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Oliver Wendell Holmes (search for this): chapter 7
tions; Whittier, at his best, had a too genuine poetic instinct for the concrete; and Lowell and Holmes had the saving gift of humor. Cultivated Boston gentlemen like Prescott, Motley, and Parkman poem in celebration of the eightythird birthday of his old friend of the Saturday Club, Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes. This was in 1892. The little Doctor, rather lonely in his latest years, composed soom college. IHe attended George Bancroft's school, went to Harvard in due course, where he knew Holmes, Sumner, and Wendell Phillips, and at Gottingen became a warm friend of a dog-lover and duelist in 1869 was appointed minister to London. Both of these appointments ended unhappily for him. Dr. Holmes, his loyal admirer and biographer, does not conceal the fact that a steadier, less excitable tearted gentleman, and his cosmopolitan experiences used to make his stay-at-home friend, Oliver Wendell Holmes, feel rather dull and provincial in comparison. Both were Sons of Liberty, but Motley h
Rousseau (search for this): chapter 7
and temperament, though not in doctrine or in sympathy. His literary affiliations were with the English and German Romanticists, and he possessed, for professional use, the ideas and vocabulary of his transcendental friends. Born in Salem in 1804, he was descended from Judge Haw. thorne of Salem Witchcraft fame, and from a long line of sea-faring ancestors. He inherited a morbid solitariness, redeemed in some measure by a physical endowment of rare strength and beauty. He read Spenser, Rousseau, and the Newgate Calendar, was graduated at Bowdoin, with Longfellow, in the class of 1825, and returned to Salem for thirteen brooding lonely years in which he tried to teach himself the art of story-writing. His earliest tales, like Irving's, are essays in which characters emerge; he is absorbed in finding a setting for a preconceived moral ; he is in love with allegory and parable. His own words about his first collection of stories, Twice-told tales, have often been quoted: They have
John Harvard (search for this): chapter 7
ng My books and My study windows, and an occasional book of verse. Again he made a long sojourn in Europe, resigned his Harvard professorship, and in 1877 was appointed Minister to Spain. After three years he was transferred to the most important Library of American biography, wrote lives of Franklin and Gouverneur Morris, was professor of history and President of Harvard, and lived to be seventy-seven. As editor of the writings of Franklin and Washington, he took what we now consider unpaiding sage, at ninety-one, inherited from his clergyman father a taste for history. He studied in Germany after leaving Harvard, turned schoolmaster, Democratic politician and office-holder, served as Secretary of the Navy, Minister to England and Boston Brahmin, born in the year of Prescott's graduation from college. IHe attended George Bancroft's school, went to Harvard in due course, where he knew Holmes, Sumner, and Wendell Phillips, and at Gottingen became a warm friend of a dog-lover
Byron (search for this): chapter 7
ission of murder: then begins the growth of his mind and character. Perhaps the haunting power of the main theme of the book has contributed less to its fame than the felicity of its descriptions of Rome and Italy. For Hawthorne possessed, like Byron, in spite of his defective training in the appreciation of the arts, a gift of romantic discernment which makes The Marble Faun, like Childe Harold, a glorified guide-book to the Eternal City. All of Hawthorne's books, in short, have a centrald democracy as thoroughly as Alexander Hamilton, and thought suffrage a failure; a nineteenth century historian who cared nothing for philosophy, science, or the larger lessons of history itself; a fascinating realistic writer who admired Scott, Byron, and Cooper for their tales of action, and despised Wordsworth and Thoreau as effeminate sentimentalists who were preoccupied with themselves. In Parkman the wheel has come full circle, and a movement that began with expansion of self ended in h
Gibbon (search for this): chapter 7
d of full recognition by their contemporaries. They had their world as in their time, as Chaucer makes the Wife of Bath say of herself, and it was a pleasant world to live in. Grandson of Prescott the brave of Bunker Hill, and son of the rich Judge Prescott of Salem, William Hickling Prescott was born in 1796, and was graduated from Harvard in 1814. An accident in college destroyed the sight of one eye, and left him but a precarious use of the other. Nevertheless he resolved to emulate Gibbon, whose Autobiography had impressed him, and to make himself an historian in the best sense of the term. He studied arduously in Europe, with the help of secretaries, and by 1826, after a long hesitation, decided upon a History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. In ten years the three volumes were finished. Pursuing the work in this quiet, leisurely way, without over-exertion or fatigue, wrote Prescott, or any sense of obligation to complete it in a given time, I have found it a cont
George Washington (search for this): chapter 7
achusetts men. Jared Sparks, it is true, inherited neither wealth nor leisure. He was a furious, unwearied toiler in the field of our national history. Born in 1789, by profession a Unitarian minister, he began collecting the papers of George Washington by 1825. John Marshall, the great jurist, had published his five-volume life of his fellow Virginian a score of years earlier. But Sparks proceeded to write another biography of Washington and to edit his writings. He also edited a LibraWashington and to edit his writings. He also edited a Library of American biography, wrote lives of Franklin and Gouverneur Morris, was professor of history and President of Harvard, and lived to be seventy-seven. As editor of the writings of Franklin and Washington, he took what we now consider unpardonable liberties in altering the text, and this error of judgment has somewhat clouded his just reputation as a pioneer in historical research. George Bancroft, who was born in 1800, and died, a horseback-riding sage, at ninety-one, inherited from his
John Greenleaf Whittier (search for this): chapter 7
to patronize Longfellow assume toward John Greenleaf Whittier an air of deference. This attitude w so much resembled Cooper's LeatherStocking. Whittier knew that his friend Longfellow was a better cism visited upon the active Abolitionists. Whittier entered the fight with absolute courage and wand image of country and the human. race. Whittier had now found himself as a poet. It is true t bits of foreign lore and fancy. For though Whittier never went abroad, his quiet life at Amesbury the unerring rightness of feeling with which Whittier's genius recreated his own lost youth and paior all time a true New England hearthside. Whittier was still to write nearly two hundred more pout we have never bred a more genuine man than Whittier, nor one who had more kinship with the saints. A few days before Whittier's death, he wrote an affectionate poem in celebration of the eightyt stories of Hawthorne, the political verse of Whittier and Lowell, presupposed a keen, reflecting au[5 more...]
Francis Parkman (search for this): chapter 7
Boston gentlemen like Prescott, Motley, and Parkman preferred to keep their feet on the solid earnd Ticknor, Bancroft and Prescott, Motley and Parkman, were Massachusetts men. Jared Sparks, it nest figure of the well-known Prescott-Motley-Parkman group of Boston historians. All of these mensts who were preoccupied with themselves. In Parkman the wheel has come full circle, and a movemen Becoming enamoured of the woods at sixteen, Parkman chose his life work at eighteen, and he was atand the history of the American forest young Parkman devoted his college vacations to long trips iy of shattered health, and for fourteen years Parkman fought for life and sanity, and produced prac accomplished. The history of the forest, as Parkman saw it, was a pageant with the dark wildernes soldier-hearted author. The quality which Parkman admired most in men-though he never seems to anfully by such admirable men as Prescott and Parkman. Trained intelligence, deliberate selection
Biglow (search for this): chapter 7
een-fifties to be the most Shakespearian man in America. When he was ten years out of college, in 1848, he published The Biglow papers (First Series), A Fable for critics, and The vision of Sir Launfal. After a long visit to Europe and the death ofic, and helped his friend Charles Eliot Norton edit The North American review. The Civil War inspired a second series of Biglow papers and the magnificent Commemoration Ode of 1865. Then came volume after volume of literary essays, such as Among My It was as a poet, however, that he first won his place in our literature, and it is by means of certain passages in the Biglow papers and the Commemoration Ode that he has most moved his countrymen. The effectiveness of The present crisis and Sir to his readers that one cannot wish it less in quantity; and in the field of political satire, such as the two series of Biglow papers, he had a theme and a method precisely suited to his temperament. No American has approached Lowell's success in
Maria White (search for this): chapter 7
prose and verse, and in their understanding of his personality. The external facts of his career are easy to trace and must be set down here with brevity. A minister's son, and descended from a very old and distinguished family, he was born at Elmwood in Cambridge in 1819. After a somewhat turbulent course, he was graduated from Harvard in 1838, the year of Emerson's Divinity School address. He studied law, turned Abolitionist, wrote poetry, married the beautiful and transcendental Maria White, and did magazine work in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia. He was thought by his friends in the eighteen-fifties to be the most Shakespearian man in America. When he was ten years out of college, in 1848, he published The Biglow papers (First Series), A Fable for critics, and The vision of Sir Launfal. After a long visit to Europe and the death of his wife, he gave some brilliant Lowell Institute lectures in Boston, and was appointed Longfellow's successor at Harvard. He went to Eu
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