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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
y Roger Bacon. Spectacles were in use A. D. 1200. The double microscope was invented by Farncelli in 1624. Dr. Hooke (1635 – 1702) made microscopes of a sphere of glass, from 1/20 to 1/50 of an inch in diameter. Having made and polished his lens, he placed it against a small hole in a thin piece of metal and fixed it with wax. Leuwenhoeck's microscopes, 26 in number, which he presented to the Royal Society, have each a doubleconvex lens. Their powers were from 40 to 160. Comes Mr. Reeve, with a microscope and a scotoscope. For the first I did give him £ 5 10 s., a great price, but a most curious bawble it is. — Pepys's Diary, 1664. Stephen Gray's poor-man's microscope, 1696, was merely a drop of water suspended at the end of a wire or pin. A piece of perforated cardboard or sheet-metal affords a better means of holding the drop of water, whose rounded surfaces give it the properties of a lens. By fusing in the flame of a spirit-lamp a small piece of glass contained
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
o assist in writing in the dark or without seeing. Sco′to-scope. An optical instrument by which objects may be discerned in the dark. The scotoscope he [Mr. Reeve] gives me, and is of value; and a curious curiosity it is to discover objects in a dark room with. — Pepys's. Diary, 1664. Scots′man. （Nautical.) See Sco.)2,580DrewApr. 30, 1867. (Reissue.)2,906BallouMar. 31, 1868. 89,357SwartwoutApr. 27, 1869. 90,507CrosbyMay 25, 1869. 94,134RichardsonAug. 24, 1869. 94,976Reeve et al.Sept. 21, 1869. 97,518KeithDec. 7, 1869. 97,611CutlanDec. 7, 1869. 98,151CrosbyDec. 21, 1869. 106,012WickershamAug. 2, 1870. 107,155BlakeSept. 6, 1870. mithMar. 10, 1874. 150,533CraneMay 5, 1874. 152,041LoomisJune 16, 1874. 154,117BlakeAug. 18, 1874. 156,933MangusNov. 17, 1874. 22. Spools and Bobbins. 126,332ReeveApr. 30, 1872. 135,125JuengstJan. 21, 1873. 136,282ThayerFeb. 25, 1873. 23. Stitches. 16,120JohnsonNov. 25, 1856. 17,255BosworthMay 12, 1857. 23,984McCurdyMa
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
s History of the Inductive Sciences :— If we endeavor to augment the optical power of this instrument, we run, according to the path we take, into various inconveniences, — distortion, confusion, want of light, or colored images. Distortion and confusion are produced if we increase the magnifying power, retaining the length and the aperture of the object-glass. If we diminish the aperture, we suffer from loss of light. What remains, then, is to increase the focal length. Comes Mr. Reeve with a twelve-foot glasse. Up to the top of the house, and then we endeavoured to see the moon, and Saturn, and Jupiter, but the heavens proved cloudy. — Pepys's Diary, 1668. The May-pole which stood close to the site of the church of St. Mary-le-strand was begged in 1717 by Sir Isaac Newton, and removed to Wanstead, where it was used in raising the largest telescope then known. — pennant's London. Telescopes are of two kinds, reflecting (or catoptric) and refracting (or dioptr