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Document Max. Freq Min. Freq
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 180 180 Browse Search
Lucius R. Paige, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630-1877, with a genealogical register 35 35 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 27 27 Browse Search
HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF MEDFORD, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT, IN 1630, TO THE PRESENT TIME, 1855. (ed. Charles Brooks) 22 22 Browse Search
Benjamin Cutter, William R. Cutter, History of the town of Arlington, Massachusetts, ormerly the second precinct in Cambridge, or District of Menotomy, afterward the town of West Cambridge. 1635-1879 with a genealogical register of the inhabitants of the precinct. 20 20 Browse Search
C. Edwards Lester, Life and public services of Charles Sumner: Born Jan. 6, 1811. Died March 11, 1874. 16 16 Browse Search
Horace Greeley, The American Conflict: A History of the Great Rebellion in the United States of America, 1860-65: its Causes, Incidents, and Results: Intended to exhibit especially its moral and political phases with the drift and progress of American opinion respecting human slavery from 1776 to the close of the War for the Union. Volume I. 16 16 Browse Search
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 1. (ed. Frank Moore) 13 13 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1 10 10 Browse Search
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 1, Colonial and Revolutionary Literature: Early National Literature: Part I (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.) 7 7 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for 1790 AD or search for 1790 AD in all documents.

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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
of pieces of timber which were cut into short arcs of the required circle, placed edgewise, and bolted together, breaking joint. Several roofs in Paris and London are, or were, of this construction. De Lorme's arched beam. It was a disadvantage of this plan that the pieces were necessarily short, as they would otherwise present a cross grain to the strain. Imperial riding-house. The largest roof of one span, in its day, was that of the Imperial Riding-House at Moscow, built in 1790 (Fig. 314). The span is 235 feet. The members of the arched beam are notched together (Fig. 315) so as to prevent slipping on each other. The ends of the arched beam are prevented from spreading by a tiebeam, and the arch and tie are connected together by vertical suspension-rods and diagonal braces. Notched arch-beam. Colonel Emy's arched beam (1817) is constructed on a principle differing from both of the foregoing (Fig. 316). The ribs in this roof are formed of planks bent round on
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
with an amalgam of mercury and gold, the former of which was afterward driven off by heat. Self-fastening buttons. Button-hole cutter. When the face only is gilt, the buttons are technically known as tops, but when gilding is applied to the whole surface they are termed all-overs. The gilding, though extremely thin, admits of being brightly polished by means of an agate or bloodstone burnisher. Gilt buttons first made by Taylor, of Birmingham, England, 1768. Manufacture improved, 1790. Metallic buttons without shanks are formed by stamping; those of wood, bone, etc., are turned; the holes, of which there may be two or four for attaching the button to the garment, are drilled while the button is in the lathe by means of four long drills converging toward the button, forming all four of the holes at once. Cast buttons are made by taking a large number of impressions in a mold and inserting in each the loop of metal, whose expanded ends project into the mold and are sur
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
ith a steel ring cemented on the inside to form the circular aperture as before described. Cir′cu-lar saw. The circular saw was introduced into England about 1790, but its inventor is not known. General Bentham contrived the bench, slit, parallel guide, and sliding bevel guide. He also invented making circular saws of seasured and indicated; it is unnecessary to await its accomplishment. The wooden-clock manufacture was commenced in Waterbury, Connecticut, by James Harrison, in 1790, on whose books the first is charged January 1, 1791, at £ 3 12s. 8d. In East Windsor the brassclock manufacture was carried on by Daniel Burnap. In 1793, Eli Terto the action of the current, and indicating the force of the action by a dial or graduated bar. This is Boileau's. 3. The dynamometer current-gage of Woltmann, 1790, is a light water-wheel operated by the current, and having on its axis an endless screw, which opcrates toothed wheels and a register, the rate or force being ded
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
ittle to be added to his proposals where jets are by the turning of a plug caused to issue from center-piece, cornice, skirting-board, cave, comb, gable, and everywhere else. As this was before the era of water-mains, except in a few situations, the proposed supply was brought from cisterns on the roof or from pumps, and each floor or gallery had plugs by which the system of pipes of the respective stories were supplied. A large flax-manufactory, to be run by steampower, was erected about 1790, by Mr. Bage, at Shrewsbury, England. It was four stories high; the floors of brick arches were supported on castiron columns. The roof was also of iron. Fire-reg′u-lator. A thermostatic device to open or close the access of air to the fire, or to govern the draft-area in the chimney, in order to urge or moderate the fire as it may sink below or rise above the desired point to which the thermostat is adjusted. Fire-screen. 1. A fire-guard or fender. 2. A screen to place betwe
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
ery long ago. Jethro Tull's first invention was a kind of plow, with drill attached, for sowing wheat and turnips in three rows at a time; it consisted of two seed-boxes with a colter attached to each, and following each other; behind them followed a harrow to cover in the seed. His object in having two separate deposits of seed, and at different depths, was that they might not sprout at the same time, and so perhaps escape the ravages of the fly; he also invented a turnip-drill. About 1790, Baldwin and Wells of Norfolk, England, contrived several ingenious improvements to the machine, the first of which was in making a sliding axletree, by which the carriage-wheel could be extended when necessary to the width of the stitches (lands), and so enable another box with cups and more colters to be used. A drill containing fourteen colters could be thus enlarged to contain eighteen, or even twenty. They also constructed self-regulating levers, to which the colters were attached; b
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), H. (search)
as in use on the Merthyr Tydvil Railway in 1804. Trevethick and Vivian patented the application of high-pressure steam to engines. Trevethick is described in the Catalogue of the South Kensington Museum, London, as the inventor and constructor of the first high-pressure steam-engine, and of the first steam-carriage used in England. Blackett improved on Trevethick, and used smooth wheels on a plate-way. The multitubular boiler is stated to have been used by Rumsey, and subsequently, in 1790, in England. It was used by John Cox Stevens of New Jersey, 1791 – 1807; English patent, May 31, 1805. He used a Watt engine, cylinder 4 1/2 inches diameter, 9 inches stroke. Boiler 2 feet long, 15 inches wide, and 12 inches high, with 81 copper tubes 1 inch in diameter. Boat, 25 feet long, 5 feet beam; tried in May, 1804; velocity, 4 to 8 miles per hour. Not desiring to anticipate what should be said under locomotive and steamboat, suffice it to say that William Hadley's locomotive
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
h a triblet or mandrel inserted, is then drawn through openings in steel plates of gradually decreasing diameter, which reduce it to the thickness required. When power is applied, the chain winds upon the drum and hauls a little carriage which runs on ways, and has a double claw to engage the head of the mandrel. The perforated steel plate or whirtle is held in a cross-bearer above the bench. This mode is shown at g. Fig. 2857, and is described in Wilkinson's specification, English patent, 1790. Instead of the plate, a series of rolls may be employed, gradually diminishing in size, successively reducing the diameter of its exterior, while the mandrel maintains the uniformity of its bore. The first machine for pressing lead-pipe was patented in England by Hague, in 1822. The melted lead was forced through a circular throat whose axis was occupied by a mandrel. The lead was driven through at such a rate that it solidified by exposure to cold surfaces. By another plan, the lea
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
of Louis XV., who named a commission to investigate the best means of reforming the great diversity of weight and measures then used in the different cities and provinces of France. These investigations were continued under his successor, and in 1790 Talleyrand distributed among the members of the National Assembly a proposal for the establishment of a single and universal standard of measurement. A committee from the Academy of Sciences, Borda, Lagrange, Laplace, and Condorcet, all men of t, a yearly visitor to the Carlsbad waters, is believed to have been the first to make a successful imitation of mineral water. Struve did the same shortly afterward. The first manufactory was established by Goser, an apothecary at Geneva, about 1790, who sold annually 40,000 bottles of Seltzer. Struve soon decided to devote himself to this speciality, and obtained patents in the chief European countries. In the modern process of manufacturing mineral waters, carbonic-acid water is first m
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), N. (search)
ed by annealing (which see). Garden nails for driving into brick walls, and nails for shoe-soles, are cast. In 1718 an English patent was granted to Clement Dawbeny for cutting iron into nail-rods; it was worked by water-power. Clifford, 1790 (England), patented a process of making nails by swaging between rollers whose depressions agreed with the shape of the nail; half in each roller. The heads and tails joined so as to make them in a string, to be afterward separated by nippers. Iined a patent for cutting and heading them at one operation. Benjamin Cochran had also constructed a machine of this kind; and Josiah Person of New York, in 1794, patented a machine for cutting nails from the sheet. Perkins's machine, invented 1790 and patented in 1795, is said to have been capable of making 200,000 nails per day. These, and Odiorne's, which embraced some improvements upon them, attracted great attention in England, where they soon came into extensive use. At the close
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
roduced by Baskerville. 1759. The rag-engine introduced into England from Holland, where it was invented about 1750. 1790. The practice of bluing paper is said to have originated about this time from the circumstance of an English papermaker's the tube to the bellows opposite, and accelerate its downward movement. The apparatus of Dr. Conradus Schiviers, D. D., 1790, consisted of a wheel with compartments similar to those of a water-wheel, and an endless chain passing over pulleys; a nu in a water-chamber; at all events, this was done by Richard Varley, according to the specification of his English patent (1790), because water has no spring. A drum journaled in a cylinder axially divided by a vertical air and water tight partitia double inclined plane above the platen to regulate impression. Power-presses. Nicholson obtained a patent in England, 1790, for a cylinder printing-machine which is believed to be the first on record. It was not brought into effective use, but
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