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A. P. Hill (search for this): chapter 13
position on the left and rear of the 2d; and Wilson's and Kautz's cavalry were then sent to cut the Weldon and Southside railroads. General Lee divined the intention of the enemy, and countermovements were immediately ordered to thwart his purpose. By some misunderstanding between the Federal officers commanding this expedition, the 2d Corps became separated from the 6th, thereby leaving a wide gap between them, which exactly served the purpose of the Confederate movement; for part of A. P. Hill's corps, rapidly marching in columns by brigades, came up with its usual alacrity and occupied this interval. The attack on the left of the 2d Corps was so vigorous that Barlow's division gave way in disorder; so did Mott's, soon afterwards. The Confederate troops now struck Gibbon on the flank and rear, carried his intrenchments, and captured a battery and several entire regiments of his command. Barlow and Mott; also lost several hundred prisoners. Gibbon's intrenchments were held by
B. R. Johnson (search for this): chapter 13
and execution. About the same time the battery on the left of the ravine, a short distance in rear of Ransom's brigade, did great execution and fired about six hundred shots in a short time. This battery I observed specially; the others, in rear and on the right also, did good execution. Within ten minutes, or more, Ledlie's division had entered the breach in the parapet of the salient and plunged into the crater—a cavity 135 feet in length, 97 feet in breadth, and 30 in depth, General Johnson's statement. See Appendix. with sloping sides, the soil sandy, but filled with great blocks of clay. Wilcox's division immediately followed, and then Potter's, while the Federal artillery—guns and mortars—opened all along their lines, concentrating their heaviest fire on the lines and ground right and left of the crater. General Beauregard, having no reserves, had instructed each of his brigade commanders that, in the event of a breach and attack, they should close rapidly towards <
Ulysses S. Grant (search for this): chapter 13
unable to advance.-his critical position. General Grant acknowledges the impossibility of success. breaking through that part of our lines. General Grant, or General Meade, could also have orderede would have had to evacuate at once. Or, General Grant could have occupied his lines with about 5s were conducted exclusively by Meade, to whom Grant now intended to allow a more absolute control ad hitherto enjoyed. Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, vol. II., p. 886. It is none the less a and even later, the Federal Commander—whether Grant or Meade—never proved himself a match for eiths order to withdraw, Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, vol. II., p. 482. that it originated with, and was first suggested by, General Grant himself, and not by General Meade. Says General Bade meagre and unsatisfactory in the extreme; and Grant at last rode out to the National line, and the issued—that is to say, before 9.30 A. M.—General Grant, after coming personally to the front, saw[2 more.
Warren (search for this): chapter 13
ted by Turner's division of the 10th Corps and Ames's division of the 18th, under General Ord—in the aggregate at least 23,000 men. At the same time 10,000 men of Warren's corps, concentrated on its own right—that is, on the left of Burnside—and the 18th, concentrated in the immediate rear of Burnside, were actively to support thest refused, but finally gave him discretion as to the time for withdrawal. Conduct of the War (1865), Appendix, vol. i., p. 230. The remaining Federal supports (Warren and Hancock) took no part in the attack; and they also—General Warren at 9.45, General Hancock at 9.25—received orders to suspend all offensive operations and resGeneral Warren at 9.45, General Hancock at 9.25—received orders to suspend all offensive operations and resume their original position. So did General Ord. Ibid., pp. 234, 238, 240. Such was the situation—the Federals unable to advance, and fearing to retreat—when, at ten o'clock, General Mahone arrived with a part of his men, who lay down in the shallow ravine, to the rear of Elliott's salient, held by the force under
Pleasants (search for this): chapter 13
nt actually selected by the Federals proved to be that occupied by Elliott's brigade, with Pegram's battery; and the mine, commenced on the 25th of June, Colonel Pleasants's testimony, in Conduct of the War (1865), vol. i., p. 112. was ready to receive its charge on the 23d of July. The work was executed by the 48th Pennsylvania Volunteers, 400 strong, mostly composed of Schuylkill coal-miners, and whose colonel, Pleasants, was himself an accomplished mining engineer. The mine, starting from the interior of Burnside's line of riflepits, immediately across Taylor's Creek, terminated beneath Elliott's salient, at a distance of one hundred and seventy Pennsylvania boldly volunteered to descend into the mine and ascertain the cause. They relit the extinguished fuse, and at 4.44 the explosion took place. Colonel Pleasants's testimony, in Conduct of the War, p. 114. He says, exploded at sixteen minutes to five. In consequence of the withdrawal of troops to meet a threatened
Duane (search for this): chapter 13
de—and the 18th, concentrated in the immediate rear of Burnside, were actively to support the movement. Hancock's corps was likewise concentrated as a support, for the same purpose, on the lines temporarily vacated by the 18th; and Sheridan, with all the cavalry assembled in the quarter of Deep Bottom, was to move strenuously against the Confederate right by the roads leading into Petersburg from the south and west. Even the pontoon train was held in readiness, under the Chief-Engineer, Major Duane, to accompany the movement, and Engineer officers were assigned to each corps for the operation. The artillery of all kinds was to open upon those points of the Confederate works covering the ground of movement of the Federal troops. See General Meade's orders, July 29th, 1864, to be found in Conduct of the War (1865), vol. i., pp. 32, 33. The whole force thus made disposable for the operation consisted, according to General Meade's testimony, of nearly 50,000 men, General Meade's
Samuel B. Paul (search for this): chapter 13
e on the lines and ground right and left of the crater. General Beauregard, having no reserves, had instructed each of his brigade commanders that, in the event of a breach and attack, they should close rapidly towards that point, leaving a picket line to hold the trenches elsewhere. This instruction was promptly executed upon the order of Division-Commander Bushrod R. Johnson. General Beauregard, aroused from sleep by the explosion, and immediately informed of its precise locality by Colonel Paul, an officer of his staff, despatched the latter to General Lee to make the report, request assistance, and appoint a rendezvous with him at Bushrod Johnson's headquarters, near Cemetery Hill. He then repaired at once to that point, and, after ascertaining that his previous instructions for the event were being properly carried out, went forward to the Gee House, within 500 yards and immediately in rear of Elliott's salient, and, from that commanding point, took a full view of the scene
Wood (search for this): chapter 13
inch mortars, on the right of the Baxter road, under Lieutenant Langhorn, fired at intervals with very good effect. The order for the Federal column of attack was to advance and seize Cemetery Hill. In all subsequent orders of General Meade this was the main objective; but upon their attempt to form for that purpose outside of the crater they were swept by such a fire from the batteries and infantry, including Colonel Smith's force, in the ravine in rear, and the 59th Virginia, under Captain Wood, formed in a ditch on the right of the crater and perpendicular to the main trench, that they rushed back and clung to the protection of the crater, continuing the contest for the possession of the trenches. About 7.30 o'clock Ferrero's negro division was ordered to push through the breach and carry Cemetery Hill. They moved across the open space between the Federal and Confederate lines into, out of, and beyond the crater; but at this point they broke under the fierce artillery and m
Kautz (search for this): chapter 13
lem plank road, and soon formed a junction with a division (Griffin's) of the 5th Corps, which had been posted on the east side. The other corps (the 6th) came up during the night, taking position on the left and rear of the 2d; and Wilson's and Kautz's cavalry were then sent to cut the Weldon and Southside railroads. General Lee divined the intention of the enemy, and countermovements were immediately ordered to thwart his purpose. By some misunderstanding between the Federal officers com left, with no further advantage to him. During the several weeks that followed the regular investment of Petersburg cavalry raids were organized to cut and destroy the various railroads by which supplies were brought to our army. Wilson and Kautz, acting separately, succeeded in tearing up and otherwise damaging many miles of very important roads, including the Weldon, at Reams's Station, the Southside and the Danville roads. The raiding columns then formed a junction at Meherrin Station
William Mahone (search for this): chapter 13
raw. General Meade issues it. arrival of General Mahone with part of his division. Throws forwardade. its repulse. combined attack under Generals Mahone and Johnson. slight resistance on the pad fearing to retreat—when, at ten o'clock, General Mahone arrived with a part of his men, who lay doederals which seemed to menace an advance, General Mahone threw forward his brigade with the 61st Noarolina, all under Smith, which were formed on Mahone's left, likewise joined in the counter-movemenetached and pushed forward, separately, by General Mahone, to drive the Federals out of the crater, his fire, a combined movement of the forces of Mahone and Johnson was prepared, ordered by Generals Lee and Beauregard. Saunders's brigade of Mahone's division, with the 61st North Carolina, of Hoke's on the left and rear of the crater, under General Mahone; and the 23d and part of the 22d South Carsive of 22 men belonging to Pegram's battery. Mahone's division lost 250 men—killed, wounded, and m[1 more...]<
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