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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
discharged from the airpump. The feedpumps are supplied with water from this hotwell, through the medium of a pipe, the overplus being discharged through the side of the vessel by another pipe (not shown). Napier's direct-action steam-engine. Penn's marine steam-engine. In Penn's direct-action steamengine, a is the cylinder; b the piston-rod, carrying the cross-head c c; this latter consists of four arms, branching diagonally from the center. On each side two side-rods d d are suspendePenn's direct-action steamengine, a is the cylinder; b the piston-rod, carrying the cross-head c c; this latter consists of four arms, branching diagonally from the center. On each side two side-rods d d are suspended from the extremities of the arms c c of the cross-head, and are attached at the lower end to a cross-bar, in the center of which is a pin, to which the forked end of the arm g of the connecting-rod h is coupled; i i are two guiderods, upon which the bar e slides, the rods passing through brass bushes attached to the side of the bar; k is the crank, and m the side frame; n the slide-case, and p the steam pipe. Di′rect-draft. In steam-boilers, when the hot air and smoke pass off in a sing
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
, and all entire, is less than a troy ounce! The actual weight of the working part of the engines — that is, all excepting the boiler — is just that of a sovereign. One of the tiniest working models in the world is now in the possession of John Penn (of Greenwich), the eminent maker of the great engines of which it is the reduced counterpart. It will stand on an English silver 3 d. piece; it really covers less space, for its base-plate measures only 3/8 of an inch by about 3/10. The engines are of the trunk form introduced by Penn; the cylinders measure 1/8 of an inch in diameter, and the trunk 1/20. The length of stroke is 3/40 of an inch. They are fitted with reversing gear, and are generally similar in design to the great machines with which ships of the Warrior class are equipped. From the extreme smallness of this model a few minutiae — such, for instance, as the air-pumps — have necessarily been omitted; so small are some of the parts, that they require a powerful m
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), O. (search)
nects directly to the crank. It was invented by James Watt, and was brought into use by Maudslay. Watt's model, made at Soho in 1763, was exhibited at the London Exhibition of 1851. Witty of Hull patented the oscillating cylinder in England in 1813. English patent, June 5. Goldsworth Gurney was in some way associated with the improvement of it, and has been credited with the invention. It was introduced by those two famous makers of marine and river engines, Maudslay and Field and Penn and Sons. This engine has a cylinder mounted on gudgeons or trunnions, generally near the middle of its length, on which it is capable of swaying to and fro through a small arc, so as to enable the piston-rod to follow the movements of the crank, to which it is directly attached without the intervention of a connectingrod. This construction is economical of space and weight. The trunnions are hollow, and are connected by steam-tight joints, one with a steam-pipe leading from the boiler
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
Paris 1863 to 18668 days, 12 hours. City of Brussels and others1866 to 18737 days, 20 hours. The following are some of the fastest trips on record: The Daniel drew ran from Yonkers to New York, a distance of 14 1/2 miles, in 35′ 45″, or at a rate of over 25 miles per hour. The Chauncey Vibbard ran from New York to Albany, 160 miles, in 6 hours and 40′. In deep water she averaged 24 miles an hour. The Mahroussee, built in England by Samuda, designed by Lang: oscillating engines by Penn, — obtained a speed on her trial trip of 21 1/2 statute miles an hour. Length, 360 feet; breadth, 42 feet; depth, 29 feet; wheels, 33 feet diameter; tonnage, 3,141; horse-power, 800. An Indian dispatch-boat for the Orissa canals, built by Thornycroft, London, has a length of 87 feet; beam, 12 feet; draft of water, 3 feet 9 inches. The speed contracted for was 20 statute miles per hour. The hull; the working parts of the engines, and the propeller are of Bessemer steel, and the woodwork
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
Machine for winding button-hole twist. Many marine and river engines have three cylinders, and some have two acting at angles of 120° and an air-pump occupying the position of a third steam-cylinder. A favorite arrangement with Maudslay and Penn. Machine for producing variegated thread. The Baxter canal steam-engine has a pair of high-pressure cylinders and a lowerpressure cylinder between the other two. In Willans's threecylinder engine (Fig. 6414), each cylinder is single-actof the cylinder. The pitman passing through the trunk is attached to the end thereof most remote from the crank-shaft, and this end works in guides secured to the cylinder-head Root's trunk-engine. The double-trunk engines constructed by John Penn and Sons, Greenwich, England, for the English iron-clad Hercules, are said to be the largest pair of screw engines ever built. There are two cylinders, each 127 inches in diameter, by 4 feet 6 inches length of stroke of piston; the diameter of
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
esBoxes and ornamental work. King-woodBrazilHard. Turning and small cabinet-work. LaburnumCistisus alpinus, etcEuropeHard. Turnery, etc. LancewoodAnona duquetiaSouth AmericaHard. Springs, archery bows, cues, and fishing-rods. Lancewood (black)Oxandra virgataJamaicaHard. Springs, archery bows, cues, and fishing-rods. LarchLarix europaeaEuropeDurable, Various uses; source of Venice turpentine. Larch (Western)Larix occidentalisOregon(See also Tamarac.) Laurel (mountain)Kalmia latifoliaPenn. & southwardHard, red. Turnery. Leopard-wood or Letter-woodPiratinera guianensisCentral AmericaHard; takes a fine polish. Canes, etc. Lignum vitaeGuiacum officinaleW. IndiesHard, Pestles, mortars, turnery, sheaves, bowls, rulers. Name of Tree.Botanical Name.Native Place, or where chiefly grown.Qualities, Uses, etc. Lignum vitaeGuiacum sanctumS. FloridaHard, dark. Turnery and ornamental. LimeTilia europaeaEuropeClose-grained. Carving, hoops, turnery, etc. Linden (Linn, bass-woodTil