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when Carleton heard of the surrender of Ticon- Chap. LII.} 1775. deroga to Allen and Arnold, he resolved to attempt its recovery. The continental congress had,rd in Montreal, Prescott, a British brigadier, asked the prisoner: Are you that Allen who took Ticonderoga? I am the very man, quoth Allen. Then Prescott, in a greAllen. Then Prescott, in a great rage, called him a rebel and other hard names, and raised his cane. At this Allen shook his fist, telling him: This is the beetle of mortality for you, if you ofAllen shook his fist, telling him: This is the beetle of mortality for you, if you offer to strike. Youshall grace a halter at Tyburn, cried Prescott, with an oath. The wounded, seven in number, entered the hospital; the rest were shackled together in pairs, and distributed among different transports in the river. But Allen, as the chief offender, was chained with leg irons weighing about thirty pounds; thed troublesome. Anxious to relieve St. John's, Carleton, after the capture of Allen, succeeded in assembling about nine hundred Canadians at Montreal; but a want o
Quebec. November—December, 1775. The day before Montgomery entered Montreal, Chap. LIV.} 1775 Nov. Carleton, with more than a hundred regulars and Canadians, embarked on board some small vessels in the port to descend to Quebec. He was detained in the river for several days by contrary winds, and moreover he found the St. Lawrence, near the mouth of the Sorel, guarded by continental troops under Easton. On the seventeenth of November, Prescott, the brigadier who had so lately treated Allen with insolent cruelty, surrendered the flotilla of eleven sail with all the soldiers, sailors, and stores on board; but in the darkest hour of the previous night, Carleton, entering a small boat in the disguise of a peasant, had been safely paddled through the islands that lie opposite the Sorel. Touching as a fugitive at Trois Rivieres, he arrived on the nineteenth at Quebec, where his presence diffused joy and confidence among the loyal. Thus far he had shown great poverty of resources
ofully hysterical. He treated it as a sign of fear; and in his reply, he declared that if the ships of war should make a pretext of his presence to fire on the town, the first house set in flames by their guns should be the funeral pile of some of their best friends; and added, in his rant, that he would chain one hundred Chap. LVIII.} 1776. Feb. of them together by the neck. Both parties appealed to the general congress; and on motion of Edward Rutledge and Duane, Harrison, Lynch, and Allen, were sent from that body with powers of direction. On the first day of February the three envoys met the committee of New York, when John Morin Scott said for himself and his colleagues: Our duty to our constituents and their dignity forbid the introduction of troops without our consent; but we will always obey the orders of congress; and they were satisfied with the assurance, that the troops would be under the control of the committee of the continental congress. On the fourth, Lee en
ile they expressly sanctioned a confederation, and treaties with foreign kingdoms and states, they neither advised nor forbade a declaration of independence, trusting to the ability, prudence, and integrity of their delegates. Now the opinion of the majority of those delegates was notorious; but to remove even a possibility of uncertainty, on the seventh of June, before the question on the new instructions was taken, Dickinson, in the assembly, made a speech, in which he pledged his word to Allen, who was the proprietary chief-justice of the province, and to the whole house, that he and the majority of the delegates would continue to vote against independence. On that same day, and perhaps while Dickinson was speaking in the Pennsylvania assembly, Richard Henry Lee, in the name and with the special authority of Virginia, proposed: That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown,
wooded swamp, above their knees in mire and water; and after a most wearisome struggle of four hours reached an open piece of low ground, where they endeavored to form. Wayne began the attack, and forced an advanced party to run; his companions then pressed forward in column against the breastworks, which covered the main body of the enemy. They displayed undisputed gallantry; but being outnumbered more than three to one, were compelled to retire. To secure time for the retreat, Wayne and Allen, with about five officers and twenty men, sheltered by the dense forest, which hid the paucity of their numbers, kept up a fire from the edge of the swamp for an hour longer, when they also were obliged to fly. Thompson and Irvine, who were separated from the rest of the party, were betrayed by the Canadians; about one hundred and fifty of the fugitives were taken prisoners; the main body, saved, as British officers asserted, by Carleton's want of alertness, and Chap. LXVII.} 1776. June.