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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gorton, Samuel 1600-1677 (search)
rgyman; born in England about 1600; was a clothier in London, and embarked for Boston in 1636, where he soon became entangled in teleological disputes and removed to Plymouth. There he preached such heterodox doctrines that he was banished as a heretic in the winter of 1637-38. With a few followers he went to Rhode Island, where he was publicly whipped for calling the magistrates just-asses, and other rebellious acts. In 1641 he was compelled to leave the island. He took refuge with Roger Williams at Providence, but soon made himself so obnoxious there that he escaped public scorn by removing (1642) to a spot on the west side of Narraganset Bay, where he bought land of Miantonomoh and planted a settlement. The next year inferior sachems disputed his title to the land; and, calling upon Massachusetts to assist them, an armed force was sent to arrest Gorton and his followers, and a portion of them were taken to Boston and tried as damnable heretics. For a while they endured confin
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Guild, Reuben Aldridge 1822- (search)
Guild, Reuben Aldridge 1822- Author; born in West Dedham, Mass., May 4, 1822; graduated at Brown University in 1847, and served there as librarian for forty-six years. His publications include Life and journals of chaplain Smith; Life of Roger Williams; Early history of Brown University; Documentary history of Brown University, etc.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hendrick, (search)
Hendrick, Mohawk chief; born about 1680; was son of a Mohegan chief, and married Hunnis, a Mohawk maiden, daughter of a chief. He was a leading spirit in that nation, wise in council and eloquent in speech. He attended the colonial con- Hendrick. vention at Albany in 1754, and in 1755 joined Gen. William Johnson with 200 Mohawk warriors, at the head of Lake George. In company with Colonel Williams, he and his followers were ambushed at Rocky Brook, near Lake George, and he was slain, Sept. 8, 1755.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massachusetts, (search)
r each indentured servant he carried with him. The charter and the government were soon transferred from England to Massachusetts, and a large emigration ensued in 1629-30. Late in 1634, while Dudley was governor, John Endicott, incited by Roger Williams, caused the red cross of St. George to be cut out of the military standard of England used at Salem, because he regarded it as a relic of Anti-Christ, it having been given by the pope to a former king of England as an ensign of victory. He hthe laws should be taken from the Scriptures rather than on the authority of the wisdom and justice of those heathen commonwealths. The Body of liberties compiled by Mr. Ward was really the first constitution of Massachusetts Bay. In 1651 Roger Williams and John Clarke were appointed agents to seek in England a confirmation of the Rhode Island charter. Before their departure, Mr. Clarke, with Mr. Crandall and Obadiah Holmes, delegates from the Baptist Church in Newport, visited an aged Ba
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massasoit, 1580- (search)
ow the King could live without a wife (for the Queen was then dead). Massasoit had just returned home, and had no food to offer the envoys, who craved rest by sleep. He laid us, wrote one of them, on a bed with himself and his wife—they at the one end and we at the other; it being only planks laid a foot from the ground, and a thin mat upon them. Two more of his chief men, for want of room, pressed by and upon us, so that we were more wearied of our lodging than of our journey. In 1623, when Massasoit was very sick, Winslow again visited him, and, in gratitude for the attention of the Englishman, the sachem revealed a plot of the Indians to destroy the white people. Thirteen years later, when Roger Williams, banished from Massachusetts, was making his way towards Narraganset Bay, he was kindly entertained by Massasoit for several weeks. A contemporary writer says the Wampanoag king was a portly man in his best years; grave of countenance and spare of speech. He left two son
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Merriman, Titus Mooney 1822- (search)
Merriman, Titus Mooney 1822- Clergyman; born in Charleston, P. Q., Canada, April 23, 1822; graduated at Canada Baptist College, Montreal, in 1844; and ordained in the Baptist Church. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1882. His publications include Trail of history; Pilgrims, Puritans, and Roger Williams vindicated; Historical system, etc.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Narraganset Indians, (search)
anonicus, sent a bundle of arrows tied with a snake-skin to Governor Bradford, of Plymouth, indicating his hostility. Bradford returned the skin filled with gunpowder. Canonicus was alarmed, and remained peaceable, especially after banished Roger Williams won their good — will by his kindness. They accompanied Massachusetts troops against the Pequods in 1637, and in 1644 ceded their lands to the British King. The Narragansets having violated the terms of a treaty made in 1644, the New Englane union or confederation, sent messengers to the offending Indians requiring their appearance at Boston. At first they treated the messengers kindly, but finally declared that they would not have peace until they received the head of Uncas. Roger Williams warned the congress that the Narragansets would suddenly break out against the English, whereupon that body drew up a declaration justifying them in making war on the recusant Indians. They determined to raise 300 men at once. The news of t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Pequod War, the (search)
Captain Gardiner to chastise them. With a small military force in three vessels they entered Long Island Sound. They killed some Indians at Block Island, and left the domain a blackened desolation. Then they went over to the mainland, made some demands which they could not enforce; desolated fields, burned wigwams, killed a few people, and departed. The exasperated Pequods sent ambassadors to the Narraganset's urging them to join in a war of extermination. Through the influence of Roger Williams, who rendered good for evil, the Narragansets were not only kept from joining the Pequods, but became allies of the English in making war upon them. All through the next winter the Pequods harassed the settlements in the Connecticut Valley, and in the spring of 1637 the colonists determined to make war upon the aggressors. They had slain more than thirty Englishmen. Massachusetts sent troops to assist the Connecticut people. The English were joined by the Mohegans under Uncas, and th
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Peters, Hugh 1599- (search)
Peters, Hugh 1599- Clergyman; born in Fowey, Cornwall, England, in 1599; was both a clergyman and politician, and after imprisonment for non-conformity he went to Rotterdam, where he preached several years. He came to New England in 1635, succeeded Roger Williams as pastor at Salem, and excommunicated his adherents. In politics and commerce he was equally active. In 1641 he sailed for England, to procure an alteration in the navigation laws, and had several interviews with Charles I. He preached to and commanded a regiment of Parliamentary troops in Ireland in 1649, and afterwards held civil offices. After the restoration he was committed to the Tower, and on Oct. 16, 1660, was beheaded for high treason, as having been concerned in the death of Charles 1. He wrote a work called A good work for a good magistrate, in 1651, in which he recommended burning the historical records in the Tower.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Quakers. (search)
sed their repeal in 1661, when the fanaticism of both parties subsided and a more Christian spirit prevailed. In Virginia, laws almost as severe as those in Massachusetts were enacted against the Quakers. In Maryland, also, where religious toleration was professed, they were punished as vagabonds who persuaded people not to perform required public duties. In Rhode Island they were not interfered with, and those who sought martyrdom did not go there. Some of them who did so disgusted Roger Williams that he tried to argue them out of the colony. In September, 1656, the authorities of Massachusetts addressed to President Arnold, of Rhode Island, an urgent letter, protesting against the toleration of Quakers allowed there, and intimating that, unless it was discontinued, it would be resented by total non-intercourse. There was then very little sympathy felt for the Quakers in Rhode Island, but the authorities refused to persecute them, and Coddington and others afterwards joined t
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