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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 6 0 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
f the astrologers, rather than the vulgar and fluctuating term of the populace. It is not insignificant that the word hour occurs but once in the common translation of the Old Testament, sixty-seven times in the New Testament. The weekly period is mentioned in the oldest book in the world (Genesis), and dates from the planting of man upon this sphere. The nomenclature of the days, placing them under the regency of the planets, is ascribed to the Chaldeans by some of the ancients, but Dion Cassius (xxxvii. 18) says, with as great probability, that the Egyptians were the first to refer the days to the seven planets. They used the hebdomadal division for certain religious observances, but also the decades or divisions by tens of days, which is also used by the Chinese. Their twelve hours of day and twelve of night were also each dedicated to a genius called Nau (hour). Night was held to precede day: The evening and the morning were the first day (Gen. i. 5). The Chinese, ancien
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
s referred to by the Emperor Hadrian in a letter to the consul Servianus, thanking him for a present of three curious cups of glass which reflected like a pigeon's neck a variety of colors. Flexible glass is referred to by Pliny, Petronius, Dion Cassius, and others who copied from them. The two former refer to vases made in the time of Tiberius. It is not fully credited. Julius Caesar found the Britons in possession of glass beads, which they probably obtained of the Phoenicians in retoxide of iron, muriate of silver, oxide of zinc, and white clay, impart a yellow tinge; oxide of cobalt, oxide of manganese, and oxide of iron, impart a black tinge. Red oxide of iron prepared by nitric acid and heat imparts red. Purple of Cassius, precipitated from muriate of gold by protomuriate of tin, imparts violet. Oxide, chloride, or phosphate of silver imparts yellow. Peroxide of manganese imparts a shade of violet. Oxides of chromium impart shades of green and red. Ur