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Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 12. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Some great constitutional questions. (search)
ople—the sovereignty itself, making thirteen sovereignties, as Madison said, and all the fathers understood the constitutors of the new pact—the constituents or principals of the new agency. As the States were obliged to act as organizations, and according to the law of their natures, they gave separate assents, and hence the new was not less a compact than the old Constitution, though the powers vested by it in the government created were more extensive [see letter of Hamilton to Pickering, 1803]. And the Convention accepted the Constitution, as revised, as their work, and never reversed their solemn and unanimous approval of the phrase, we, the people of the States. Messrs. Dane and Story must have known this, when the former penned, and the latter quoted approvingly, the following in reference to the meaning of the preamble: They properly said, we, the people of the United States, do ordain and establish; and not—we the people of each State. The author then goes on to state th<
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 16. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), chapter 1.35 (search)
e the connection, when such shall be its choice, and may suspend the operations of the Federal government and nullify its acts within its own territorial limits whenever, in its own opinion, the exigency of the case may require. These conclusions may not always be avowed, but they flow naturally from the doctrines which we have under consideration. Judge Tucker, professor of law in the University of William and Mary in Virginia, and one of the earliest commentators on the Constitution, in 1803, wrote the Constitution of the United States, then, being that instrument by which the Federal government hath been created, its powers defined and limited, and the duties and functions of its several departments prescribed, the government thus established may be pronounced to be a confederate republic, composed of several independent and sovereign democratic States united for their common defense and security against foreign nations, and for purposes of harmony and mutual intercourse between
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 17. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Annual Reunion of the Association of the Army of Northern Virginia. (search)
w—in one notable instance in this very city of Richmond—leaving to the sober, second thought of the country the vindication of her position and the reversal of an unconstitutional act. The Louisiana purchase. From this time onward came thick and fast, occasions for the opposition of the States to the acts of the general government, the assertion of what they conceived to be their rights and their construction of the Constitution. When the Louisiana territory was acquired from France in 1803, not only was the purchase denounced by the New England States, but threats of a withdrawal from the Union were heard on every hand. The Constitution was appealed to, to show that the United States had no right to the acquisition of foreign territory either by purchase, by treaty, or by conquest. Surely a most lame and impotent conclusion, to bind the strong limbs of the young giant of the West by the narrow territorial limits of the old colonial days. A conclusion which would have barred
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 17. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Life, services and character of Jefferson Davis. (search)
n to the threatened war with England, when the sentiments uttered by Theodore Dwight in his letter to Wolcott were widespread. Sooner would ninety-nine out of a hundred of our inhabitants separate from the Union than plunge themselves into an abyss of misery. Nullification broke out in the South in 1798, led by Jefferson, and again in 1830, led by Calhoun; but in turn secession or nullification was preached in and out of Congress, in State Legislatures, in mass-meetings and conventions in 1803, 1812 and in 1844 to 1850, and in each case in opposition made by the North to wars or measures conducted to win the empire and solidify the structure of the Union. While Jefferson was annexing Louisiana, Massachusetts legislators were declaring against it as forming a new confederacy, to which the States united by the former compact were not bound to adhere. While new States were being admitted into the Union out of its territory, and the war of 1812 was being conducted, Josiah Quincy
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 20. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Unveiling of the monument to the Richmond Howitzers (search)
elves, which preceded, or was contemporaneous with, the legislation of Congress in 1807. Antecedent to the adoption of the Constitution, South Carolina passed an act prohibiting, under severe penalties, the importation of negroes from Africa. In 1803 this act was repealed for the reason, assigned in Congress by Mr. Lowndes, that it was impossible, without aid from the general government, to prevent our Eastern brethren from introducing them into the country. Had we received, he said, the nece Alaska alone excepted (and in some sense this, too, is no exception) all the additions to Federal territory have been made under Southern administrations; and now, as the result of the war with Mexico, there was another not inferior to that of 1803, but which was, nevertheless, in the language of the South's great statesman, the forbidden fruit. At the time of the Missouri compromise the prophetic mind of this New World had read the result of that much-vaunted business in the foundations on
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 26. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Hon. James Mercer Garnett. (search)
think it is more probable that he was a member during the following session and voted for the adoption of Mr. Madison's report on those resolutions. Mr. Madison, the father of the resolutions, consulted often with Colonel John Taylor, of Caroline county, and Mr. Garnett, the intimate friend of Colonel Taylor, frequently participated in those consultations, which were often held in Mr. Garnett's room. Mr. Garnett represented his district in the Congress of the United States for two terms, 1803-09, when he addressed a letter to his constitutents declining a re-election. This letter was much praised by John Randolph, who tried hard to persuade him to offer for a re-election. The friendship between Mr. Garnett and Mr. Randolph lasted through life. In a speech in the United States Senate in 1828 Mr. Randolph refers to Mr. Garnett's services in Congress, and soon afterwards writes: Our friendship commenced soon after he took his seat in Congress and has continued uninterrupted by a s
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 27. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Judge William Brockenbrough. (search)
that the Brockenbroughs were there, from England, prior to 1701; and some of them were in Essex also at a Very early date. Dr. John Brockenbrough, of Tappahannock, a surgeon in the Virginia navy during the Revolution, and long a justice of Essex, and Sarah Roane, his wife, were the parents of William, who was born July 10, 1778. His father gave him good scholastic opportunities, which he very creditably improved, and then adopted the profession of law. At the early age of twenty-four (1802-3) he represented Essex in the legislature, and in May, 1803, was appointed a member of the State Council. About this time he gave to the public, under the signature of Aristogiton, some essays on constitutional law, which were greatly admired at the time, for the depth and originality of their views. His employing such a signature is significant, as showing something of the character of his reading and his sympathy with the patriotism and love of liberty which inspired Harmodious and Aristogi
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 28. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Official report of the history Committee of the Grand Camp C. V., Department of Virginia. (search)
several States would be freed from their federal bonds and obligations; and that, as it will be the right of all (the States), so it will be the duty of some, to prepare definitely for a separation, amicably if they can, violently if they must. Whilst this author may be right in characterizing the development of the doctrine, and fixing this right as a Massachusetts heresy, he is wrong in fixing upon its first progenitor, and in saying that the date of its birth was as late as 1811; for in 1803, one Colonel Timothy Pickering, a Senator from Massachusetts, and Secretary of State in the Cabinet of John Adams, complaining of what he called the oppressions of the aristocratic Democrats of the South, said, I will not despair; I will rather anticipate a new Confederacy. * * * That this can be accomplished without spilling one drop of blood I have little doubt. * * * it must begin with Massachusetts. The proposition would be welcomed by Connecticut; and could we doubt of New Hampshire? Bu
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 30. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point, N. Y., [from the Richmond, Va., Dispatch, March 30, April 6, 27, and May 12, 1902.] (search)
nted Tennessee. 3. Captain, Confederate States Army, November 20, 1861. Captain engineers, Fort Donelson. Killed February 13, 1862, at Fort Donelson, Tennessee. William H. Echols.* 1800. Born Alabama. Appointed Alabama. 4. Colonel and Chief Engineer, Department of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. John S. Saunders.* 1802. Born Virginia. Appointed at Large. 5. Lieutenant-Colonel, ordnance, December 5, 1862. Ordnance Bureau, Richmond, Va. James H. Hallonquist. 1803. Born South Carolina. Appointed South Carolina. 6. Lieutenant-Colonel Artillery, July 17, 1862. Staff of General Braxton Bragg, commanding Army of Tennessee; then commanding Reserve Artillery, Army of Tennessee, June 1o, 1864. Leroy Napier. 1807. Born Georgia. Appointed Georgia. 1o. Lieutenant-Colonel, Eighth Georgia Battalion, Gist's Brigade, Walker's Division, Army of Tennessee. Solomon Williams. 1808. Born North Carolina. Appointed North Carolina. 11. Colone
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 37. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), General Armistead's portrait presented. (search)
part in the war of 1812. Col. George Armistead, the oldest of the five, defended Fort McHenry. The flag which waved over it during the bombardment, which Key immortalized as the Star Spangled Banner, was long guarded as a sacred heir-loom by his decendants. It is now laid up in the National Museum. A second brother, Lewis Gustavus Adolphus, named for the Swedish hero, The Lion of the North, fell at Fort Erie. Walker Keith Armistead, the father of our old chief, graduated at West Point in 1803, fought in Canada, closed the Seminole war, and was, when he died in 1845, second in command in the regular army. Miss Stanley, who became his wife, was a native of the old North State, and so it happened that Lewis A. Armistead was born at Newbern, N. C., in 1817. As a matter of course, the young Lewis entered West Point in 1836. Here, however, his career was cut short. He became involved in a personal conflict with Jubal A. Early, who had insulted him on the parade ground, and cracki
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