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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Alexander, James, 1690-1756 (search)
f New York, to which he emigrated from Scotland in 1715, where he was born in 1690. He had fled from Scotland because of his peril there as an adherent of the Young Pretender. He was accompanied by William Smith, afterwards chief-justice of the province and its historian. He was made surveyor-general of New Jersey and New York. was secretary of the latter colony, and attained eminence in the profession of the law. As attorney-general of the province and occupant of other important positions, he became distinguished. He was one of the able counsel who defended the freedom of the press in the person of John Peter Zenger in 1735. Because of the part which he took in that famous trial he was arbitrarily excluded from the bar, but was reinstated in 1737. He was associated with Franklin and others in founding the American Philosophical Society. He was the father of William Alexander, known as Lord Stirling, a general in the Continental army. He died in New York City, April 2. 1756.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Alexander, William, 1726-1783 (search)
Alexander, William, 1726-1783 Called Lord Stirling, military officer: born in New York City in 1726; was a son of Secretary Alexander of Secretary Alexander of New Jersey. His mother was the widow of David Provoost, a wealthy merchant of the city of New York. Attached to the commissariat of the armof the most faithful of Washington's soldiers during the war. William Alexander married a daughter of William Livingston, of New Jersey, and ing. In 1824 he obtained the royal license to assume the name of Alexander, because he had a maternal grandfather of that name, and his dece a great-great-granddaughter of John Alexander, fourth son of William Alexander, the last earl of Stirling, and all intermediate heirs had beoblivion. Many of the original surveys in New Jersey made by William Alexander and his father are now in the possession of the New Jersey Hical Society, and are frequently consulted by lawyers to quiet titles to real estate. William Alexander died in Albany, N. Y., Jan. 15, 1783.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), La Tour, Charles -1656 (search)
a rope around her own neck. D'Aulnay pillaged the fort of all the property, amounting to $50,000, and retreated to Port Royal. La Tour was a ruined man, and wandered in exile on the shores of Newfoundland and in the wilds around the southern shores of Hudson Bay. These disasters broke the heart of his brave wife, and she died. Retributive justice brought about changes in favor of La Tour. Four years after his property was wasted, D'Aulnay died in debt and disgrace. La Tour now came back from the wilderness, vindicated his character before his sovereign, was made lieutenantgovernor of Acadia, and again recovered his fort at St. John. He married the widow of his rival, and inherited his shattered estate, and prosperity once more smiled upon the Huguenot; for his claim to extensive territorial rights in Acadia, by virtue of Sir William Alexander's grant to his father, was recognized in 1656. He soon afterwards died. Acadia had then passed once more into the hands of the English.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Ligonia, province of (search)
Ligonia, province of At about the time of the beginning of the civil war in England, in which Sir Ferdinando Gorges took sides with the King, Alexander Rigby, a republican member of Parliament, purchased the old patent of Ligonia (Maine), and sent out George Cleves to take possession. Cleves had been an agent in that region for Gorges and Sir William Alexander. This claim was resisted by Gorges's agents, and Cleves attempted to gain the assistance of the New England Confederacy by proposing to make Ligonia a member of that alliance. The dispute went on some time, until finally the parliamentary commissioners for plantations confirmed Rigby's title, and the coast of Maine, from the Kennebec to the Saco, was erected into the province of Ligonia, Maine being then restricted to the tract from the Saco to the Piscataqua. See Maine.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Logan, John Alexander 1826-1886 (search)
recorded both in ancient and modern history, that many of the greatest battles have been fought after night marches, and if General Grant will take the pains to examine the history of wars, down to the very present day, he will find this to be true. General Grant doubtless remembers, from his readings, that the Athenian general, Demosthenes, led the Athenians against the Syracusans in the night-time, and was successful after having been defeated in the daytime. He will find, too, that Alexander the Great, prior to the battle of Arbela, made his long march at night, starting at dark and arriving on the high ground overlooking the camp of Darius at daylight. He will also find in the battle of Metaurus, where Nero, Lirius, and Porcius succeeded in taking Hasdrubal, the Carthagenian, marches made by these Romans were successfully made after night. Also his reading will tell him that, at the battle of Saratoga, Colonel Brooks after night turned Burgoyne's right, and Burgoyne had to
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maine, (search)
ompany sent emigrants to settle there, but they did Seal of the State of Maine. not remain long. A French mission established at Mount Desert was broken up by Samuel Argall (q. v.) in 1613, and the next year Captain Smith, landing first at Monhegan Island, explored the coast of Maine. The whole region of Maine, and far southward, westward and eastward, was included in the charter of the Plymouth Company, and in 1621 the company, having granted the country east of the St. Croix to Sir William Alexander (q. v.), established that river as the eastern boundary of Maine. Monhegan Island was first settled (1622) and next Saco (1623); and in 1629 the Plymouth Company, perceiving its own dissolution to be inevitable, parcelled out the territory in small grants. In the course of three years the whole coast had been thus disposed of as far east as the Penobscot River. East of that river was claimed by the French, and was a subject of dispute for a long time. When the Plymouth Company d
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Navy of the United States (search)
000Composite gunboatComp.1,081T. S.6 Marietta1,000Composite gunboatComp.1,054T. S.6 Newport1,000Composite gunboatComp.1,008S.6 Princeton1,000Composite gunboatComp.800S.6 Fourth rate a, Estimatedb, Secondary battery.c, Main battery. Ajaxa7,500CollierS.3,000S.b2 Glaciera7,000Refrigerator-shipS......S.b3 Celtic6,428Supply-shipS.1,890S... Culgoaa6,300Supply-shipS.al,500.... Saturna6,220CollierI.1,500S.b2 Rainbow6,206Distilling-shipS.1,800S... Arethusaa6,200Tank steamerS.....S... Alexander6,181CollierS.1,026S.b2 Iris6,100Distilling-shipS.1,300S... Brutusa6,000CollierS.1,200S.b2 Sterling5,663CollierI.a926S.b2 Caesar5,016CollierS.1,500S.b4 Nero4,925CollierS.1,000S.b4 Nanshana4,827CollierS......... Abarenda4,670CollierS.1,050S.b4 Supply4,460Supply-shipI.1,069S.b2 Marcellusa4,400CollierI.1,200S.b2 Hannibal4,291CollierS.1,100S.b2 Leonidas4,242CollierS.1,100S.b2 Lebanon3,375CollierI......S.b4 Justin3,300CollierS......S.b2 Southerya3,100CollierI......S.b2 Pompeya3,08
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Colony of New Hampshire, (search)
ards a naval commander, and secretary of the Plymouth Council of New England), and others. Mason was a man of action, and well acquainted with all matters pertaining to settlements. He and Gorges obtained a grant of land (Aug. 10, 1622) extending from the Merrimac to the Kennebec, and inland to the St. Lawrence They named the territory the Province of Laconia; and to forestall the French settlements in the east, and secure the country to the Protestants, Gorges secured a grant from Sir William Alexander of the whole mainland eastward of the St Croix River, excepting a small part of Acadia. Mason had already obtained a grant of land (March 2, 1621) extending from Salem to the mouth of the Merrimac, which he called Mariana; and the same year a colony of fishermen seated themselves at Little Harbor, on the Piscataqua, just below the site of Portsmouth. Other fishermen settled on the site of Dover (1623), and there were soon several fishing-stations, but no permanent settlement unti
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Netherland. (search)
lieving they were called by God to make present war on Ninegret, ordered 250 men to be raised for that purpose. The Massachusetts court again interfered, and prevented war. Cromwell, however, sent three ships and a few troops to attack New Netherland, but before they reached America the war with Holland was over, and the expedition, under John Leverett and Robert Sedgwick, proceeded to capture Acadia (q. v.) from La Tour, who laid claim to it because of a grant made to his father by Sir William Alexander. Late in August, 1664, a land and naval armament, commanded by Col. Richard Nicolls, anchored in New Utrecht Bay, just inside of the present Coney Island There Nicolls was joined by Governor Winthrop, of Connecticut, several magistrates of that colony, and two leading men from Boston. Governor Stuyvesant was at Fort Orange (Albany) when news of this armament reached him. He hastened back to New Amsterdam, and on Aug. 30, Nicolls sent to the governor a summons to surrender the for
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Penobscot. (search)
Penobscot. The Company of New France, which had purchased Sir W. Alexander's rights to territory in Nova Scotia through Stephen, Lord of La Tour, in 1630, conveyed the territory on the banks of the river St. John to this nobleman in 1635. Rossellon, commander of a French fort in Acadia, sent a French manof-war to Penobscot and took possession of the Plymouth trading-house there, with all its goods. A vessel was sent from Plymouth to recover the property. The French fortified the place, and were so strongly intrenched that the expedition was abandoned. The Plymouth people never afterwards recovered their interest at Penobscot. The first permanent English occupation of the region of the Penobscot—to which the French laid claim—was acquired in 1759, when Governor Pownall, of Massachusetts, with the consent of the legislature, caused a fort to be built on the western bank of the Penobscot (afterwards Fort Knox), near the village of Prospect, which was named Fort Pownall. An
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