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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bering sea arbitration. (search)
t statesmen have recognized it as the best way of adjusting most questions of difference arising between governments, when the ordinary diplomatic methods fail. Such being the settled policy of the country, it would be unfortunate for the cause of peace and civilization in the world if that policy should be prejudiced in the United States for want of correct information or through partisan bias. One of the last arbitrations in which the United States participated was that held at Paris in 1893 for the settlement of the questions which had arisen with Great Britain respecting the fur-seals of the Pribyloff Islands in Bering Sea; and the impression seems to prevail with many of our people that this arbitration was unwisely entered upon, that it was fruitless in its results to us, and that the responsibility for the failure is chargeable to the administration which agreed to it. Every one of these conclusions is incorrect, and in the interest of the great cause of international arbitr
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Billings, John Shaw, 1839- (search)
Billings, John Shaw, 1839- Surgeon and librarian; born in Switzerland county, Ind., April 12, 1839; was graduated at Miami University in 1857; was Demonstrator of Anatomy at the Medical College of Ohio in 1860-61; served in the medical department during the Civil War, rising to the rank of deputy surgeon-general in 1864. After the war he was on duty in the office of the surgeon-general in Washington till his retirement from the service in 1895. He was Professor of Hygiene in the University of Pennsylvania in 1893-96, and in the last year became director of the New York Public Library. He is a member of numerous scientific societies, both in the United States and in Europe. He has published Principles of Ventilation and heating; Index catalogue of the Library of the surgeon-general's office, United States army; National Medical dictionary, etc.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bissell, Wilson Shannon, (search)
Bissell, Wilson Shannon, Lawyer: horn in New London, N. Y., Dec. 31, 1847; was graduated at Yale College in 1869; became a law partner of Grover Cleveland; and was Postmaster-General in 1893-95.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Black, John Charles, 1839- (search)
Black, John Charles, 1839- Lawyer; born in Lexington, Mass., Jan. 27, 1839; enlisted in the federal army as a private in 1861; retired as brevet brigadier-general in 1865; commissioner of pensions in 1885-89 and member of Congress in 1893-95.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893 (search)
Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893 Statesman; born in West Brownsville, Pa., Jan. 31, 1830; was graduated at Washington College in 1847; and passed several years in teaching. In 1854 he removed to Augusta, Me., and with that State he was thereafter identified. He edited the Kennebee Journal and the Portland Advertiser, and was a member of the legislature from 1859 to 1862; in the last two years he was speaker of the House, and about the same time he became powerful in the Republican organization of the State. His service in the national House of Representatives extended from 1863 to 1876, and in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881. Blaine was among the most aggressive of the party leaders, was a ready debater, and an expert in parliamentary law. From 1869 to 1875 he was speaker. In 1876 he was one of the chief candidates for the Presidential nomination, but he and Bristow, the leaders, were set aside for Hayes. In 1880 Grant and Blaine were the candidates respectively
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Blodgett, Henry Williams, 1821- (search)
tudied surveying and engineering, and later law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. He was a member of the Illinois legislature in 1852-54; a State Senator in 1859-65, and United States district judge of the Northern District of Illinois in 1869-93. In 1892 he was appointed one of the counsel on the part of the United States before the arbitration tribunal created by treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the purpose of settling the dispute concerning the fur-seals in Bering ter law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. He was a member of the Illinois legislature in 1852-54; a State Senator in 1859-65, and United States district judge of the Northern District of Illinois in 1869-93. In 1892 he was appointed one of the counsel on the part of the United States before the arbitration tribunal created by treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the purpose of settling the dispute concerning the fur-seals in Bering Sea. He retired from the bench in 1893.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Blount, James H., 1837- (search)
Blount, James H., 1837- Legislator; born in Macon, Ga., Sept. 12. 1837. He was elected to Congress as a Democrat in 1872, and held his seat till 1893, when he declined a renomination. At the conclusion of his last term the House suspended its proceedings that his associates might formally testify their appreciation of his worth. In his last term he was chairman of the committee on foreign affairs, a post that gave him a wide knowledge of American relations with other countries. In March, 1893, President Cleveland appointed him a special commissioner to visit Honolulu and report on the conditions which led to the overthrow of the kingdom of Hawaii and the establishment of an American protectorate over the islands. The first result of his investigations was an order to remove the American flag from the government house, and for the withdrawal of American marines from Honolulu. These actions created much excitement in the United States, and led to the resignation of Minister S
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Brazil. (search)
y arrangements of the Harrison administration. Peixoto succeeded as President in 1891, but the new republic has been disturbed by internal troubles. Most serious of these outbreaks was the revolt of the fleet under Admiral Mello in the summer of 1893, followed by the blockade of Rio de Janeiro by the insurgents. To supply the loss of vessels, the Brazilian government purchased a powerful merchantman, El Cid, plying between New York and New Orleans, transformed it in New York Harbor into the dan, El Cid, plying between New York and New Orleans, transformed it in New York Harbor into the dynamite cruiser Nictheroy, and despatched it at the end of 1893 to the scene of action. Other vessels were purchased to cope with the strong naval force of Mello. The rebellion was not ended until June, 1895. M. de Moraes, who had meanwhile been elected President, granted full amnesty to all concerned in the revolt. In 1896 Brazil entered into a reciprocity treaty for trade with the United States.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bryce, James, 1838- (search)
Bryce, James, 1838- Historian; born in Belfast, Ireland. May 10, 1838; was graduated at Oxford University in 1862; practised law in London till 1882; and was Professor of Civil Law in Oxford in 1870-93. He was first elected to the British Parliament as a Liberal in 1880. He has distinguished himself alike in politics and historical literature, and is best known in the United States for his work on The American commonwealth.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Butler, Benjamin Franklin, 1818-1893 (search)
Butler, Benjamin Franklin, 1818-1893 Lawyer and soldier; born in Deerfield, N. H., Nov. 5, 1818; was graduated at Waterville College, Me., in 1838: was admitted to the bar in 1841; and continued the practice until 1861, with a high reputation as a criminal lawyer. He was an active politician in the Democratic party until its Benjamin Franklin Butler. disruption at Charleston in 1860; and he had served as a member of both Houses of the Massachusetts legislature. As brigadier-general of militia he hastened towards Washington, on the call of the President, with troops, in April, 1861, and landed at Annapolis. He was placed in command of the Department of Annapolis, which included Baltimore (q. v.). At the middle of May he was made major-general of volunteers, and put in command of the Department of Virginia, with headquarters at Fort Monroe, where he held as contraband all fugitive slaves. In August (1861), an expedition which he commanded captured forts Hatteras and Clarke;
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