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1870 AD (search for this): chapter 12
dress to discuss the question, and have sought and obtained some considerable material for doing so, but failing to obtain some returns to perfect a table I have had in preparation, I have deferred to some other occasion its consideration. the total armed forces reach the enormous amount of nearly four millions drawn from a population of only thirty-two millions—figures before which the celebrated uprising of the French Nation in 1793, or the recent efforts of France and Germany in the war of 1870-1871 sink into insignificance. I have thought, my comrades, that instead of taking for the subject of our recollections on this occasion of our annual reunion, any of the great achievements in battle of the famous army in which it was our fortune to have served, and our well justified pride to have belonged, I would rather, quoting General Colley's estimate of the forces of the Southern army for my text, talk to you this evening of the Confederate army itself, than of its deeds; especial
August, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 12
le better than a mob, and we did not have the arms to put in the hands of the men who were willing to go forward. The act of the Confederate Congress of March, 1861, authorizing the President to ask for and accept any number of volunteers not exceeding 100,000, expressly provided that the volunteers should furnish their own clothes, and, if mounted, their own horses and equipments, and when mustered into the service should be armed by the States from which they came. It was not until August, 1861, that Congress authorized the Secretary of War to provide and furnish clothing for the forces of the Confederacy, nor was such clothing furnished until the second year of the war. It is almost amusing now to recall the struggle it was to obtain the admission of a company, battalion or regiment into the Confederate army in the commencement of the war. The recruiting of the men was but a small part of the business. The most difficult was to furnish them with clothing and equipments. Fa
June 5th (search for this): chapter 12
It appears in a communication from the Adjutant-General headquarters of the Virginia forces, Colonel R. S. Garnett, to Colonel F. H. Smith, of the Virginia Council, that on the 30th May, as nearly as could be ascertained, there was a total of thirty six thousand two hundred troops assembled in Virginia. Ibid, page 895. General Beauregard was called from Charleston at this time, and on the 31st May he was assigned to the command of the troops on the Alexandria line. Ibid, page 896. On the 5th June, General T. H. Holmes was sent to Fredericksburg, and directed to assume command of the troops in that vicinity, Ibid, page 907. and on the 8th, General R. S. Garnett was ordered to Staunton to command the troops operating in Northwestern Virginia. Ibid, page 915. The first battle in Virginia, and, indeed, the first battle of the war in which there were killed and wounded—for in the bombardment of Fort Sumter miraculously there were no casualties Excepting Assistant-Surgeon S. W. C
September 17th (search for this): chapter 12
army was organized—the evil of the want of a properly organized staff. If we had had at first a Meigs at the head of our quartermaster's department, as the Federal troops had at their's, I cannot but think that some of these evils would have been checked. But however that may be, I cannot allow that this straggling was from the lack of discipline. I insist that it was but the result of human exhaustion. Consider what this army had done from Kernstown, on the 22d March, to Sharpsburg, 17th September. It had fought the battles of Kernstown, McDowell, Front Royal, Winchester, Strasburg, Cross Keys and Port Republic (constituting the Valley campaign), Williamsburg, Barhamsville, Hanover Courthouse, Seven Pines, Mechanicsville, Gaines's Mill, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill (constituting the Richmond campaign), Cedar Run, Manassas Junction, Manassas Plains, August 29th, Manassas Plains, August 30th (constituting the campaign of Northern Virginia), Harper's Ferry, Boone
June 3rd (search for this): chapter 12
nts at Hanover, which General Humphreys estimates at 8,700 muskets and 600 officers (page 125). But he admits that before Lee had received these reinforcements, with an army of 61,953 men, he had inflicted a loss upon the enemy of 33,100. Is that not enough for the vindication of Lee's strategy and of his army's skill and discipline? So that if we suppose the two armies starting out on the campaign with equal numbers, Grant would have had no army left after the battle of Cold Harbor on the 3d June. Within one month Lee would have entirely destroyed it. But there was, nevertheless, much truth in Colonel Gordon's remark. Our system of battle required too much exposure of our officers. Our officers had to lead rather than to direct. It was example and not order so much by which our troops were guided. And undoubtedly it was fearfully expensive in officers. Again and again regiments, and sometimes even brigades, came out of battle under subalterns Had our men been better drilled ma
February 14th (search for this): chapter 12
in fitting up the expedition, and for whom he felt and ever testified the most profound veneration. Nor was anything more distasteful to his truly noble and generous nature than the attempts of flatterers who would pay their court to himself by overrating his services at St. Vincent, and ascribing to him the glory of that memorable day. On the other hand, Lord St. Vincent knew all the while how attempts had been made by Lord Nelson's flatterers to set him up as the true hero of the fourteenth of February, but never for an instant did the feelings towards Nelson cross his mind by which inferior natures would have been swayed. In spite of all these invidious arts he magnanimously sent Nelson to Aboukir, and by unparalleled exertion, which he, Vincent, alone could make, armed him with the means of eclipsing his own fame. The mind of the historian, says Lord Brougham, weary with recounting the deeds of human baseness, and mortified with contemplating the frailty of illustrious men, gat
May 31st (search for this): chapter 12
23d, General Benjamin Huger was assigned to the command of the troops at Norfolk. Ibid, page 867. It appears in a communication from the Adjutant-General headquarters of the Virginia forces, Colonel R. S. Garnett, to Colonel F. H. Smith, of the Virginia Council, that on the 30th May, as nearly as could be ascertained, there was a total of thirty six thousand two hundred troops assembled in Virginia. Ibid, page 895. General Beauregard was called from Charleston at this time, and on the 31st May he was assigned to the command of the troops on the Alexandria line. Ibid, page 896. On the 5th June, General T. H. Holmes was sent to Fredericksburg, and directed to assume command of the troops in that vicinity, Ibid, page 907. and on the 8th, General R. S. Garnett was ordered to Staunton to command the troops operating in Northwestern Virginia. Ibid, page 915. The first battle in Virginia, and, indeed, the first battle of the war in which there were killed and wounded—for in the b
May 30th (search for this): chapter 12
iments here mentioned belonged. On the 21st May, Colonel John B. Magruder was placed in command of the line to Hampton, with headquarters at Yorktown, Records War of Rebellion, Volume 11, page 865. and on the 23d, General Benjamin Huger was assigned to the command of the troops at Norfolk. Ibid, page 867. It appears in a communication from the Adjutant-General headquarters of the Virginia forces, Colonel R. S. Garnett, to Colonel F. H. Smith, of the Virginia Council, that on the 30th May, as nearly as could be ascertained, there was a total of thirty six thousand two hundred troops assembled in Virginia. Ibid, page 895. General Beauregard was called from Charleston at this time, and on the 31st May he was assigned to the command of the troops on the Alexandria line. Ibid, page 896. On the 5th June, General T. H. Holmes was sent to Fredericksburg, and directed to assume command of the troops in that vicinity, Ibid, page 907. and on the 8th, General R. S. Garnett was order
December 27th, 1860 AD (search for this): chapter 12
w militia companies. The Army of Northern Virginia in Charleston harbor around Fort Sumter, and the army of the West at Pensacola before Fort Pickens. When South Carolina seceded, and Major Anderson made the first move of the war, on the 27th December, 1860, abandoning and burning Fort Moultrie, and taking possession of Fort Sumter, the State of South Carolina had but the volunteer companies of the city of Charleston available for seizing and occupying the other strategic points around Charlese formed the nucleus of the army so long commanded by General Bragg, who may be said to have organized them there. The volunteer companies of the Fourth brigade, South Carolina militia, that is the Charleston volunteer companies, on the 27th December, 1860, seized Castle Pinckney, Fort Moultrie, Morris Island, Fort Johnson and the arsenal in the city. They thus took the field without an hour's notice, and held these points until relieved by other troops raised by the State; and indeed were o
1886 AD (search for this): chapter 12
and took up their position behind the Massaponax hills ready for the battle. It has never been charged that there was any straggling on the march to Gettysburg; and Lee could not have made his famous defensive campaign against Grant from the Wilderness to Cold Harbor with a straggling army. In singular corroboration of what I have been maintaining as the cause of the straggling in the Maryland campaign, and that it was exceptional, since writing this I have read in The Century for July (1886), in a paper entitled In the Wake of Battle. this account of the stragglers in Shepherdstown at this time (September 13th, 1862): They were stragglers at all events—professional, some of them, but some worn out by the incessant strain of that summer. When I say that they were hungry, I convey no impression of the gaunt starvation that looked from their cavernous eyes. All day they crowded to the doors of our houses with always the same drawling complaint: I've been a-marchina an' a-f
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