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Santa Clara (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
ed the southern counties of California from Santa Clara to San Diego. Men less heated than the pSan Jose peep out the capulas and spires of Santa Clara; once a seat of the Franciscan friars, a cecloister, in the cells of which the city of Santa Clara had her birth. Slouching at the college e land of which he was once a prince. At Santa Clara lay the camp and refuge of a band of brethr. Reports were sent from other missions to Santa Clara; every rescript and command was issued from Santa Clara. Santa Clara was the court and capital of this Franciscan Commonwealth. The brethSanta Clara was the court and capital of this Franciscan Commonwealth. The brethren of St. Francis failed to establish a sacred Commonwealth in Upper California, and their work haeen hundred converts in this valley of I 2 Santa Clara, living on the soil, more or less settled, s, and goats. The other missions were like Santa Clara; each had her colony of converts, and her wnaked or clothed in rags. No fiscal from Santa Clara ever told a truer and a darker story of wha[5 more...]
Tule (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
people? Mexico dispersed their teachers, and divided the common lands. In five or six years those lands were gone. A free man, holding an estate, can sell it; and the only use ever made by these Indians of their freedom was to sell their lands and purchase drink. When the United States came in, these tribes were overlooked, and down to this moment they are virtually overlooked. Within the districts covered by the old Catholic Missions, there is only one small agency; a mere farm on Tule River. The Indians have neither lands nor cows; the flocks and herds which they reared under the friars have disappeared. In northern California, beyond the mission limits, there are two more agencies; one agency in Hoopa Valley, a second in Round Valley; but from Trinidad to Carmelo, on a line three hundred miles in length, till lately peopled by a gentle though a savage race, the native tribes and families are abandoned to disease and death. Even in the two agencies, little has been done
Soledad (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
sixty years, making the one great effort that has ever yet been made to save the natives of this coast. Ten or twelve missions were engaged in carrying on the work; missions at San Diego and Santa Barbara, at San Luis Obisco and San Carlos, at Soledad and San Juan, at San Jose and San Francisco; but the heart and brain, the rule and method, of this great Christian experiment, were at Santa Clara. Here the provincial had his seat. Here strangers in the country were received. Hither came eveall things, the goodlooking and profligate young women. They flaunt round in gaudy finery, while their elders are naked or clothed in rags. No fiscal from Santa Clara ever told a truer and a darker story of what he found in Santa Barbara and Soledad. Aware how much had been done by the Franciscans under great and ever-growing difficulties, the Americans have lately paid those fathers the compliment of restoring their system-so far as a Protestant people and a secular government can rest
Mexico (Mexico, Mexico) (search for this): chapter 12
genius for affairs as Castro and Alvaredo, he might have caused a civil war and cost the State much blood and coin. These persons judge by what is going on in Mexico, a country very much like California, being occupied by half-breeds, with a sprinkle here and there of such dons and caballeros as we .find in the streets and bilin his fivescore years the Spaniards have come and gone, the Mexicans have risen and fallen. Living under many flags, he has been a thrall of Spain, a citizen of Mexico, a vassal of California, an outcast of the United States. To him these changes have been like an evil dream, of which the sense escaped his mind, while the pang converts now? Too many of them are scattered to the woods, or laid beneath the grass. What other order or society has ever put out hand to help these people? Mexico dispersed their teachers, and divided the common lands. In five or six years those lands were gone. A free man, holding an estate, can sell it; and the only use
San Jose (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
Chapter 12: Catholic missions. with fifty thousand dollars, the bandit said at San Jose, I could have raised an army, driven out the English settlers, and cleared the southern counties of California from Santa Clara to San Diego. Men less heated than the prisoner think that if Vasquez had been cursed with as much geniusin presence of the British races, they must seek support in Catholic colleges like Santa Clara, not in brigand camps near San Benito Peak. Two miles north of San Jose peep out the capulas and spires of Santa Clara; once a seat of the Franciscan friars, a centre of the Catholic missions; now, according to the change of times, t or twelve missions were engaged in carrying on the work; missions at San Diego and Santa Barbara, at San Luis Obisco and San Carlos, at Soledad and San Juan, at San Jose and San Francisco; but the heart and brain, the rule and method, of this great Christian experiment, were at Santa Clara. Here the provincial had his seat. Her
Hoopa Valley (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
to sell their lands and purchase drink. When the United States came in, these tribes were overlooked, and down to this moment they are virtually overlooked. Within the districts covered by the old Catholic Missions, there is only one small agency; a mere farm on Tule River. The Indians have neither lands nor cows; the flocks and herds which they reared under the friars have disappeared. In northern California, beyond the mission limits, there are two more agencies; one agency in Hoopa Valley, a second in Round Valley; but from Trinidad to Carmelo, on a line three hundred miles in length, till lately peopled by a gentle though a savage race, the native tribes and families are abandoned to disease and death. Even in the two agencies, little has been done. Five years ago a trapper and a trooper were employed to rule and guard these savages. The trapper failed to mend their morals, the soldier to restrain their vagabond ways. Neither trapper nor trooper could prevent them fro
Eureka, Humboldt County, California (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
e tribes and families are abandoned to disease and death. Even in the two agencies, little has been done. Five years ago a trapper and a trooper were employed to rule and guard these savages. The trapper failed to mend their morals, the soldier to restrain their vagabond ways. Neither trapper nor trooper could prevent them from perishing in a country full of wild game, and in a climate favourable to length of days. If the Franciscans failed, they only failed where everybody fails. At Eureka, in the Humboldt Valley, American soldiers are stationed, as Spanish soldiers used to be stationed at San Carlos and Santa Clara. What is the result? American officers and soldiers take to Red women, much as Spanish officers and soldiers took to Red women. Knight, a Californian advocate, was sent to Humboldt Valley to report, and these are some of his unflattering words: There have been in this valley from one to two hundred soldiers, and I think at least half of their pay goes in t
Fort Vancouver (Washington, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
an say, with justice. of the Franciscan brethren, that they failed so signally as to deserve no record of their work, no pity in their fall. Some of the brethren may have been imperfect in their lives. Being flesh and blood, they must have caught some virus from the soil. They were not always meek. A bad friar may have loved strong waters, and indulged in pleasures contrary to his vows. Too many were puffed out with pride. At times their rule was so heavy as to lead a stranger, like Vancouver, to declare that he could see no difference between the treatment of a Franciscan's convert and a planter's slave. No doubt, again, their method laid them open to some censures of a general kind. They took possession of the soil, and held their prize with an unyielding hand. They woke no sense of property in the Indian mind. They were inclined to keep all tribal usages and customs. Caring little for freedom, they retained in thrall a people who had always lived in thrall. They sel
San Diego (California, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
, the bandit said at San Jose, I could have raised an army, driven out the English settlers, and cleared the southern counties of California from Santa Clara to San Diego. Men less heated than the prisoner think that if Vasquez had been cursed with as much genius for affairs as Castro and Alvaredo, he might have caused a civil ing the one great effort that has ever yet been made to save the natives of this coast. Ten or twelve missions were engaged in carrying on the work; missions at San Diego and Santa Barbara, at San Luis Obisco and San Carlos, at Soledad and San Juan, at San Jose and San Francisco; but the heart and brain, the rule and method, of thnborn was opened out. Who says the fathers left no fruits? Why, thirty years after landing on these coasts, they had cleared and settled the choicest spots from San Diego to San Francisco. They owned sixty-seven thousand horned cattle, a hundred and seven thousand sheep, three thousand horses and mules. When the Mexicans broke i
Saint Francis (Arkansas, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
his flesh. One day his neck was under foot of king and friar, next day under that of judge and general; and of these four tyrants, he found the judge and general far less mindful of his rights than priest and king. As one of the converts of St. Francis, he was lodged and fed; but since his year of freedom, he has been a beggar and an outcast in the land of which he was once a prince. At Santa Clara lay the camp and refuge of a band of brethren, who in pious zeal, without an eye to their oo make a fortune, or to thrive at court. Reports were sent from other missions to Santa Clara; every rescript and command was issued from Santa Clara. Santa Clara was the court and capital of this Franciscan Commonwealth. The brethren of St. Francis failed to establish a sacred Commonwealth in Upper California, and their work has passed into other and stronger hands. They failed, as the English church failed in Ireland, as the Sept-Insular Republic failed in Greece, from lack of national
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