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Bridgeport, Tennessee (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
hey were all through, and left us in momentary expectation of seeing the victorious Federals. They did not get along, however, until noon next day. Come to get at the truth of the matter, the advance of the cavalry had been fired into and seen more Yankees than they expected, whereupon a panic seized the whole command and they fled most ingloriously and ridiculously. Yet they were good soldiers. They simply took a panic. Only one man was killed, and he from the fall of his horse. The Bridgeport panic was equally ridiculous, some of Ledbetter's men on that occasion actually crowding one another off the bridge into the river in their fright. Had the Federal commander ran his cannon around to the hill on the upper side of the bridge, and which fully commanded it, he could have bagged the whole lot. The nearest approach to a panic I ever saw among the Union troops was in October, 1863, when Wheeler's cavalry got in behind the lines and burned a train of five hundred loaded wagons at
Cuba (Cuba) (search for this): chapter 27
a large part of his army passed through our neighborhood. The soldiers were much discouraged. Within a few months, they had retreated all the way from before Nashville — about one hundred and thirty miles-and, in all that time, they declared they had not been whipped. It's bad enough to run when we are whipped, said one of the soldiers; d-n this way of beating the Yankees and then running away from them! I asked one of the officers, an acquaintance, to what point they were retreating. To Cuba, he replied, sharply, if old Bragg can get a bridge built across from Florida! On the same retreat, a couple of soldiers stopped at a house near us, and proposed to swap horses, as theirs were worn out. Our neighbor trotted out two, and offered them a bargain. One of his horses, however, had a very white head and face. That one won't do, said one of the soldiers; the enemy could see that face a mile. No, said the other soldier, quickly, that's no objection; for the other end of Bragg's c
Battle Creek (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
sort on the other side. The Federals always appeared to me to be more self-possessed and cooler in the hour of danger, and I have seen them in some trying situations. The panics among the Southern troops that I happened to know of, from seeing some of the fugitives, was the famous Fishing creek panic, the Battle creek panic, and the Bridgeport panic. The Battle creek affair was very ridiculous. Two cavalry regiments were camped near us. Hearing there were some Yankees near the head of Battle creek they sallied forth in the early morning to scoop them up. They went out in fine style, and in the best of spirits. The commander, I believe, was Colonel Adams. Late in the afternoon a few cavalry came dashing through the town, bareheaded and covered with mud Get out of the way! they cried; the Yankees are right behind us! We are all cut to pieces! And on they went. Soon more came, and then the whole command, riding rapidly, some bareheaded, and all in a hurry, and apparently badly s
Knoxville (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
t at Mill Spring, Kentucky, January 19th, 1862. Here the idol of the Tennesseeans, General Felix K. Zollicoffer, was killed, and his command put to utter rout. I was living fully one hundred and fifty miles south of this battlefield; yet it is a fact that some of the panic-stricken soldiers stampeded that distance before they got over their fright! I saw some of them on horses without saddles, both men and animals having a wild look in the eyes, as if awakened from a terrible dream. At Knoxville, the fugitives had to be herded and guarded. Some went to that city, some to Chattanooga, and, indeed, they spread out over the face of the country like frightened cattle. Perhaps this panic was not equaled in the whole course of the war. It certainly served the purpose of awakening the Southern soldiers, in this part of the country, from the dream that the Yankees would be easily discouraged and overcome. The whole affair was extremely humiliating to the Confederates. Not only was th
Fort Donelson (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
considerable Union victory of the war. After that, the magnitude of the conflict dawned upon the people of the western portion of the Confederacy. It was an eye-opener, and dispelled the delusions they had been cherishing. A month after, Fort Donelson and Nashville fell, and the Confederate plans of campaign in the West were all broken up. General John B. Floyd (Secretary of War under Buchanan), who had escaped from Donelson, came through our neighborhood in retreat. The soldiers were muc only would point toward the enemy during the remainder of the war. This happened just as I have related it, and shows something of the spirit of Bragg's army on the famous retreat from Tullahoma. When General John B. Floyd retreated from Fort Donelson to Chattanooga, he passed near us, and made a speech to the people of the neighborhood, as I have before related, in which he said that he would never be taken alive by the Yankees, that he had a long settlement to make with them, which they
Edgefield (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
ople of the western portion of the Confederacy. It was an eye-opener, and dispelled the delusions they had been cherishing. A month after, Fort Donelson and Nashville fell, and the Confederate plans of campaign in the West were all broken up. General John B. Floyd (Secretary of War under Buchanan), who had escaped from Donelsoeir skill in horsemanship equaled their equipment, and then the Union cavalry became of extraordinary efficiency. For about a year and a half, one end of the Nashville and Chattanooga road was in possession of one army, and the other end held by the other. They see-sawed up and down its line, raided upon it, and fought over ev, a large part of his army passed through our neighborhood. The soldiers were much discouraged. Within a few months, they had retreated all the way from before Nashville — about one hundred and thirty miles-and, in all that time, they declared they had not been whipped. It's bad enough to run when we are whipped, said one of the
Tennessee River (United States) (search for this): chapter 27
was scarcely any. Even the pickets of the two armies used to exchange papers and coffee for tobacco. The Confederates had an abundance of tobacco, but no coffee, while the Union troops had coffee, but tobacco was scarce. For some time the Tennessee river, near us, was the line. It was nothing unusual for the soldiers to swim across to each other and make exchanges of coffee, tobacco, and papers. And in all these transactions I never knew an instance of bad faith on either side. The disis bacon? They thought it very sad, indeed, that they should find such a treasure, and not be able to make immediate use of it. Another neighbor had two wagon loads of bacon when the Federal advance was near. He hustled one load across the Tennessee river in a hurry, and came back for the other. When he returned to the south side of the river again, he found that the Southern troops had eaten the last morsel of his first load, and were lying in wait for the second. He broke down completely.
Huntsville (Alabama, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
f General 0. M. Mitchell, he subsequently recovered the most of this money; but the conduct of the soldiers, on this occasion, was a stunning blow to the Union people. It happened that the company were foreigners, and, however valuable they might be as fighters, they had an eye to pillage. They stole more in a few hours than the Southern soldiers, in the same immediate neighborhood, had stolen in the whole course of the war up to that time. This company returned in the direction of Huntsville, Alabama, the same day, and we saw no more Federals for about five weeks. Meantime, the Southern soldiers came in, and from that time until the close of the war the citizens were first treated to one side and then the other. Near the close of 1863, I left that part of the country, and went North; but, having been within both lines and both camps, my opportunities for observing the characteristics of the two armies were excellent. Beside, I had kinsmen and friends in each army operating in
Chattanooga (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
ned from a terrible dream. At Knoxville, the fugitives had to be herded and guarded. Some went to that city, some to Chattanooga, and, indeed, they spread out over the face of the country like frightened cattle. Perhaps this panic was not equaledcipitating the Southern States into secession. It was about the 1st of March that Floyd came through on his way to Chattanooga. In two months-May 1st, 1862-the first Yankees appeared in our neighborhood. It was a company of the Tenth Ohio Infaen the Union cavalry became of extraordinary efficiency. For about a year and a half, one end of the Nashville and Chattanooga road was in possession of one army, and the other end held by the other. They see-sawed up and down its line, raided t of Bragg's army on the famous retreat from Tullahoma. When General John B. Floyd retreated from Fort Donelson to Chattanooga, he passed near us, and made a speech to the people of the neighborhood, as I have before related, in which he said th
Tennessee (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 27
Characteristics of the armies H. V. Redfield. For the first three years of the war my home in Tennessee was surrounded by the armed hosts of one army, and then the other (and sometimes both at once, or so near it as to be uncomfortable), and my opportunities for observation were good. When the war broke out, the people of our portion of lower East Tennessee calculated upon exemption fro its ravages. I remember vividly how the old citizens in whom I had implicit confidence, shook their East Tennessee calculated upon exemption fro its ravages. I remember vividly how the old citizens in whom I had implicit confidence, shook their heads with prophetic earnestness, saying that we would see no soldiers of either army, as they couldn't get their cannons over these mountains. The leading merchant,--the leading minister, and the leading physician were of his opinion, and the solemn judgment of three such distinguished men was, in my mind, all but conclusive. Yet, alas! the village knowledge of war proved as illusive as that of Betsey Ward, when her old man, the immortal A. Ward, was prancing up and down the room, musket in
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