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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 303 303 Browse Search
Lucius R. Paige, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630-1877, with a genealogical register 27 27 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 27 27 Browse Search
H. Wager Halleck , A. M. , Lieut. of Engineers, U. S. Army ., Elements of Military Art and Science; or, Course of Instruction in Strategy, Fortification, Tactis of Battles &c., Embracing the Duties of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery and Engineers. Adapted to the Use of Volunteers and Militia. 16 16 Browse Search
HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF MEDFORD, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT, IN 1630, TO THE PRESENT TIME, 1855. (ed. Charles Brooks) 15 15 Browse Search
George P. Rowell and Company's American Newspaper Directory, containing accurate lists of all the newspapers and periodicals published in the United States and territories, and the dominion of Canada, and British Colonies of North America., together with a description of the towns and cities in which they are published. (ed. George P. Rowell and company) 14 14 Browse Search
George Ticknor, Life, letters and journals of George Ticknor (ed. George Hillard) 13 13 Browse Search
George Ticknor, Life, letters and journals of George Ticknor (ed. George Hillard) 12 12 Browse Search
Benjamin Cutter, William R. Cutter, History of the town of Arlington, Massachusetts, ormerly the second precinct in Cambridge, or District of Menotomy, afterward the town of West Cambridge. 1635-1879 with a genealogical register of the inhabitants of the precinct. 12 12 Browse Search
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 3 (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.) 11 11 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for 1815 AD or search for 1815 AD in all documents.

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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
uchadnezzar to have his name stamped on every brick that was used during his reign in erecting his colossal palaces. Those palaces fell to ruins, but from the ruins the ancient materials were carried away for building new cities; and in examining the bricks in the walls of the modern city of Baghdad, on the borders of the Tigris, Sir Henry Rawlinson discovered on each the clear traces of that royal signature. — Muller, Science of language. See also Researches of della Valli, 1616; and Rich, 1815. These bricks are red or pale yellow, and are sometimes disposed in mosaic. Their sizes vary 12 × 12 x 3 inches to 19 1/2 inches square and 3 1/2 thick. Some are rounded at the corners for quoins or special work. The bricks are almost universally stamped out of a mold, and impressed with cuneiform inscriptions in a sunken rectangular panel. The inscription on the brick (Fig. 895) is, — Nebuchadnezzar the King of Babylon, founder of Beth-Digla, or Saggalu, and of Beth-Tzida, son
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
a curlewe unioynted, a quayle wyngged, a swanne lyfte, a lambe sholdered, a heron dysmembryd, a peacock dysfygured, a samon chynyd, a hadoke syndyd, a sole loynyd, and a breme splayed. Carv′ing—ma-chine′. One for carving wood, or roughing it out preparatory to the chisels, gouges, and scorpers of the carver. As early as 1800, a Mr. Watt, of London, built a machine that carved medallions and figures in ivory and ebony, producing some very handsome work with great rapidity; in 1814 and 1815, Mr. John Isaac Hawkins, of the same city, produced a similar machine for the same purposes; in 1828, a Mr. Cheverton built a machine for similar purposes, the operations of which attracted considerable attention throughout Europe. Braithwaite's carving process (English), November, 1840. This process is not dependent upon cutting-tools, but the wood is burned away, or rather converted into charcoal. The wood is steeped in water for about two hours, and the cast-iron die, or mold contain<
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
come extensively into use. De-tect′or. 1. An arrangement in a lock, introduced by Ruxton, by which an over-lifted tumbler is caught by detent, so as to indicate that the lock has been tampered with. In Mitchell and Lawton's lock, English, 1815, the motion of the key throws out a number of wards, which engage the key and keep it from being withdrawn until the bolt is moved, when the pieces resume their normal position and release the key. Should the key fail to act upon the bolt, it cann improved. It is estimated by the number of pounds raised one foot high by a bushel of Welsh coals, 94 pounds. Pounds, 1 foot high. In 1769, the Newcomen engine5,500,000 In 1772, the Newcomen engine, improved by Smeaton9,500,000. In 1778 to 1815, the Watt engine20,000,000 In 1820, the improved Cornish engine, average duty28,000,000 In 1826, the improved Cornish engine, average duty30,000,000 Pounds, 1 foot high. In 1827, the improved Cornish engine, average duty32,000,000 In 1828
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
from wood in Paris in 1802; from oil by Dr. Henry, in 1805; from refuse, oily, and fatty matter by Taylor, and patented in 1815. The operations of the Chinese being unknown to the outside barbarians, the streams of inflammable gas were for many ceWestminster Bridge was lighted in 1813. Houses of Parliament, London, in the same year. Streets of London generally, 1815. Streets of Paris, the same year. James McMurtrie proposed to light streets of Philadelphia, 1815. Baltimore commen1815. Baltimore commenced the use of gas, 1816. Boston, 1822. New York City, 1825. The Newton gas-well, six miles from Titusville, Pa., discharges at the rate of three millions of cubic feet of gas every day of twenty-four hours. The gas issues under a pressure of the sitting of the Institute, October 6, 1797. The wet-meter was invented by Clegg in 1807, and improved by Crosley in 1815. The dry-meter was invented by Malam in 1820, and improved by Defries in 1838. Many improvements and variations have bee
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), I. (search)
, and all those on porcelain, are finished by penciling in. Iron Ves′sel. The first iron boat was built in 1787, by J. Wilkinson, of Bradley Forge, England. It was 70 feet long, 6 feet 8 1/2 inches beam. The plates were 5/16 inch, secured by rivets. The stem and stern-post were of wood, the beams of elm planks. Her weight was 8 tons, capacity 32 tons; she drew 8 to 9 inches of water when light, and plied on the Birmingham Canal. An iron pleasure-boat was launched on the Mersey in 1815 by T. Jevous of Liverpool. It was scuttled by jealous shipbuilders, and an iron life-boat launched by the same person in 1817 experienced the same fate. The first iron steam-vessel launched and put to sea was projected and built for A. Manby of Staffordshire, for the river Seine, in 1821. She took in a cargo of linseed-oil and iron castings, and was navigated direct from London to Havre, and from that port proceeded to Paris, where she discharged her cargo. She navigated the Seine for m
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), K. (search)
quares, hexagons, etc. See Fig. 2748. Key-Fastener. The slotting-machine is an outgrowth of the keygrooving machine. Key-guard. A shield which shuts down over a lock-key to prevent its being pushed out of the lock from the outside. In the example, a slotted escutcheon on the plate shuts over a flattened portion of the key-shank to prevent its being turned by an outsider. A pawl acts as a detent for the escutcheon. Key′hole-pro-tect′or. Mitchell and Lawton's English patent, 1815, has a revolving curtain for closing the keyhole. Key-guard. Day and Newell's parautoptic lock has a revolving ring or curtain, which moves with the key and shuts the hole, so that wires and tools cannot be introduced alongside the key. Mordan's keyhole protector (English), 1830, has a short pipe which, after the door has been locked, is thrust into the keyhole; attached to the pipe is a small lock so contrived that, on turning its key, two lancet-shaped pieces fly out laterally and
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
, and J shows the form of the bolt and the manner in which the rotation of the barrel is made effective in throwing the bolt. The patent of Mitchell and Lawton, 1815, embraced, among other devices, a revolving curtain for closing the keyhole. A detector which indicated if any of the tumblers had been overlifted was patented eam-blast. Puffing Billy was at work more or less until 1862, when it was laid up as a memorial in the British Patent Office Museum. Hedley died in 1842. In 1815, Dodds and Stephenson patented an engine (shown by side and end views, Fig. 2985), in which the power might be applied either through wrists, at angles of 90° to ecket, constructed by George Stephenson; the Sanspareil, by Timothy Hackworth; the Novelty, by Messrs. Braithewaite and Ericsson. Dodds and Stephenson locomotive (1815). The Rocket weighed 4 tons 5 cwt., and its tender, with water and coke, 3 tons 4 cwt. It had two loaded carriages attached, weighing a little over 9 tons 10 c
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
dopted to keep up a continuous supply to the fire, which it was hoped would eventually transmute the baser metals into gold. See Athanor. Delasme's furnace, 1685, is not exactly a magazine, but is a downward-draft furnace. See smoke-consuming furnace. Watt's base-burner furnace had a magazine (English patent of 1785). The fire is fed from a reservoir above, and the resulting volatile products pass through the fire to the chimney. Cutler's magazine-grate was patented in England in 1815. The bottom plate of the chamber was movable, and by means of a wheel and axle the fuel contained in the chamber was raised so as to bring a new portion of fuel into the fire. The object is a full supply for a day, and a means of introducing below so as to burn the smoke. Arnott's improvement, which he termed a smokeless fireplace, is somewhat similar. Deakin's patent, 1816, had the magazine at the back of the fire, and the fuel was drawn forward horizontally by means of a screw. A
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), O. (search)
utt, it displaces the oil, which passes by pipe b to the lower chamber of the filter which stands on the head of the butt. It thence passes through the perforated plate, a body of charcoal c, and a second perforated plate, to the upper chamber f, from whence it is discharged by the faucet. Impurities in the lower part of the filter are discharged by the faucet k. Oil-gas. Gas was distilled from oil by Dr. Henry in 1805; and from refuse oily and fatty matters by Taylor, and patented in 1815. The apparatus for the distillation of oil to obtain a permanent gas consists of a furnace a and retort b, the latter being charged with coke or brick, on whose heated surfaces the oil drips continuously from a reservoir. The retort is a cylindrical vessel with a luted cover, and the oil is supplied in graduated quantities through a pipe e from a copper reservoir c. The gas evolved passes by an eduction-pipe f to a cistern, where, after passing through water, it is led by a pipe to th
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
downward in the series; and here first occurred the distributing-roller with end motion. Konig designed to combine two single machines to form a perfecting-press, but did not succeed. Donkin and Bacon's machine, 1813, was built for the University of Cambridge, England. Several forms were attached on the sides of a prism, and were presented consecutively to the inking-cylinder and paper-cylinder. In this machine were first used the composition inkingrollers of glue and molasses. In 1815, Cowper obtained a patent for curved electrotype-plates to be affixed to a cylinder. The greater portion of the cylinder formed a distributing surface for the ink; the remainder was occupied by the stereotypeplate. Applegath and Cowper's single machine went back again to the flat reciprocating bed. This machine was the first to have diagonal distributing-rollers to spread the ink smoothly by sliding on the reciprocating inking-table. Applegath and Cowper's four-cylinder machine, 1827,
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