hide Sorting

You can sort these results in two ways:

By entity
Chronological order for dates, alphabetical order for places and people.
By position (current method)
As the entities appear in the document.

You are currently sorting in ascending order. Sort in descending order.

hide Most Frequent Entities

The entities that appear most frequently in this document are shown below.

Entity Max. Freq Min. Freq
Europe 998 0 Browse Search
United States (United States) 994 0 Browse Search
England (United Kingdom) 766 0 Browse Search
France (France) 692 0 Browse Search
China (China) 602 0 Browse Search
London (United Kingdom) 494 0 Browse Search
Early English 488 0 Browse Search
Department de Ville de Paris (France) 458 0 Browse Search
James Watt 343 1 Browse Search
Herodotus 256 0 Browse Search
View all entities in this document...

Browsing named entities in a specific section of Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). Search the whole document.

Found 5,109 total hits in 1,793 results.

... 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ...
Carrara (Italy) (search for this): chapter 16
the bevel-wheel f, causing it to make a partial revolution, and throwing the knife back so that the apple may be readily removed from the fork. Apple-parer. Apple-parer. Par′get. （Plastering.) a. A plaster formed of lime, sand, hair, and cow-dung, for lining the interior of flues. Pargeting. b. A plaster-work executed in raised ornamental figures, molded or impressed by the trowel. c. A stucco. Pa′ri-an. （Pottery.) A variety of porcelain having the appearance of Carrara marble, and made by the substitution of soft feldspar for Cornish stone in the porcelain process. It derives its name from the celebrated marble of Paros, and is much employed for statuettes and other works of art. It is composed of about 2/3 silica and nearly 1/3 alumina, with a small proportion of soda, potash, lime, magnesia, and iron. These are finely ground and thoroughly mixed to a creamy consistence. The fluid is poured into a mold and afterward baked. Some of the articles
Siam (Ohio, United States) (search for this): chapter 16
ied carbonate of lime. Sulphate of baryta yellow. Yellow ochreAn earth composed of silica and alumina, colored by oxide of iron. Naples yellowAntimoniate of lead. Chrome yellowAn impure chromate of lead. GambogeA gum principally derived from Siam. blue. UltramarineFrom lapis lazuli; also prepared artificially. Cobalt bluePhosphate of alumina and oxide of co- balt mixed with arsenite of cobalt. Smalt-Saxon blueDouble silicate of cobalt and potassa, mixed with earthy and metallic oxides.) A small trocar for puncturing a dropsical eye. Par-a-chute′. A device by which a descent is made from a balloon or eminence. It is a light structure, and affords a large area of resistance to the atmosphere. Loubere, in his account of Siam published 200 years since, describes a machine of this kind used in descending hights. It was not employed in Europe till 1783, when M. le Normand proved its efficacy by letting himself from the windows of a lofty house in the city of Lyons.
Bohemia (Czech Republic) (search for this): chapter 16
e. This name and that of black-lead were given to it under the supposition that plumbum (lead) was its base. This turns out to be a mistake, as it is a form of carbon, and does not of necessity contain even iron, though a trace of the latter metal is often found in it. Samples of Ceylon plumbago are shown containing 98.55 pure carbon. See graphite. Plumbago was formerly a monopoly in the Cumberland mines, but the mines of Russia, Ceylon, Ticonderoga, Greenland, California, Spain, and Bohemia have fortunately arrested imposition. See pencil. Plumb-bob. Plumb-bob. A conoidally shaped piece of metal suspended by a cord attached to its upper end, and used for determining vertical, or, in connection with a level or straight edge, horizontal lines. It is indispensable in building operations, and is also employed by surveyors and astronomers for placing an instrument centrally over a station point of departure. Plumb′er-block. A pair of jaws or a pedestal for holding
Raetia (search for this): chapter 16
-five years purchase, or twenty-five times its rental. Agriculture declined from the time of Cato to that of Pliny. The best of the memoranda on husbandry compiled by the latter are from Cato and Varro. It revived in the part of Gaul called Rhaetia, where reaping-machines were running in the first century A. D., as recorded by Pliny, and subsequently referred to by Palladius. The latter describes them in his De re rustica, about A. D. 350, as driven by oxen and harvesting fields in one daformed with a cutting edge, by the agency of which implement it both cleaves the ground and, with sharp edges at the sides, cuts up the weeds by the roots. There has been invented at a comparatively recent period. in that part of Gaul known as Rhaetia a plow with the addition of two small wheels, and known by the name of plaumorati. The extremity of the share in this has the form of a spade: it is only used, however, for sowing in cultivated lands and upon soils which are nearly fallow. The
Canton, Ohio (Ohio, United States) (search for this): chapter 16
pieces. Plows in Britain are divided into swing-plows and wheelplows: the former being without wheels. a b in the annexed figure give the appearance in side view and plan of the Wilkie, Scotch, wheel-plow; the difference between it and ours is mainly in the greater length of the stilts or handles and the shape of the beam. It is usually made of iron. The mold-board is rather long and twisted, but this may vary with its adaptation to sod or stubble A plow like that made by Gibbs of Canton, Ohio, will do either well. His mold-board is of such a shape that it may be molded on a cylindrical former. Plows. The Scotch wheel-plow c has a forward carriage to regulate the depth of furrow, one wheel running on the land and the other in the furrow. They seem generally to have that wedgeformed, convex shape to the front portion of the mold-board, which with their long handles constitutes their most peculiar feature in our eyes. The long handles give the plowman great command, and
Russia (Russia) (search for this): chapter 16
ld cattle-market was first paved in 1614. Blocks of wood set endways are a common pavement in Russia and Germany. Blocks of wood or stone inclosed in iron frames were in use in England thirty or fposited in the Imperial Library at St. Petersburg. It was printed in Leipsic for the Emperor of Russia, to be a memorial of the thousandth anniversary of his king- dom. It is in uncial characters, a of England, and the poor-laws of that country perpetuate it to a great extent. Excepting as to Russia, and to parts of Turkey, — the latter might as well be counted out as an anachronism on the facen. See graphite. Plumbago was formerly a monopoly in the Cumberland mines, but the mines of Russia, Ceylon, Ticonderoga, Greenland, California, Spain, and Bohemia have fortunately arrested imposie thus preserved for indefinite periods without change. The mammoths found in masses of ice in Siberia were unchanged after the lapse of untold ages. This method is largely employed during winter
Singapore (Singapore) (search for this): chapter 16
, etc., for protection from weather. 2. (Ordnance.) A small house, made of boards united by hooks and staples, for protecting a gun and its carriages mounted en barbette from the weather. Pent-roof. （Carpentry.) A roof with two equal sloping sides. A compass-roof. A shed or lean-to roof. Pep′per-box. A small box or caster for dredging pepper on to meat or other food. Black-pepper is a vine with a knotty stem, which unpruned will reach the hight of 30 feet, but on Singapore Island, and probably elsewhere, is trained on poles of about 12 feet high, which are grasped by the tendrils of the vine. The branches are brittle; the leaves deep green, heart-shaped, and abundant; the blossom a cluster of small, white, almost odorless flowers. The fruit hangs in clusters of 40 or 50 grains in a bunch. At full size it is green, red at maturity, black after being picked, and then shriveled by drying on mats in the sun. White-pepper is macerated in water until the black c
Colinton (United Kingdom) (search for this): chapter 16
n practice this has not been found necessary. The introduction of threads, net, or other woven material into the paper is described in Dickenson's English patent, 1809. In the machine-made papers the trouble of assorting, trimming, and hanging up to dry is entirely avoided, a perfectly uniform thickness is attained, the time required to produce a sheet from the pulp is reduced from weeks to minutes, and sheets of indefinite length may be produced; for example, a sheet was made at Colinton, England, in 1839, on the Fourdrinier machine, over a mile long, 50 inches wide, and weighing 533 pounds. This length might perhaps be extended indefinitely. Dickenson, who has been already mentioned as the inventor of the cylinder paper-machine, invented a paper composed of two webs of different texture, which were united while in a pliant condition, so as to render them inseparable; the web constituting the face was made of finer material than that intended for the back. This paper was pa
Aqua (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 16
Cream of tartar100 Chloride of silver10 Corrosive sublimate1 — 111 Then polish. Thermometer scales are thus silvered. Articles made of an alloy of silver and copper may be blanched by dipping them into a solution of bisulphate of potash. The acid dissolves out the copper and leaves the silver isolated. Silver may be precipitated on to a surface in a lustrous form by adding oil of cassia or cloves or a solution of grape sugar to a solution of certain salts of silver. Mix — Aqua ammonia30 grains Nitrate of silver (crystals)60 grains Spirits of wine90 grains Water90 grains — 270 grains. When the nitrate of silver is dissolved, filter, and add a solution of — Grape sugar15 grains Spirits of wine1 1/2 ounces Water1 1/2 ounces Leave the article in the solution for a day or two. Tin-plate, commonly known as sheet-tin, but, properly speaking, tinned iron-plate, is made by dipping the plate, previously scoured bright and pickled by immersion in dilute
Roxborough, Pa. (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 16
63 England imported from Holland alone paper to the amount of £ 100,000. This hardly preceded the establishment of paper manufactories in America, as we find that William Rittinghuysen, anglicized Rittenhouse, — a name afterward memorable in the history of American science, — a native of Holland, in conjunction with old William Bradford, one of the earliest of American printers, who will be doubtless remembered by those who have read Franklin's Autobiography, established a paper-mill at Roxborough, near Philadelphia, on a stream still called Paper-mill Run, a tributary of the Wissahickon. The raw material for its supply was derived from linen rags, the produce of the old clothes of the vicinity, and native rags long continued to be the chief source from which American paper was derived. In 1710 another paper-mill — the second in America — was erected at Crefeld, now forming part of Germantown, by William De Wees, a connection of the Rittenhouse family. In 1724, William Bradford
... 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ...