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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bryant, William Cullen, 1794-1878 (search)
strive the foul disgrace to hide. Go, wretch, resign the Presidential chair, Disclose thy secret measures, foul or fair; Go. search with curious eye for horned frogs 'Mid the wild wastes of Louisiana bogs, Or, where Ohio rolls his turbid stream, Dig for huge bones, thy glory and thy theme. He wrote the poem Thanatopsis when he was in his nineteenth year. In 1810 he entered Williams College, but did not graduate. He was admitted to the bar in 1815, and practised some time in western Massachusetts. His first collection of poems was published in 1821, and this volume caused his immediate recognition as a poet of great merit. In 1825 Mr. Bryant became an associate editor of the New York Review. In 1826 he became connected with the New York Evening post, and continued its editor until his William Cullen Bryant. death. Meanwhile he contributed to literary publications. He made visits to Europe in 1834, 1845, 1849, and 1858-59, and in the intervals visited much of his own co
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bull Run, battles of. (search)
ordered Johnston to hasten from the valley, and reinforce Beauregard. This was done at noon (July 20) with 6,000 fresh troops. Hunter's column crossed Bull Run at Sudley Church, led by General Burnside, with Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts troops. Soon after crossing, it encountered the Confederates, and a battle ensued in open fields. The batteries of Griffin and Reynolds were brought to bear by the Nationals. Only a small stream in a little vale separated the combatants. Griffin advanced with their troops, and planted their batteries on an elevation that commanded the whole plateau, with the immediate support of Ellsworth's Fire Zouaves, commanded by Colonel Farnham. To the left of these batteries, New York, Massachusetts, and Minnesota troops took a position. As the artillery and the Zouaves were advancing, they were suddenly attacked on the flank by Alabamians in ambush, and then by Stuart's Black Horse Cavalry in the rear, and the Zouaves recoiled. At th
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bunker Hill, battle of. (search)
, except Samuel Adams and John Hancock. At that time the New England army before Boston numbered about 16,000 men, divided into thirty-six regiments, of which Massachusetts furnished twenty-seven, and the other three New England colonies three each. John Whitcomb, a colonel in the French and Indian War, and Joseph Warren, presides completely blockaded Boston on the land side, and effectively held the British troops as prisoners on the peninsula. Gen. Artemas Ward, the military head of Massachusetts, was regarded, by common consent, as the commander-in-chief of this New England army. The Americans had thrown up only a few breastworks — a small redoubt at ome breastworks at the foot of Prospect Hill, in Cambridge. The right wing of the besieging army, under Gen. John Thomas, was at Roxbury, consisting of 4,000 Massachusetts troops, four artillery companies, a few fieldpieces, and some heavy cannon. The Rhode Island forces were at Jamaica Plain, under General Greene, with a regime
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burke, Edmund, 1730-1797 (search)
ial. Pursuing the same plan of punishing by the denial of the exercise of government to still greater lengths, we wholly abrogated the ancient government of Massachusetts. We were confident that the first feeling, if not the very prospect of anarchy, would instantly enforce a complete submission. The experiment was tried. A n Ideas of prudence and accommodation to circumstances prevent you from taking away the charters of Connecticut and Rhode Island, as you have taken away that of Massachusetts colony, though the crown has far less power in the two former provinces than it enjoys in the latter; and though the abuses have been full as great, and as flame reasons of prudence and accommodation have weight with me in restoring the charter of Massachusetts Bay. Besides, sir, the act which changes the charter of Massachusetts is in many particulars so exceptionable. that if I did not wish absolutely to repeal, I would by all means desire to alter it; as several of its provisions te
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burnet, William, 1688- (search)
Colonial governor; born at The Hague, Holland, in March, 1688, when William of Orange (afterwards William III. of England) became his godfather at baptism; was a son of Bishop Burnet; became engaged in the South Sea speculations, which involved him pecuniarily, and, to retrieve his fortune, he received the appointment of governor of the colonies of New York and New Jersey. He arrived in New York in September, 1720. Becoming unpopular there, he was transferred to the governments of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. He arrived at Boston in July, 1728, and was received with unusual pomp. This show he urged in his speech as a proof of their ability to give a liberal support to his government, and acquainted them with the King's instructions to him to insist upon an established salary, and his intention to adhere to it. The Assembly at once took an attitude of opposition to the governor. They voted him £ 1,700 to enable him to manage public affairs, and to defray his expenses in g
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Butler, Benjamin Franklin, 1818-1893 (search)
e was placed in command of the Department of Virginia and North Carolina, and his force was designated the Army of the James. After an unsuccessful expedition against Fort Fisher, in December, 1864, General Butler retired to his residence in Massachusetts. He was elected to Congress in 1866, and was one of the principal managers of the House of Representatives in conducting the impeachment of President Johnson. He was a Republican Congressman until 1875, and again in 1877-79. In 1883 he was Democratic governor of Massachusetts, and in 1884 the People's party candidate for President. He died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 11, 1893. Farewell address in New Orleans. As before stated, General Butler was superseded by General Banks in December, 1862. The latter assumed command of the army and department of the Gulf on the 16th, and the same day, after having formally relinquished the command, General Butler issued the following public address: Citizens of New Orleans,--It may
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cabinet, President's (search)
ment. The first to fill this office was Thomas Ewing, of Ohio. The Post-office Department was established May 8, 1794. It has the supervision of all the post-offices of the country, their Seal of the post-office Department. names, the establishment and discontinuance of post-offices, the modes of carrying the mails, the issue of stamps, the receipt of the revenue of the office, and all other matters connected with the management and transportation of the mails. Samuel Osgood, of Massachusetts, was the first to fill this office. The duties of the head of this department have now a scope that would amaze the ghost of the first official appointed, could he be permitted to revisit the scene of his earthly labors. In addition to the enormous and varied detail of labors connected with mail transportation here supervised, a series of maps of all parts of the country are kept, and continually revised to secure their entire accuracy to date. The condition of this Seal of the Depa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Calhoun, John Caldwell 1782-1850 (search)
ution for the United States of America, used in its conclusion. Taken together, they insist, in the first place, that we, the people, mean the people in their individual character, as forming a single community; and that the United States of America designates them in their aggregate character as the American people. In maintaining this construction, they rely on the omission to enumerate the States by name, after the word people (so as to make it read, We, the people of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, &c., as was done in the articles of the confederation, and, also, in signing the Declaration of Independence); and, instead of this, the simple use of the general term United States. However plausible this may appear, an explanation perfectly satisfactory may be given, why the expression, as it now stands, was used by the framers of the Constitution, and why it should not receive the meaning attempted to be placed upon it. It is conceded that, if the enumeration of the States after
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cambridge (search)
Cambridge City, and one of the county seats of Middlesex county. Mass., separated from Boston by the Charles River; was founded in 1631 under the name of Newtown; and is noted as the place where Washington took command of the Continental army on July 2, 1775; as the seat of Harvard University (q. v.); and as the place where the sons of Alvan Clark carry on the manufacture of astronomical instruments which have a world-wide reputation. In 1900 the city had a total assessed valuation of taxable property of $94,467,930, and the net city and water debt was $6,226,182. The population in 1890 was 70,028; in 1900, 91,886. The second Synod of Massachusetts met at Cambridge in 1646, and was not dissolved until 1648. The synod composed and adopted a system of church discipline called The Cambridge platform, and recommended it, together with the Westminster Confession of Faith, to the general court and to the churches. The latter, in New England, generally complied with the recomme
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cambridge platform. (search)
Cambridge platform. The second Synod of Massachusetts met at Cambridge in 1646, and was not dissolved until 1648. The synod composed and adopted a system of church discipline called The Cambridge platform, and recommended it, together with the Westminster Confession of Faith, to the general court and to the churches. The latter, in New England, generally complied with the recommendation, and The Cambridge platform, with the ecclesiastical laws, formed the theological constitution of the New England colonies.
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