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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
losed at its upper end, with the exception of an aperture, through which passes a pipe connecting the pile with a receiver. The receiver communicates with an airpump, and by exhausting the air when the pile is in position over the spot where it is to be sunk, it is caused to penetrate the bottom; the mud, sand, or other deposits through which it passes being withdrawn and discharged into the receiver, while the pile is forced down by atmospheric pressure. This method was patented by Dr. L. H. Potts in 1843, and through its means piles were secured in the hard bottom of the Goodwin Sands, off the coast of Kent, England, after passing through 75 feet of sand. The pile is filled with concrete, and the inventor also proposed the injection of chemical solutions at its foot to consolidate the sand and form a firmer foundation. b. A caisson with a means of excluding water, so that excavations may be carried on in the submerged end. It was first used in France. A mode of sinking