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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Andre, John, 1751- (search)
rancor. for which no cause existed, had approved of ten-fold more inhumanity in the acts of his suborninates. One of them wrote to Clinton, I have ordered, in the most positive manner, that every militiaman who has borne arms with us, and afterwards joined the enemy, shall be immediately hanged This included all officers and men, even those, as in South Crolina, where this subaltern was serving, who had been forced into the royal service. This order Clinton approved, and sent it to Secretary Germain. That secretary answered Clinton's letter, saying, The most disaffected will now be convinced that we are note afraid to punish. The order was rigorously executed. Men of great worth and purity were hanged, without the forms of a trial, for bearing arms in defence of their liberty; Andre was hanged, after an impartial trial, for the crime of plotting and abetting a scheme for the enslavement of 3,000,000 people. He deserved his fate according to the laws of war. It was just towards
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carleton, Sir Guy, Lord Dorchester 1724- (search)
caped capture; and at the close of the year he successfully resisted a siege of Quebec by Montgomery. The next spring and summer he drove the Americans out of Canada, and totally defeated the American flotilla in an engagement on Lake Champlain in October. Sir John Burgoyne had been in England during the earlier part of 1777, and managed, by the help of Sir Jeffrey Amherst, to obtain a commission to take command of all the British forces in Canada. To do this he played the sycophant to Germain, and censured Carleton. When Sir John arrived at Quebec (May 6, 1777), Carleton was amazed at despatches brought by him rebuking the governor for his conduct of the last campaign, and ordering him, for the speedy quelling of the rebellion, to make over to Burgoyne, his inferior officer, the command of the Canadian army as soon as it should leave the boundary of the Province of Quebec. The unjust reproaches and the deprivation of his military command greatly irritated Carleton, but, fallin
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Germain, Lord George, Viscount Sackville 1716-1785 (search)
ed with the words, No Lord George Sackville! No Petticoat Government! alluding to the influence of the monarch's mother. He died in England, Aug. 26, 1785. Lord George seemed to take pride an comfort in employing agents who would Lord George Germain. incite the savages of the wilderness to fall on the Americans. He complained of the humanity of Carleton, who, in the autumn of 1776, hesitated to employ the Indians in war; but in Hamilton, governor of Detroit, he found a ready agent ins, and Pottawattomies, with the Senecas, would fall on the scattered settlers on the Ohio and its branches ; and saying of the Americans, Their arrogance, disloyalty, and imprudence has justly drawn upon them this deplorable sort of war. It was Germain and his agents (sometimes unworthy ones) who excited the Indians to scalp and murder the white settlers, without distinction of age or sex, all along the frontier line from New York to Georgia. He reproved every commander who showed signs of me
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), German mercenaries. (search)
German mercenaries. Soon after the opening of the British Parliament in the autumn of 1775, that body, stimulated by Lord North, the premier, and Lord George Germain, secretary for the colonies, and at the suggestion of Admiral Howe, promptly voted 25,000 men for service against the Americans. It was difficult to obtain enlistments in Great Britain, and mercenaries were sought in Germany. At the close of the year, and at the beginning of 1776, bargains were effected between representatives of the British government and the reigning princes of Hesse-Cassel, Hesse-Hanau, Brunswick, Anhalt, Anspach, and Waldeck. In the bargains, the fundamental law of trade—supply and demand—prevailed. The King of England had money, but lacked troops; the German rulers had troops, but wanted money. The bargain was a natural one on business principles; the morality of the transaction was another affair. About 30,000 German troops, most of them well disciplined, were hired. The German rulers w
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Washingtoniana. -1857 (search)
them to Washington, who declined to take any, but caused the immediate arrest of the faithless lifeguardsman, and he was hanged. The horrible plot was revealed, and traced to Tryon as its author. Under the proclamation of the brothers Howe, 2,703 persons in New Jersey, 851 in Rhode Island, and 1,282 in the city of New York and the rural districts subscribed a declaration of fidelity to the British King. Just before the limited time for the operation of this proclamation expired, Lord George Germain issued orders to the Howes not to let the undeserving escape that punishment which is due to their crimes, and which it will be expedient to inflict for the sake of example to futurity. At about the same time Washington issued a proclamation from Morristown, N. J. (Jan. 25, 1777), in the name of the United States, that those who had accepted British protection should withdraw within the enemy's lines, or take the oath of allegiance to the United States of America. There immediatel
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Zionists, (search)
together and help each other. The best course is to colonize Palestine. It will take about $100,000,000 to carry out the work, and the money is to be raised from the Jews themselves. Every Jew in the world is to be asked to contribute at least 25 cents a year. If successful, the association will plant 5,000,000 Jews in Palestine; and each family must be provided with land, horse, cow, and implements of agriculture. The following extract from an official report by United States Consul Germain, in June, 1897, shows what had been quietly accomplished up to that time: The settlements founded by Russian and Rumanian Jewish exiles in the last decade were at first confined to Samarin, to-day called Sichron-Ja'akob, and Rosch-Pinah, in Galilee. Like all new enterprises, this one was subjected to many drawbacks. The colonists, formerly merchants or artisans, were inexperienced in their new occupation, and had no one to advise them. Mistakes in the selection and cultivation of the soi