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7th (search for this): chapter 5
and Georgia, receive one peck of Indian meal per week. On the turpentine plantations some bosses allow, in addition, one quart of molasses and five pounds of pork; others, one quart of molasses and three pounds of pork; others, again, two or two and a half pounds of pork, minus the molasses. On many plantations the slaves are allowed one peck of meal a week without any other provisions. In such cases, I believe, they are generally permitted to keep poultry, whose eggs they dispose of on Sundays or at night, and with the money buy pork or vegetables. They bake the meal into cakes or dumplings, or make mush with it. One peck of meal is as much as any one person can consume in a week. No slave ever complained to me of the quantity of his allowance. Several who received no pork, or only two pounds a fortnight, complained that We's not ‘nuf fed, mass'r, for de work da takes out on us; and others, again, said that the sameness of the diet was sickening. Everywhere, however, the slav
September 20th (search for this): chapter 5
ould imagine that I am quoting from the files of the Liberator--and in order that he may again peruse these extracts, and remember that they are culled from the speeches of Virginia slave-holders — I will reserve the remaining extracts for another chapter, and conclude by quoting from a letter of my own, which accompanied the little volume above alluded to, from the city of Richmond to a friend in New York. Treatment of Free negroes in Virginia. A free person of color told me to-day (Sept. 20th) that it is an offence in Richmond, punishable with imprisonment and. stripes on the bare back, for a negro, whether free or bond, male or female, to take the inside of the sidewalk in passing a white man! Negroes are required to give the wall, and, if necessary, to get off the sidewalk into the street. Rowdies take great pleasure, whenever they see a well-dressed colored person with his wife approaching, to walk as near the edge of the pavement as possible, in order to compel them to go
September 23rd (search for this): chapter 5
fish and game, and poultry and eggs. They had no care of the morrow; all their thinking he did for them. He admitted that Virginia would have been better off if never a negro had come there. Nearly all the slaveholders admit that fact. How to get rid of it — that is the mountain they all see, without industry or genius — alas! also, without even the desire to remove it. But it must be removed, or it will fall--and great will be the fall of it! The Slaveocracy and the poor. Sept. 23.--I slept at the house of a petty farmer, a few miles from Petersburg. We talked about slavery. He has no slaves. He is a Virginian by birth. He owns about two hundred acres of land, which he cultivates with his family's assistance. In this State, or in this section of it, two hundred acres are hardly accounted a farm. Five thousand and six thousand acre farms are very common. The farmer, his wife, his daughter and son-in-law agreed in saying, that the poor people of Virginia are loo
September 25th (search for this): chapter 5
e non-slaveholders here are secret abolitionists. I walked as far as Weldon, North Carolina, from Petersburg, and there I took the cars for Wilmington. On the road I had a talk with a Virginia slave, which I reserve for another chapter. Ii. Virginia. Talk with a Virginia slave Contentment with slavery treatment of slaves on plantations an unbelieving negro Canada negroes treatment of Free negroes North and South concerning linen, Talk with a Virginia slave. September 25.--Thirty-three miles south of Petersburg. In walking near the railroad, I met a man of color. What time do you think it is? I asked. The sun is up ‘bout half an hour, he said, politely touching his hat. At what hour does the sun rise just now? Dunno, mass'r. How old are you? Forty-five year old, mass'r. Are you married? Yes, mass'r, I is. Have you got any children? Yes, mass'r I's got five. Did you ever try to run away? No, mass'r, I neber did.
September 28th (search for this): chapter 5
these days, said the Washington Union--the organ of the Cabinet — quite recently, after publishing ten mortal columns of the most profitable kind of government advertisements. Well, be it so; every man to his taste! Vi. North Carolina. Wagoner talk with a young slave afraid of the Abolitionists the axeman discontent arm the slaves! murder and torture of slaves work! work! work! about clothing, etc a plan of Emancipation, I continue my extracts from my Diary: September 28.--At Weldon. This morning I took a walk in the woods. A colored man, driving a horse and wagon, was approaching. I accosted him and got into the wagon. We soon began to talk about slavery. Afraid of the Abolitionists. He said that he had often seen me within the last few days, and that the people in this district were very much afraid of the abolitionists coming down here and advising the negroes to run away. Whenever a stranger came here, they asked one another who he was, a
November (search for this): chapter 5
he railroad, hands sleep in miserable shanties along the line. Their bed is an inclined pine board — nothing better, softer, or warmer, as I can testify from my personal experience. Their covering is a blanket. The fireplaces in these cabins are often so clumsily constructed that all the heat ascends the chimney, instead of diffusing itself throughout the miserable hut, and warming its still more miserable tenants. In such cases, the temperature of the cabin, at this season of the year (November), is bitterly cold and uncomfortable. I frequently awoke, at all hours, shivering with cold, and found shivering slaves huddled up near the fire. Of course, as the negroes are not released from their work until sunset, and as, after coming to their cabins, they have to cook their ash-cakes, or mush, or dumplings, these huts are by no means remarkable for their cleanly appearance. Poor fellows! in that God-forsaken section of the earth they seldom see a woman from Christmas to Christmas.
December 25th (search for this): chapter 5
er ‘lows us anyding for oursel's at all from Christmas to Christmas. What! Don't he give you a present at Christmas? NoChristmas? No, mass'r, not a cent. Some bosses do ‘low someding at Christmas; but not my boss. He doesn't even gib us ‘bacca to chaw. Christmas; but not my boss. He doesn't even gib us ‘bacca to chaw. He was carrying a bag in which his day's provisions and his tools were. He took out four apples, and offered them to me. rural slaves — plantation hands never have money — is at Christmas, when some owners give their hands ten or fifteen dollarson of the earth they seldom see a woman from Christmas to Christmas. If they are married men, they are tantalized by the thoey are hard worked from sun to sun, and from Christmas to Christmas, but they are well fed and clothed, and comfortably lodge coarse, was deserved.) These negroes return regularly at Christmas to see their wives and little ones--if not sold--and to b wives on these old plantations; while, from Christmas to Christmas, many of the slaves in the pineries and on the railr
1825 AD (search for this): chapter 5
he evil, and for maintaining within their respective limits the authorities, rights and liberties appertaining to them. Kentucky indorsed this doctrine through the pen of Thomas Jefferson: The several States, so the passage reads, who formed the instrument being sovereign and independent, have the unquestionable right to judge of the infraction, and a nullification, by those sovereignties, of all unauthorized acts done under color of that instrument is the rightful remedy. As late as 1825, Mr. Jefferson adhered to this doctrine. See his letter to William B. Giles, dated December, 1825. The Southern Quarterly Review, the chief organ of the slave power, has repeatedly promulgated and defended this doctrine. It is from that periodical — June No. for 1845--that these extracts are selected. Of course it was not the fugitive slave law that called forth these opinions; but as what is sauce for the tariff must equally be sauce for freedom, it cannot complain of my use of its arg
December, 1825 AD (search for this): chapter 5
ies appertaining to them. Kentucky indorsed this doctrine through the pen of Thomas Jefferson: The several States, so the passage reads, who formed the instrument being sovereign and independent, have the unquestionable right to judge of the infraction, and a nullification, by those sovereignties, of all unauthorized acts done under color of that instrument is the rightful remedy. As late as 1825, Mr. Jefferson adhered to this doctrine. See his letter to William B. Giles, dated December, 1825. The Southern Quarterly Review, the chief organ of the slave power, has repeatedly promulgated and defended this doctrine. It is from that periodical — June No. for 1845--that these extracts are selected. Of course it was not the fugitive slave law that called forth these opinions; but as what is sauce for the tariff must equally be sauce for freedom, it cannot complain of my use of its argument. Freemen of the North! unfurl the Southern flag of Nullification! Resist the Fugiti
1829 AD (search for this): chapter 5
t down beside mine, and we gets married dat-a-way! Do ministers never marry you? Yes, mass'r, sometimes; but not of'en. Mass'r, has you got a chaw of ‘bacca? I never yet gave a chaw of ‘bacca without accompanying it with a revolutionary truth. John Bunyan, I remember, gave a text with his alms. The Fugitive slave act. The South has proclaimed the right of any Northern State to pass a Personal Liberty Law — to annul the Fugitive Slave Act! In the Resolutions of ‘98, and in 1829, Virginia proclaimed that Each State has the right to construe the federal compact for itself. If, therefore, a Northern State believes that the Constitution does not warrant a fugitive slave act, of course it has the right, and it is its duty, to protect the panting fugitive by a Personal Liberty Law! So, too, South Carolina. In 1830 she said: The government created by the Constitutional compact was not made the exclusive and final judge of the extent of the powers delegated to itse
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