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1884 AD (search for this): chapter 12
been said, are usually the enfants perdu of the world, men who have lost all taste for civil life, who are no loss to civil society. Such, doubtless, were the men who have composed most armies of the world, and such men formed a large part of the Federal army in our war. There were, it is true, in the first regiments raised at the North, especially in New England, such men as Judge Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., describes in an exquisite address delivered at Keen, New Hampshire, memorial day, 1884; men representing all that was highest in the Puritans alike of Old and New England. Such men, doubtless, composed Grover's New England brigade, which made the famous charge on us at Manassas, and no doubt many of the Western regiments were composed of the true yeomanry of the soil. But I rather think the composition of the Fifth New York infantry (Duryee Zouaves), as given in the history of that regiment, was more of the average of the Union troops. Mr. Davenport, who wrote the history of
21st (search for this): chapter 12
ave it copied and distributed to the different regiments. This Jackson at first declined to do until he received instructions from Governor Letcher or General Lee, but upon being furnished with an indorsement on an application Referred to General J. E. Johnston, commanding officer at Harper's Ferry. By order of Major-General Lee, he immediately complied with General Johnston's request and published his order assuming command. Records War of Rebellion, Volume 11, pages 871-‘77. On the 21st, Colonel Deas, Inspector-General Confederate States Army, reports that the forces assembled at Harper's Ferry consists of the First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Virginia regiments, the Fourth Alabama, two regiments from Mississippi, five companies of Virginia artillery, eight companies of Virginia cavalry, four companies of Kentucky infantry and some small detachments, amounting to seven thousand seven hundred men, of whom seven thousand were available for active service in the field, and
March 22nd (search for this): chapter 12
rcumstances under which our army was organized—the evil of the want of a properly organized staff. If we had had at first a Meigs at the head of our quartermaster's department, as the Federal troops had at their's, I cannot but think that some of these evils would have been checked. But however that may be, I cannot allow that this straggling was from the lack of discipline. I insist that it was but the result of human exhaustion. Consider what this army had done from Kernstown, on the 22d March, to Sharpsburg, 17th September. It had fought the battles of Kernstown, McDowell, Front Royal, Winchester, Strasburg, Cross Keys and Port Republic (constituting the Valley campaign), Williamsburg, Barhamsville, Hanover Courthouse, Seven Pines, Mechanicsville, Gaines's Mill, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill (constituting the Richmond campaign), Cedar Run, Manassas Junction, Manassas Plains, August 29th, Manassas Plains, August 30th (constituting the campaign of Northern Vir
January, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 12
one of the most remarkable features of the war that without foundries, and without men skilled in such work, and cut off as we were from the rest of the world by the blockade, without facilities of any kind, the South developed her resources and armed her troops. True, General Banks was our chief quartermaster in the early part of 1862, and Pope and Hooker our ordnance officers. But with no other except this adventitious aid, Mr. Davis was able to report to Congress in his message in January, 1863: Our armies are larger, better disciplined, and more thoroughly armed and equipped than at any previous period of the war. The energies of a whole nation devoted to the single object of success in this war have accomplished marvels, and many of our trials have, by a beneficent Providence, been converted into blessings. The magnitude of the perils which we have encountered have developed the true qualities and illustrated the heroic character of our people, thus gaining for the Confe
14th (search for this): chapter 12
chmond. Records War of Rebellion, Volume II, page 817. On the 9th May, General Lee informs Colonel Philip St. George Cocke, commanding Potomac Division, that Colonel Preston and Colonel Garland, with eleven companies under their command, have been ordered to report to him at Culpeper; Records War of Rebellion, Vol. II, p. 821. and on the 10th, he writes to Colonel Cocke that the regiments under Colonels Garland and Preston were designed for Manassas Junction. Ibid, p. 824. On the 14th, Colonel Cocke reports. Ibid, p. 841. The force that I have been able to assemble thus far at Manassas Junction, consists of a detachment of artillery under Captain D. Kemper, with two six-pounders; Captain W. H. Payne's company, numbering 76 men; Captain J. S. Green's company, numbering 57 men; Captain Hamilton's company, numbering about 60, and two Irish companies, numbering respectively, 54 and 58, and Colonel Garland's force arrived Sunday, consisting of 490 men. Altogether about 830
April 23rd, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 12
ontpelier Guards, two Culpeper rifle companies, the Winchester Continentals, the Winchester Rifles, a Charlestown company and portions of the Fauquier cavalry reached Harper's Ferry and found the arsenal and buildings in flames. But Lieutenant Jones had not succeeded in destroying everything which he could not defend, and the flames were soon extinguished. By the 23d April the newspapers reported that five thousand Virginia troops had assembled at Harper's Ferry, Richmond Enquirer, April 23, 1861. but Major-General Kenton Harper, of Augusta, who was in command, reports the number at but two thousand. Records War of Rebellion, Vol. II, p. 772. On the 18th April, Major-General William B. Taliaferro was ordered to take command of the State troops which were assembling at Norfolk. Ibid, p. 771. The volunteer companies from Richmond, Petersburg and other cities of Virginia were hastening thither as one of the most exposed points; among these companies was the Richmond Grays,
April 24th, 1861 AD (search for this): chapter 12
litia of the State had been in advance of him. It happened in Virginia just as it had happened in South Carolina, that the people were in advance of their leaders. Before the Convention had passed the ordinance of secession Virginia troops were marching on Harper's Ferry and assembling at Norfolk. In response to Governor Letcher's proclamation to hold themselves in readiness for orders, a large part of the militia reported that they were already at Harper's Ferry. Richmond Enquirer, April 24, 1861. About 3 o'clock, Friday morning, 19th April, the Staunton Artillery, West Augusta Guards, Albemarle Rifles, Monticello Guards, Southern Guards, the Sons of Liberty from the University, Scott's and Parran's companies from Gordonsville and Barboursville, a company from Louisa, the Orange Montpelier Guards, two Culpeper rifle companies, the Winchester Continentals, the Winchester Rifles, a Charlestown company and portions of the Fauquier cavalry reached Harper's Ferry and found the ar
10th (search for this): chapter 12
-General, the n the highest office in the Confederate army, and Colonel John B. Magruder was assigned to the command of the forces in and about Richmond. Records War of Rebellion, Volume II, page 817. On the 9th May, General Lee informs Colonel Philip St. George Cocke, commanding Potomac Division, that Colonel Preston and Colonel Garland, with eleven companies under their command, have been ordered to report to him at Culpeper; Records War of Rebellion, Vol. II, p. 821. and on the 10th, he writes to Colonel Cocke that the regiments under Colonels Garland and Preston were designed for Manassas Junction. Ibid, p. 824. On the 14th, Colonel Cocke reports. Ibid, p. 841. The force that I have been able to assemble thus far at Manassas Junction, consists of a detachment of artillery under Captain D. Kemper, with two six-pounders; Captain W. H. Payne's company, numbering 76 men; Captain J. S. Green's company, numbering 57 men; Captain Hamilton's company, numbering about 60, a
8th (search for this): chapter 12
Virginia Council, that on the 30th May, as nearly as could be ascertained, there was a total of thirty six thousand two hundred troops assembled in Virginia. Ibid, page 895. General Beauregard was called from Charleston at this time, and on the 31st May he was assigned to the command of the troops on the Alexandria line. Ibid, page 896. On the 5th June, General T. H. Holmes was sent to Fredericksburg, and directed to assume command of the troops in that vicinity, Ibid, page 907. and on the 8th, General R. S. Garnett was ordered to Staunton to command the troops operating in Northwestern Virginia. Ibid, page 915. The first battle in Virginia, and, indeed, the first battle of the war in which there were killed and wounded—for in the bombardment of Fort Sumter miraculously there were no casualties Excepting Assistant-Surgeon S. W. Crawford, United States Army, afterwards Major-General, who had volunteered to serve the guns in Fort Sumter, and who was slightly wounded by a piec
December 17th, 1860 AD (search for this): chapter 12
for actual service and for a definite period, was made under a resolution of the Convention of South Carolina, which passed the ordinance of secession. The General Assembly of the State, which was in session at the same time, had, on the 17th December, 1860, passed an act providing for an armed military force to be organized into a division of two or more brigades; but as it was deemed necessary to raise a smaller body of troops at once, on the 31st December, four days after the Charleston volas authorized to retain, with the colors, upon its reorganization after the expiration of its six months term, notwithstanding the fact that another regiment of the State—the first of those organized under the act of the Legislature of the 17th December, 1860—bore the same designation. This was unfortunate, but I think I can truthfully say that neither regiment found cause to be ashamed of the name borne by the other. We fell upon a modus vivendi, by calling our's Gregg's First, and were prou
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