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rime Minister; but it was the King, who from this time controlled the Cabinet and managed affairs. His influence was adverse to the cause of European Liberty, which, nevertheless, continued to grow in strength. Men are opening their eyes, said Voltaire, Voltaire to d'alembert, 4 June, 1767. from one end of Europe to the other. Fanaticism, which feels its humiliation and implores the arm of authority, makes the involuntary confession of its defeat. Let us bless this happy revolution which Voltaire to d'alembert, 4 June, 1767. from one end of Europe to the other. Fanaticism, which feels its humiliation and implores the arm of authority, makes the involuntary confession of its defeat. Let us bless this happy revolution which has taken place in the minds of men of probity within fifteen or twenty years. It has exceeded my hopes. That a greater change hung over America could not escape the penetration of Jonathan Trumbull, the Deputy Governor of Connecticut. He was a perfect model of the virtues of a rural magistrate, never weary of business, profoundly religious, grave in his manners, calm and discriminating in judgment, fixed in Chap. XXIX.} 1767. June. his principles, steadfast in purpose, and by his ability
ard, 16 February, 1768. encomiums on Bernard, praising his own justice and lenity, and lauding the King as the tender and affectionate father of all his subjects, the superior discernment of Choiseul was aware of the importance of the rising controversy; and that he might unbosom his thoughts with freedom, he appointed to the place of ambassador in England his own most confidential friend, the Count du Chatelet, Du Chatelet to Choiseul, 13 Feb. 1768. son of the celebrated woman with whom Voltaire had been intimately connected. The new diplomatist was a person of quick perceptions, daring courage as a statesman, and perfect knowledge of the world; and he was, also, deeply imbued with the liberal principles of the French philosophy of his age. The difficulty respecting taxation was heightened Chap. XXXII.} 1768. Feb. by personal contentions, which exasperated members of the Legislature of Massachusetts. The House Bradford, 117, 118. Shelburne to Bernard, 17 Sept. 1767, rece
le not yet twenty years old, entered as king. When, on the tenth of May, 1774, he and the still younger Marie Antoinette were told that his grandfather was no more, they threw themselves on their knees, crying, We are too young to reign; and prayed God to direct their inexperience. The city of Paris was delirious with joy at their accession. It is our paramount wish to make our people happy, was the language of the first edict of the new absolute prince. He excels in writing prose, said Voltaire, on reading the words of promise; he seems inspired by Marcus Aurelius; he desires what is good and does it. Happy they, who, like him, are but twenty years old, and will long enjoy the sweets of his reign. Caron de Beaumarchais, the sparkling dramatist and restless plebeian adventurer, made haste to solicit the royal patronage of his genius for intrigue. Is there, said he through De Sartine, the head of the police, any thing which the king wishes to know alone and at Chap. I.} 1774. M
ne was conferred on Turgot, whose name was as yet little known at Paris, and whose artlessness made him even less dangerous as a rival than Vergennes. I am told he never goes to mass, said the king, doubtingly, and yet consented to the appointment. In five weeks, Turgot so won upon his sovereign's good will, that he was transferred to the ministry of finance. This was the wish of all the philosophers; of D'Alembert, Condorcet, Bailly, La Harpe, Marmontel, Thomas, Condillac, Morellet, and Voltaire. Nor of them alone. Turgot, said Malesherbes, has the heart of L'Hopital, and the head of Bacon. His purity, moreover, gave him clearsightedness and distinctness of purpose. At a moment when everybody confessed that reform was essential, it seemed a national benediction that Chap. VII.} 1774. July. a youthful king should intrust the task of amendment to a statesman, who preserved his purity of nature in a libertine age, and joined unquestioned probity to comprehensive intelligence and
house of Hesse had ever proudly regarded itself as a bulwark; but he piqued himself on having disburdened his mind of the prejudices of the vulgar; sought to win Voltaire's esteem by doubting various narratives in the Bible; and scoffed alike at the Old Testament and the New. In his view, Calvinism had died out even in Geneva; andlustreless eye, and imbrowned and yellowing skin showed that the beauty of the race suffered for a generation from the avarice of their prince. In a letter to Voltaire, the landgrave, announcing his contribution of troops, expressed his zeal to learn the difficult principles of the art of governing men, and of making them perceive that all which their ruler does is for their special good. He wrote also a catechism for princes, in which Voltaire professed to find traces of a pupil of the king of Prussia: Do not attribute his education to me, answered the great Frederick: were he a graduate of my school, he would never have turned Catholic, and would nev
Human nature. --For the benefit of the people of the present day, we make the following extract from volume three, Macaulay's History of England: It is the nature of man to overrate present evil, and to underrate present good; to long for what he has not, and to be dissatisfied with what he has. This propensity, as it appears in individuals, has often been noticed both by laughing and weeping philosophers. It was a favorite theme both of Horace and Pascal, of Voltaire and of Johnson. To its influence on the late of great communities may be ascribed most of the revolutions and counter-revolutions recorded in history. * * Down to the present hour, rejoicing like those on the shore of the Red Sea have ever been speedily followed by murmuring at the waters of Strife. The most just and salutary revolution cannot produce all the good that has been expected from it by men of uninstructed minds and sanguine tempers. Even the wisest cannot, while it is still recent, weigh qu
the world, and that He hears and answers the prayers of the penitent and believing. Most men believe something, infidels being generally the most credulous, and sometimes superstitions, of all, Spiritualism has enlisted most of its multitudinous disciples from men who could not credit the Bible. That great light of atheism. Hobbes, who professed not to believe in God, had such an abiding conviction of the devil that he did not dare to go to sleep without a candle burning by his bedside. Voltaire, who mocked at the faiths and superstitions of all mankind, was thrown into terror on hearing the cries of rooks on his left, when in the country. Rousseau and other eminent unbelievers had as great and even greater capacity of believing things the most irrational and absurd. It is only men of this stamp and their feeble imitators who derides the sublime faith of the Christian, and profess themselves unable to discover any Creator or Governor of mankind but Chance. But however much a
Dr. F. C. Baur, the famous German Pantheist, died in Berlin recently. He was considered a much more powerful and dangerous opponent of the Christian religion than Voltaire. On his death-bed he renounced his previous belief and prayed formerly. The Memphis Bulletin informs us that Brig.-Gen. M. Jeff. Thompson, Col. John Q. Burbridge, and a number of other Confederate officers, have been sent to Johnson's Island, Gen. Bragg, in a speech to some of his troops a few days since, intimated that the army would not remain idle long.
ld provide privately for their support. "The bust of Mr. Jefferson, which stood in the hall on a fluted Corinthian pedestal, brought only $50, and will still retain its place, as Mr. Ficklin repurchased it. The piano- forte brought $5,000; sideboard, with marble top, $510; the model of the United States frigate Vandalia was bought by J. P. Levy for $100; a washstand, $200; cows, from $500 to $900 each; yoke of oxen, $2,500; shoats, from $80 to $100; threshing machine, $600. The bust of Voltaire was sold, but what it brought I do not know; it was said to have been Mr. Jefferson's. --The amount of sales was $350,000. "In one of the rooms in the upper story was the body of a chair or one-horse sulkey which Mr. Jefferson used to ride in from Monticello to Philadelphia when he was Secretary of State. Standing in front of the house, a piece of land of two hundred acres was pointed out to me by Mr. Randolph, which Mr. Jefferson purchased for a bowl of punch, and several hundred acr
necdote: "My mother (the Countess de Segur) being asked by Voitaire respecting her health, told him that the most painful feeling she had arose from the decay of her stomach, and the difficulty of finding any kind of aliment that it could bear. Voltaire, by way of consolation, assured her that he was once for nearly a year in the same state, and believed to be incurable; but that, nevertheless, a very simple remedy had restored him. It consisted in taking no other nourishment than yolks of eggs beaten up with the flour of potatoes and water. "--Though this circumstance took place as far back as fifty years ago, and respected so extraordinary a personage as Voltaire, it is astonishing how little it is known, and how rarely the remedy has been practised. Its efficacy, however, in cases of debility, cannot be questioned, and the following is the mode of preparing this valuable article of food, as recommended by Sir John Sinclair: Receipt — Beat up an egg in a bowl and then add six table