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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bull Run, battles of. (search)
Bull Run, battles of. The gathering of Confederate troops at Manassas Junction (q. v.) required prompt and vigorous movements for the defence of Washington, D. C. Beauregard was there with the main Confederate army, and Gen. J. E. Johnston was at Winchester, in the Shenandoah Valley, with a large body of troops, with which he might reinforce the former. Gen. Robert Patterson was at Martinsburg with 18,000 Nationals to keep Johnston at Winchester. Gen. Irvin McDowell was in command of the Department of Virginia, with his headquarters at Arlington House; and, at about the middle of July, 1861, he was ordered to move against the Confederates. With 20,000 troops he marched from Arlington Heights (July 16), for the purpose of flanking the Confederate right wing. A part of his troops under General Tyler had a severe battle with them at Blackburn's Ford (July 18), and were repulsed (see Blackburn's Ford, battle of). McDowell found he could not flank the Confederates, so he proceede
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Civil War in the United States. (search)
t locomotives, valued at $400,000, belonging to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, were destroyed by the Confederates at Martinsburg, Va.—July 11. The United States Senate expelled from that body James M. Mason, R. M. T. Hunter, T. L. Clingman, Thomaepresentatives.—12. General Hunter declares all the slaves in Fort Pulaski and on Cockspur Island free. Engagement at Martinsburg, Va.—15. Confederates cut the levee on the Arkansas side of the Mississippi, near Fort Wright, causing an immense desConfederate steamer Oreto ran the blockade into Mobile Harbor.—6. Confederate cavalry attacked the Union outposts at Martinsburg, Va., and were repulsed.—8. General Pope relieved of the command of the Army of Virginia, and assigned to that of the Noross the Potomac and attack the Confederates. National soldiers crossed at Shepherdstown and drove the Confederates to Martinsburg. The Western gunboat fleet transferred from the War to the Navy Department. National naval and military expeditio
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maryland, State of. (search)
mmand over to General Crook, returned to Washington. Meanwhile General Averill, with a considerable force, moved towards Winchester, and near that place he fought the Confederates, July 20, three hours. They lost 400 men (about 200 of them made prisoners), with four guns. Averill's loss was about 200. It was supposed Early was moving up the valley, but Crook, marching from Harper's Ferry to Winchester, soon afterwards encountered him in heavy force, and he was driven back, July 23, to Martinsburg, with a loss of 1,200 men. Early sent 3,000 cavalry, under General McCausland, to make a plundering and devastating raid in the direction of the Susquehanna. They swept over the country in eccentric lines, bewildering its defenders, and on July 30 entered the defenseless and partly deserted village of Chambersburg, Pa., and demanded of the inhabitants $200,000 in gold or $500,000 in greenbacks (paper currency) as a tribute to insure the town against destruction. The tribute was not offe
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Shenandoah Valley, chronology of the operations in the (search)
4 Confederate cavalry approach BaltimoreJuly 10, 1864 On the 11th Early is within 6 or 7 miles of Washington, and menaces the capital on the 12th, but retires on the 13th. The 19th Corps (Emory's), arriving at Fortress Monroe from Louisiana, and the 6th Corps from before Petersburg, sent by Grant under Wright to attack Early, pursue him some distance up the valley, and return to Leesburg, and are ordered back to Petersburg. Early returns as soon as the pursuit ceases; strikes Crook at Martinsburg, defeats him, and holds the Potomac from Shepardstown to Williamsport, Early now sends B. R. Johnston and McCausland with some 3,000 cavalry on a raid into PennsylvaniaJuly 30, 1864 Approaching Chambersburg, Pa., they demand $100,000, which is not paid, and burn the townJuly 30, 1864 Sixth and 19th Corps, on their way to Petersburg, return. Grant relieves General Hunter, organizes the army of the middle division, and gives the command to SheridanAug. 7, 1864 Sheridan attacks and defe
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stribling, Cornelius Kinchiloe 1796-1880 (search)
Stribling, Cornelius Kinchiloe 1796-1880 Naval officer; born in Pendleton, S. C., Sept. 22, 1796; became a midshipman in 1812. He was assigned to the captured British vessel Macedonian, on her arrival at New York, Jan. 1, 1813; became a lieutenant in 1818, commander in 1840, captain in 1853, commodore in 1862, and rear-admiral on the retired list in 1866. During a long life, Admiral Stribling was ever active in the service, most of the time afloat. From 1850 to 1853 he was superintendent of the Naval Academy at Annapolis; commanded the East India Squadron from 1859 to 1861; the Philadelphia navy-yard, 1863-64; the Eastern Gulf blockading squadron, 1864-65, and was a member of the light-house board from 1867 to 1871. He died in Martinsburg, Va., Jan. 17, 1880.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), United States of America. (search)
elphia for an extended European tour......May 17, 1877 John L. Motley, historian, born 1814, dies at Dorsetshire, England......May 29, 1877 Ten Molly Maguires hanged, six at Pottsville, and four at Mauch Chunk, Pa.......June 21, 1877 Civil service order issued by President Hayes: No officer should be required or permitted to take part in the management of political organizations or election campaigns ......June 22, 1877 Strike on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad begins at Martinsburg, W. Va.......July 16, 1877 Proclamations of President against domestic violence in West Virginia (dated July 18), in Maryland (July 21), and Pennsylvania......July 23, 1877 Armed band of Mexican outlaws forcibly release two notorious criminals, Esproneda and Garza, from jail in Rio Grande City, Tex., escaping to Mexico......Aug. 12, 1877 Brigham Young, born 1801, dies at Salt Lake City......Aug. 29, 1877 War with the Nez Perces Indians breaks out in Idaho, June 15; closed by surre
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), West Virginia, state of (search)
d completes its labors, April 9, 1872; ratified by the people......Aug. 22, 1872 Legislature meets at Wheeling as temporary seat of government by act of Feb. 20, 1875......Nov. 10, 1875 Strike on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad begun at Martinsburg......July 16, 1877 At election held by act of Feb. 21, 1877, to locate the State capital after May 1, 1885, Charleston has 41,288 votes, Clarksburg, 30,812; Martinsburg, 8,049......Aug. 7, 1877 Nathan Goff, Jr., appointed Secretary of thMartinsburg, 8,049......Aug. 7, 1877 Nathan Goff, Jr., appointed Secretary of the Navy......Jan. 6, 1881 Act striking the word white out of the Woods jury law of 1872-73......1881 Act passed establishing a State board of health......June 11, 1881 West Virginia normal and classical academy at Buckhannon opened......1882 West Virginia Immigration and Development Association organized at Wheeling......Feb. 29, 1888 Returns of election for governor in November, 1888, were: Nathan Goff, Republican, 78,714; A. B. Fleming, Democrat, 78,604. Fleming contests for fr
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Winchester, battles of (search)
h sexes, firing from windows and throwing hand-grenades, hot water, and every sort of missile. Late in the afternoon the wearied and battle-worn troops reached Martinsburg, rested a few hours, and then pushed on 12 miles to the Potomac, opposite Williamsport. Before midnight a thousand camp-fires were blazing on the slopes overlooking the river. The pursuit was abandoned at Martinsburg. Within forty-eight hours after hearing of Kenly's disaster, Banks, with his little army, had marched 53 miles and fought several skirmishes and one severe battle. After menacing Harper's Ferry, where General Saxton was in command, Jackson beat a hasty retreat up the valles east of Winchester. Sheridan watched his antagonist closely, and when, on Sept. 18, Early weakened his lines by sending half his army on a reconnaissance to Martinsburg (which Averill repulsed), Sheridan put his forces under arms, and, at 3 A. M. on Sept. 19, they were in motion towards Winchester, Wilson's cavalry leading, fo