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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Peace commissioners. (search)
arts to accomplish their purpose, but failed, and, after issuing an angry and threatening manifesto, sailed for England in October. After the total destruction of the Southern army near Camden, in August, 1780, some of the Southern members of Congress, alarmed at the progress of the British, became so anxious for the aid of Spain that they proposed, in October, 1780, to abandon all claims to the navigation of the Mississippi as the price of a Spanish subsidy and alliance. Meanwhile (January, 1781) the Empress of Russia had been joined by the Emperor of Germany in an offer of mediation. Great Britain, getting wearied of the war, had accepted the offer. These facts being communicated to Congress by the French minister, a committee was appointed to confer with him. Their report, the opinions of the French ambassador, and the financial pressure made Congress greatly modify its terms of peace on which they had so strenuously insisted. They waived an express acknowledgment of indepe
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolutionary War, (search)
e Union Oct. 10, 1780 Gen. Nathanael Greene appointed to command of the armies in the South, superseding General Gates Oct. 14, 1780 Col. John Laurens appointed a special minister to France to secure a loanDec., 1780 Pennsylvania troops break camp at Morristown, Jan. 1, demanding back pay. Congress appoints a commission, which accedes to their demandJan. 1, 1781 Benedict Arnold plunders Richmond, Va. Jan. 5-6, 1781 Robert R. Livingston appointed secretary of foreign affairs by CongressJan., 1781 Battle of Cowpens, S. C.; American victory Jan. 17, 1781 Mutiny of New Jersey troops quelled by Gen. Robert Howe Jan. 23-27, 1781 Young's house, near White Plains, surprised by British Feb. 2, 1781 Skilful retreat of Americans under General Greene from Cowpens to the River Dan, pursued by Cornwallis,Jan. 28-Feb. 13, 1781 Final ratification of Articles of Confederation announced by order of Congress March 1, 1781 Battle of Guildford Court-house, N. C.March 15, 1781 British under Gene
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), St. Clair, Arthur 1734-1818 (search)
pelled to evacuate (July 4-5), by the presence of Burgoyne in overwhelming force. After that he was a member of Washington's military family, acting as his aide at the battle near the Brandywine. He was with Sullivan in the Seneca country in 1779. St. Clair commanded the light infantry in the absence of Lafayette, and was a member of the court that condemned Major Andre. He was in command at West Point from Oct. 1, 1780, and aided in suppressing the mutiny of the Pennsylvania line in January, 1781. Joining Washington in October, he participated in the capture of Cornwallis, and afterwards led a body of troops to join Greene in South Carolina, driving the British from Wilmington on the way. He was afterwards a delegate in Congress; president of that body (February to November, 1787) ; appointed governor of the Northwestern Territory (February, 1788) ; fixed the seat of government at Cincinnati, and, in honor of the Cincinnati Society, gave the place that name. Made commander-in
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Shippen, William 1736-1808 (search)
Shippen, William 1736-1808 Physician; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 21, 1736; graduated at Princeton in 1754; studied medicine in London and Edinburgh, and began its practice in Philadelphia in 1762. In the autumn of that year he began the first course of anatomical lectures ever given in the United States. In 1765 lie was chosen Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in the new medical school of the College of Philadelphia, of which he was the founder. In 1776 he entered the medical department of the army, and, from April, 1777, to January, 1781, was its director-general. He withdrew from the practice of his profession in 1798, and died in Germantown, Pa., July 11, 1808.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maryland, (search)
by Congress......1779 Bill to confiscate British property passes both Houses......October, 1780 Maryland line, under Major-General De Kalb, engage in the battles of Camden (where De Kalb was killed), Cowpens, Guilford Court-house, Hobkirk's Hill, assault of Ninety-six, and Eutaw Springs......1780-81 Maryland, to secure rights to Western lands, delays signing the Articles of Confederation until, with other States, Virginia cedes lands northwest of the Ohio to the United States in January, 1781; Maryland delegates, John Hanson and Daniel Carroll, sign the articles......March 1, 1781 Officers of Maryland line organize State Society of the Cincinnati at Annapolis, Major-General Smallwood president......Nov. 21, 1783 United States Congress meets at Annapolis......Nov. 26, 1783 Washington resigns his commission as commander-in-chief, at the State-house in Annapolis......Dec. 23, 1783 Delegates from Virginia, Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York assemble at A
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 21: (search)
ecker, who was ready Dec. 1. to take everything upon himself, wrote secretly to Lord North, proposing peace on the basis of a truce, during which each party should keep possession of all that it had acquired. The terms thus clandestinely offered were such as Vergennes always rejected, as inconsistent with the fidelity and honor of France. In England, they were no farther heeded than as a confession of exhaustion and weakness. I will express no opinion, said Vergennes, of Necker, in January, 1781, on his financial opera- 1781. tions, but in all other parts of the administration he is short-sighted and ignorant. Called to the conferences of the ministers, he continually dinned into their ears Peace! peace! Peace, replied Vergennes, is a good thing, only you should propose the means of attaining it in an honorable manner. Count von Mercy to Prince Kaunitz, 21 Jan., 1781. In his clamor for peace, Necker did but echo the opinion of all Paris. Maurepas, too, gave out that peac
The Daily Dispatch: March 7, 1862., [Electronic resource], article 4 (search)
Take courage. --It is remarked by an exchange that in the Revolution of '76 the darkest hour was just before day. So may it prove in this second struggle for independence. In January, 1781, Richmond was captured by the British forces. Petersburg was twice taken in May, 1781. The Legislature, during the same month, on the approach of Cornwallis from the South, adjourned to Charlottesville. They were followed there, in June, by Tarleton's cavalry, seven of them captured, and the rest forced to retreat to Staunton. Gov. Jefferson escaped capture by only ten minutes. And yet in a few months thereafter — in October, 1781--our people had the satisfaction of seeing Lord Cornwallis and his whole army captured at Yorktown, and the war ended in a blaze of glory.
The Daily Dispatch: January 3, 1865., [Electronic resource], article 1 (search)
iplined, and its officers are able and experienced soldiers. The vicbry which has just been achieved over the Yankee armada at Wilmington may be fairly set off against the defeat of Ferguson at King's mountain. Everything considered, we are in a far more ho condition now than were our fa 1781. Let our countrymen consider that fact and deduce from it the inevitable conclusion. They have no cause for correspondency. If God, in his own time, who brought light out of the darkness of January, 1781, what reason have we to think that he will not bring a glorious day out of this night of January, 1865. Our him the cause, like everything else in the uniformed, is in the hands of God. If it rosper not it is because of our sins, because of our trust in his Providence. Let us trust in Him, first purifying ourselves of our offences by prayer and penitence. There is no difficulty so great that it may not be overcome; no cause so hopeless that it may not be made to triumph. But a