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3rd (search for this): chapter 19
d the tread of marching feet. All day long that free flag tost Over the heads of the rebel host. Barbara Frietchie's House. Lee lost more men in Maryland by desertion than he gained by his proclamation. Had there been nothing repulsive in the work to which they were invited, the filthy and wretched condition of Lee's troops would have made the citizens of Maryland scornful of such an army of liberators. Barbara Frietchie. McClellan was informed of Lee's movement on the morning of the 3d, and immediately put his troops in motion to meet the threatened peril. His army was thrown into Maryland north of Washington, and on the 7th, leaving General Banks in command at the National capital, he hastened to the field, making his Headquarters that night with the Sixth Corps at Rockville. His army, composed of his own and the forces of Pope and Burnside, numbered a little more than eighty-seven thousand effective men. It advanced slowly toward Frederick by five parallel roads, and was
7th (search for this): chapter 19
y of liberators. Barbara Frietchie. McClellan was informed of Lee's movement on the morning of the 3d, and immediately put his troops in motion to meet the threatened peril. His army was thrown into Maryland north of Washington, and on the 7th, leaving General Banks in command at the National capital, he hastened to the field, making his Headquarters that night with the Sixth Corps at Rockville. His army, composed of his own and the forces of Pope and Burnside, numbered a little more thausted, and on the 5th of November an order was issued from the War Department relieving him of his command, and putting General Burnside in his place. This order, borne by General Buckingham, was received by McClellan late in the evening of the 7th, at which time Burnside was in the tent of the chief. Twice before, the command of that army had been offered to Burnside, who came from North Carolina with the prestige of a successful leader. He had modestly declined it, because he felt hims
9th (search for this): chapter 19
ps remained in Washington until the 12th, and did not join the army until it reached the vicinity of Sharpsburg. General Hunt was made Chief of Artillery, and General Pleasanton commanded the cavalry division. Great caution was necessary, for the real intentions of Lee were unknown. Fortunately, these were discovered on the 13th, when McClellan's advance entered Frederick, after a brisk skirmish with the Confederate rear-guard, and found there a copy of Lee's general order issued on the 9th. It revealed the fact that he was not to make a direct movement against Washington or Baltimore, so long as McClellan lay between him and the two cities; but so soon as he could draw him toward the Susquehanna by menacing Pennsylvania, and thus take him away from his supplies, he might attack and cripple him, and then march upon one or both of those cities. To accomplish this he designed to take possession of Harper's Ferry (which he believed would be evacuated on his crossing the Potomac)
12th (search for this): chapter 19
One Hundred and Fifteenth, and One Hundred and Twenty-sixth New York, and part of a Maryland regiment. on Maryland Heights, but did not comply with that commander's requisition for intrenching tools, that he might fortify his position; so, on the 12th, when McLaws' advance appeared on the crest of the Elk Mountain, two or three miles northward, and soon commenced skirmishing, McLaws and Anderson had evacuated Pleasant Valley on the day when Jackson captured Martinsburg. McLaws at once ordere city. The plain on Jackson's right was occupied by Stuart, with two brigades of cavalry and his horse artillery, and his line extended to Massaponax Creek. Lee's Report, March 6, 1863. A council of officers was held on the evening of the 12th, when Burnside submitted his plan of attack the next morning, which was for the whole force on the south bank of the Rappahannock to advance, and, by sudden assaults along the whole line, attempt to penetrate and carry the fortified heights occupi
13th (search for this): chapter 19
Pleasanton commanded the cavalry division. Great caution was necessary, for the real intentions of Lee were unknown. Fortunately, these were discovered on the 13th, when McClellan's advance entered Frederick, after a brisk skirmish with the Confederate rear-guard, and found there a copy of Lee's general order issued on the 9t officer, and offered to serve under him. The junction of these forces, with some from Winchester, made the garrison over twelve thousand strong. At noon of the 13th Jackson was in full force in the rear of Harper's Ferry, and at once placed himself in communication with Walker and McLaws. The former was already on Loudon Heig. Ford had only a slight breast-work of trees, with an abatis in front of it, near the crest, for defense. He repelled an assault in force at an early hour on the 13th, but when it was renewed a little later, by Kershaw, some of his troops gave way and fled in great confusion. They were rallied, but the Confederates had secured
14th (search for this): chapter 19
and cowardice throughout the war, won for him the just-title given him by a distinguished rebel, of The Humbug of the Confederacy. In pursuance of McClellan's instructions, Franklin appeared at Burkittsville, before Crampton's Pass, at noon on the 14th, Sept. 1862. on the road leading to Rohersville in Pleasant Valley, back of Maryland Heights, with a fine body of troops from New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. He formed a line of battle with Slocum's division on the right of the road runn'clock the next morning, Ford, hopeless of aid from Miles, spiked his guns and withdrew to Harper's Ferry. All was now lost, unless Miles could hold out until succor could come from Franklin. Harper's Ferry was completely invested early on the 14th, the great hills around it, excepting Bolivar Heights, on which the Nationals had batteries, being then in possession of the foe. From these commanding positions an artillery fire was opened in the afternoon. McLaws had pushed forward to the Poto
15th (search for this): chapter 19
alley, and falls into the Potomac six miles above Harper's Ferry. When McClellan observed the Confederates retreating from South Mountain, on the morning of the 15th, Sept. he ordered his whole army forward in pursuit. Lee's plans were thwarted, and he found himself compelled to fight; and with the troops in hand that morningestroy the rebel army if possible. but sadness followed, for the hopes excited by that announcement were not realized. There was some sharp skirmishing on the 15th; first with cavalry and then with artillery. McClellan's vanguard of horsemen overtook the covering cavalry of the Confederates at Boonsborough, charged upon themhe Keedysville and Sharpsburg roads, the Confederates opened their artillery upon them, and received some sharp responses. This was the sum of the conflict on the 15th. On the morning of the 16th Sept. both armies were actively preparing for battle. The bulk of the Confederate forces, under Longstreet and D. H. Hill, stood a
16th (search for this): chapter 19
its base of supplies into an enemy's country, at a season when inclement weather might be expected; while the Confederate Army was continually nearing its base of supplies. Burnside therefore determined, with the acquiescence of the General-in-Chief, to make Aquia Creek, connected by railroad with Fredericksburg, his base, and to operate from that point by a nearer route to Richmond than Gordonsville. In accordance with this resolution, his forces began to move toward Fredericksburg on the 16th. Nov., 1862. Meanwhile Jackson had been making some demonstration north and west of Winchester, for the purpose of detaching a part of Burnside's force in that direction, but failed; while Lee, with the great body of his troops, had retired to Gordonsville. Sumner led the movement Nov. 15. down the left bank of the Rappahannock, toward Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, with the expectation of crossing the river at once, and taking possession of the city and the commanding heights in its
17th (search for this): chapter 19
troops, had retired to Gordonsville. Sumner led the movement Nov. 15. down the left bank of the Rappahannock, toward Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, with the expectation of crossing the river at once, and taking possession of the city and the commanding heights in its rear. A feint was made toward Gordonsville, to mask this movement, but Lee penetrated it, and put in motion a countervailing force down the right bank of the river. The head of Sumner's column arrived at Falmouth on the 17th, and was assailed by a light battery already planted on the heights back of Fredericksburg. This was soon silenced by Petitt's battery, planted on the highest hill back of Falmouth, in the mansion on the summit of which, on his arrival toward evening, General Sumner made his quarters. He was anxious to cross over and seize those heights. The bridges were destroyed, but the stream was fordable just above Falmouth. Summer's Headquarters. The town was occupied by a regiment of Virgini
19th (search for this): chapter 19
he was under a cloud. Prompted by that noble generosity of his nature which made him always ready to award full honor to all in the hour of victory, he now assumed the entire responsibility of the measures which had caused a slaughter so terrible with a result so disastrous. That generosity blunted the weapons of vituperation which the friends of the late commander of the Army of the Potomac and the enemies of the Government were too ready to use. In his report to General Halleck on the 19th, be declared that he owed every thing to the brave officers and soldiers who accomplished the feat of recrossing the river in the face of the enemy. For the failure in the attack, he continued, I am responsible. Alluding to the fact that the plan of moving to Fredericksburg from Warrenton, instead of pursuing Lee toward the Rapid Anna, was not favorably considered by the authorities at Washington, and that the whole movement was left in his own hands, he said that fact made him more respons
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