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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 25 25 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 5 5 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 4 4 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography 1 1 Browse Search
M. Annaeus Lucanus, Pharsalia (ed. Sir Edward Ridley) 1 1 Browse Search
Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, books 38-39 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D.) 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 279 BC or search for 279 BC in all documents.

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Acicho'rius (*)Akixw/rios) was one of the leaders of the Gauls, who invaded Thrace and Macedonia in B. C. 280. He and Brennus commanded the division that marched into Paeonia. In the following year, B. C. 279, he accompanied Brennus in his invasion of Greece. (Paus. 10.19.4, 5, 22.5, 23.1, &c.) Some writers suppose that Brennus and Acichorius are the same persons, the former being only a title and the latter the real name. (Schmidt, " De fontibus veterum auctorum in enarrandis expeditionibus a Gallis in Macedoniam susceptis," Berol. 1834
Apollodo'rus 7. Tyrant of CASSANDREIA (formerly Potidaea) in the peninsula of Pallene. He at first pretended to be a friend of the people; but when he had gained their confidence, he formed a conspiracy for the purpose of making himself tyrant, and bound his accomplices by most barbarous ceremonies described in Diodorus. (xxii. Exc. p. 563.) When he had gained his object, about B. C. 279, he began his tyrannical reign, which in cruelty, rapaciousness, and debauchery, has seldom been equalled in any country. The ancients mention him along with the most detestable tyrants that ever lived. (Plb. 7.7; Seneca, De Ira, 2.5, De Benef. 7.19.) But notwithstanding the support which he derived from the Gauls, who were then penetrating southward, he was unable to maintain himself, and was conquered and put to death by Antigonus Gonatas. (Polyaen. 6.7, 4.6, 18 ; Aelian, Ael. VH 14.41; Hist. An. 5.15; Plut. De Sera Num. Vind. 10, 11; Paus. 4.5.1; Heinsius, ad Ovid. ex Pont. 2.9. 43.)
Arrhidaeus 3. One of the kings of Macedonia during the time of the anarchy, B. C. 279. (Porphyr. apud Euscb. Arm. 1.38, p. 171.)
able rivals to him. He accordingly made offers of marriage to Arsinoe, and concealed his real object by the most solemn oaths and promises. Arsinoe consented to the union, and admitted him into the town; but he had scarcely obtained possession of the place, before he murdered the two younger sons of Lysimachus in the presence of their mother. Arsinoe herself fled to Samothrace (Justin, 17.2, 24.2, 3; Memnon, apud Phot. p. 226b. 34); from whence she shortly after went to Alexandria in Egypt B. C. 279, and married her own brother Ptolemy II. Philadelphus. (Paus. 1.7. §§ 1, 3; Theocrit. Idyll. 15.128, &c. with the Scholia; Athen. 14.621a.) Though Arsinoe bore Ptolemy no children, she was exceedingly beloved by him; he gave her name to several cities, called a district (nomo/s) of Egypt Arsinoites after her, and honoured her memory in various ways. (Comp. Paus. l.c. ; Athen. 7.318b. xi. p. 497d. e.) Among other things, he commanded the architect, Dinochares, to erect a temple to Arsinoe i
Arsi'noe 3. The daughter of Lysimachus and Nicaea, was married to Ptolemy II. Philadelphus soon after his accession, B. C. 285. When Arsinoe, the sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus [see No. 2], fled to Egypt in B. C. 279, and Ptolemy became captivated by her, Arsinoe, the daughter of Lysinachus, in conjunction with Amyntas and Chrysippus, a physician of Rhodes, plotted against her ; but her plots were discovered, and she was banished to Coptos, or some city of the Thebais. She had by Ptolemy three children, Ptolemy Evergetes, afterwards king, Lysimachus, and Berenice. (Schol. ad Theocr. Id. 17.128; Paus. 1.7.3; Plb. 15.25.)
Bathana'tius (*Baqana/tios), the leader of the Cordistae, a Gaulish tribe, who invaded Greece with Brennus in B. C. 279. After the defeat of Brennus, Bathanatius led his people to the banks of the Danube, where they settled down. The way by which they returned received from their leader the name of Bathanatia; and his descendants were called Bathanati. (Athen. 6.234b
Brennus 2. The leader of a body of Gauls, who had settled in Pannonia, and who moved southwards and broke into Greece B. C. 279, one hundred and eleven years after the taking of Rome. Pyrrhus of Epeirus was then absent in Italy. The infamous Ptolemy Ceraunus had just established himself on the throne of Macedon. Athens was again free under Olympiodorus (Paus. 1.26), and the old Achaean league had been renewed, with the promise of brighter days in the Peloponnesus, when the inroad of the barbarians threatened all Greece with desolation. Brennus entered Paeonia at the same time that two other divisions of the Gauls invaded Thrace and Macedonia. On returning home, the easy victory which his countrymen had gained over Ptolemy in Macedon, the richness of the country, and the treasures of the temples, furnished him with arguments for another enterprise, and he again advanced southward with the enormous force of 150,000 foot and 61,000 horse. (Paus. 10.19.) After ravaging Macedonia (J
Callippus 3. Of Athens, a son of Moerocles, a brave commander of the Athenians in the war against the Gauls, B. C. 279. He was stationed with his Athenians at Thermopylae to guard the pass. (Paus. 1.3.4, 10.20.3.)
Cambaules (*Kambau/lhs), the leader of a horde of Gauls before they invaded Greece in B. C. 279. The barbarians were at first few in number, but when they reached Thrace their forces had increased to such an extent, that they were divided into three great armies, which were placed under Cerethrius, Brennus, and Bolgius; and Cambaules is no longer heard of. (Paus. 10.19.4.) [L.
e'trius 6. Of BYZANTIUM, a Greek historian, was the author of two works (D. L. 5.83), the one containing an account of the migration of the Gauls from Europe to Asia, in thirteen books, and the other a history of Ptolemy Philadelphus and Antiochus Soter, and of their administration of Libya. From the contents of these works we may infer, with some probability, that Demetrius lived either shortly after or during the reign of those kings, under whom the migration of the Gauls took place, in B. C. 279. (Schmidt, de Fontibus Veterum in enarrand. Exped. Gallorum, p. 14, &c.) Deme'trius 7. Of BYZANTIUM, a Peripatetic philosopher (D. L. 5.83), who is probably the same as the Demetrius (Id. 2.20) beloved and instructed by Crito, and wrote a work which is sometimes called peri/ poihtw=n, and sometimes teri/ poihma/twn (unless they were different works), the fourth book of which is quoted by Athenaeus (x. p. 452, comp. xii. p. 548, xiv. p. 633). This is the only work mentioned by ancient wr
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