corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,” Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—

2. In partic.

a. To shake, shiver with cold, rigere (poet. and very rare): “saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,” Ov. A. A. 2, 213: “horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,” Juv. 1, 93: “sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,” Petr. 83.—

b. To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).

(α). Absol.: “totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,” Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9: “arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,” Ov. M. 15, 516: “scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,” Juv. 2, 122.—

(β). With acc.: “si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85: “deorum (conscientiam) horrere,” id. Fin. 1, 16, 51: “judicium et crimen,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.: “ingrati animi crimen,” id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2: “ipsam victoriam,” id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4: “nomen ipsum accusatoris,” Quint. 12, 7, 1: “fragilitatis humanae vires,” Plin. Pan. 27, 1: “pauperiem,” Hor. S. 2, 5, 9: “onus,” id. Ep. 1, 17, 39: “iratum mare,” id. Epod. 2, 6: “nutum divitis,” id. Ep. 1, 18, 11: “strictas secures trepida cervice,” Sil. 6, 695 et saep.: “te Negligit aut horret,” Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.: “quem dives amicus odit et horret,” id. ib. 1, 18, 25: “horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,” Ov. P. 1, 3, 16: “aciem ac tela horrere,” Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33: “illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,” to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —

(γ). With an inf. or relat.-clause: “ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,” Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101: “horreo dicere,” Liv. 7, 40, 9: “horret animus referre,” id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7: “dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,” Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1: “quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,” id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—

(δ). With ne: “eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,” Liv. 34, 4, 3.—

c. To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare): “quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,” Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188: “animo horrere,” id. Dom. 55, 140: “cogitatione,” Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—

B. To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.): “possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,” Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495: “Phoebus,” Stat. Th. 4, 1.—

2. Trop.: “horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,” Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,

A. horrens , entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough (poet. and very rare): “horrens Arcadius sus,” Lucr. 5, 25: “horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,” Verg. A. 1, 165: “horrentes Marte Latinos,” id. ib. 10, 237: “horrensque feris altaribus Esus,” Luc. 1, 445.—

B. hor-rendus , a, um, P. a.

1. (Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): “horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,” Verg. A. 3, 26: “truces horrendaeque imagines,” Plin. Pan. 52, 5: “silva invia atque horrenda,” Liv. 9, 36, 1: “Roma,” Hor. C. 3, 3, 45: “rabies,” id. S. 2, 3, 323: “diluvies,” id. C. 4, 14, 27: “tempestas (with foeda),” Vell. 2, 100, 2: “nox,” Ov. F. 6, 140: “vox,” Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.: “lex erat horrendi carminis,” Liv. 1, 26, 6: “juvenis Parthis horrendus,” Hor. S. 2, 5, 62: “pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,” id. ib. 1, 8, 26: “res horrenda relatu,” Ov. M. 15, 298: “horrendum dictu!” Verg. A. 4, 454.—Neutr. adv.: “belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,” Verg. A. 6, 288: “arma Horrendum sonuere,” id. ib. 9, 732; “12, 700: intonet horrendum,” Juv. 6, 485.—Plur.: “horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,” Amm. 27, 10, 10.—

2. In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable (poet.): “horrenda virgo (Camilla),” Verg. A. 11, 507: “horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,” id. ib. 6, 10: “tectum augustum, ingens ... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,” id. ib. 7, 172. —Adv.: horrendē , dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3.