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2nd (search for this): chapter 18
some brisk skirmishing between the cavalry of Bayard and Stuart all the way from Cedar Mountain, but no very severe fighting excepting near Brandy Station, August 20. where the Nationals were worsted and driven across the Rappahannock. During the 20th and 21st there was an artillery conflict along the Rappahannock for seven or eight miles, the Confederates trying to force a passage of that stream in front of the Nationals, while the latter, well posted, continually repulsed them. On the second day it was clear to Lee and his officers that they could not succeed, so they began the more formidable movement of a march up the stream, to cross it above and flank rope's army. This movement was masked by leaving a strong force at Beverly Ford under Longstreet. Pope had expected and dreaded this; for, being still under strict orders to keep up a communication with Fredericksburg, he was too weak in numbers to extend his right any farther up the stream. He telegraphed to Washington that
3rd (search for this): chapter 18
hed forward by Lee. These found the National army too strongly posted to make a repetition of the blunder before Malvern Hills a safe experiment, and on the 8th Lee ceased pursuit and withdrew his army to Richmond, having lost, as nearly as now can be. ascertained, since he took the command less than forty days before, about, nineteen thousand men. The President found the Army of the Potomac present and fit for duty nearly forty thousand souls stronger than its commander had reported on the 3d, and his hopes were revived to the point of belief that it might speedily march against Richmond. But he was unable then to get a reply to his question, Where are the seventy-five thousand men yet missing? The President found about 86,000 men with McClellan, leaving 75,000 unaccounted for. This information perplexed him very much, and on the 13th, after his return to Washington, he wrote to the Chief of the Army of the Potomac, asking for an account of the missing numbers. The General rep
4th (search for this): chapter 18
nary dispatch Halleck simply answered, that it was expected that McClellan would have sent off his sick according to orders, without waiting to know what were and would be the instructions of the Government respecting future movements ; and that the President expected him to carry out instructions given him with all possible dispatch and caution.--McClellan's Report, page 155. Halleck's orders for the transfer of the army to Aquia Creek were met by a protest on the part of McClellan on the 4th. He informed the General-in-Chief, at the time when Stonewall Jackson, with a force greater than Pope's, was massing at Gordonsville, preparatory to a movement in heavy force on Washington, that Pope's army was not necessary to maintain a strict defensive in front of Washington and Harper's Ferry, and that the true defense of Washington was on the banks of the James, where the fate of the Union was to be decided. He asked his superior to rescind the order, and assured him that if he did not
9th (search for this): chapter 18
than the damage. Pope in his report says, the raid was attended with but little damage, but was most disgraceful to the force which had been left in charge of the trains. Stuart recrossed the Rappahannock at Warrenton Springs, after a little skirmishing. The National capital was now in imminent danger, and slowly the Army of the Potomac was coming up to its relief. General Halleck had repeatedly urged General McClellan to hasten the departure of his army from the Peninsula. On the 9th, he informed him of the perils with which Pope's army and the capital were threatened, and said, Considering the amount of transportation (an immense number of vessels in the James and at Hamp. ton Roads) at your disposal, your delay is not satisfactory. You must move with all celerity. On the following day Halleck informed McClellan of the battle between Pope and Jackson, at Cedar Mountain, and said, There must be no further delay in your movements; that which has already occurred was ent
11th (search for this): chapter 18
ch route he should take, and while waiting for an answer, the precious hours that might have taken him to the front and secured a victory were lost. So ended the battle of Cedar Mountain, or of Cedar Run, as the Confederates call it. None was more desperately fought during the war. A part of the sanguinary struggle was hand to hand, under the dark pall of smoke that obscured the moon. These re-enforcements kept Jackson in check, who held fast to his mountain position until the night of the 11th, Aug. 1862. when, informed of the approach of National troops from the Rappahannock, and alarmed for the safety of his communications with Richmond, he fled precipitately across the Rapid Anna, leaving a part of his dead unburied. He was pursued as far as that stream by Buford, with cavalry and artillery, and in the course of a day or two heavy rains placed almost impassable waters between the belligerents. Reports of Generals Pope and Lee, and of their subordinates. Pope specially comm
13th (search for this): chapter 18
ut he was unable then to get a reply to his question, Where are the seventy-five thousand men yet missing? The President found about 86,000 men with McClellan, leaving 75,000 unaccounted for. This information perplexed him very much, and on the 13th, after his return to Washington, he wrote to the Chief of the Army of the Potomac, asking for an account of the missing numbers. The General replied on the 15th, in which he reported 88,665 present and fit for duty ; absent by authority, 34,472; n the lines of the army to be arrested, and those taking the oath of allegiance, or giving security for good behavior, to be allowed to remain; all others to be sent beyond the lines, and if found within them again, to be treated as spies. On the 13th, General Steinwehr issued an order for the arrest of five of the most prominent citizens of Page County, to be held as hostages, and to suffer death if any of the soldiers under his command should be killed by bushwhackers, as lurking armed citize
14th (search for this): chapter 18
ted a troop of horse near Carmel Church, burning their camp and several car-loads of corn, and broke the telegraph between Richmond and Gordonsville. When returning they encountered Stuart's cavalry, drove them across the South Anna, and pursued them to within sight of Hanover Junction. All this was done in the space of twenty-nine hours, without the loss of a man on the part of the Nationals. In the mean time General Pope had been making arrangements to take the field in person. On the 14th July. he issued an address to his army calculated to increase the coldness of McClellan toward him, Pope told his army that he had come from the West, where they had always seen the backs of their enemies --from an army who sought its adversary, and whose policy was attack and not defense. He presumed he had been called to pursue the same system and vigor, and he said it was his purpose to do so. He wished them to forget certain phrases. He had heard constantly, he said, of taking stron
15th (search for this): chapter 18
es were revived to the point of belief that it might speedily march against Richmond. But he was unable then to get a reply to his question, Where are the seventy-five thousand men yet missing? The President found about 86,000 men with McClellan, leaving 75,000 unaccounted for. This information perplexed him very much, and on the 13th, after his return to Washington, he wrote to the Chief of the Army of the Potomac, asking for an account of the missing numbers. The General replied on the 15th, in which he reported 88,665 present and fit for duty ; absent by authority, 34,472; absent without authority, 3,778; sick, 16,619; making a total of 143,580. A week later July 20. the Adjutant-general's office reported the total of the Army of the Potomac, exclusive of General Wool's command, and a force under Burnside that had been ordered from North Carolina, 158,314, of whom 101,691 were present and fit for duty. The Government was much disturbed by one fact in General McClellan's re
18th (search for this): chapter 18
hich really reflected upon McClellan and his officers, though Pope disclaimed any intention to do so. and within a few days afterward he issued orders respecting the intended career of his army in Virginia which greatly stirred the Confederates, and caused Jefferson Davis to issue a countervailing manifesto in the form of a General Order, and in a characteristic letter he instructed Lee to communicate it to the Commander-in-Chief of the armies of the United States. In general orders on the 18th, he directed his troops to subsist upon the country in which they were operating as far as possible, the supplies to be taken by the officers in command. This was to prevent mere pillage. Vouchers for such property were to be given, stating on their face that they would be payable at the conclusion of the war, upon sufficient testimony that the owners had been loyal to the Government since the vouchers were given. He ordered trains to be dispensed with where it was known that the region to
19th (search for this): chapter 18
the rear of Gordonsville, and, if successful there, to push on and demolish the tracks and bridges between Charlottesville and Lynchburg. This movement was also unsuccessful. Dissatisfied with Hatch, Pope relieved him of his command, and made General John Buford the chief of Banks's cavalry in his stead. Detachments sent out by General King from Fredericksburg made bold dashes toward Richmond. One composed of the Ira Harris Light Cavalry, under Colonel Davies, made a forced march on the 19th, and at dawn the following morning July 20 they struck the Virginia Central railroad at Beaver Dam Creek, thirty-five miles from Richmond, destroyed it there, with the telegraph line, for several miles, and burned the rail-way depot, containing a considerable amount of provisions and munitions of war. This raid produced great consternation, and a second one, two days afterward, was equally successful and alarming. The rough riders met and defeated a troop of horse near Carmel Church, burnin
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