Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

A.private person, individual, opp. the State, “ξυμφέροντα καὶ πόλεσι καὶ ἰδιώταις” Th.1.124, cf. 3.10, SIG37.3 (Teos, v B.C.), Pl.Smp.185b, X.Vect.4.18, etc.; opp. γένος, SIG1013.6 (Chios, iv B.C.); opp. φατρία, ib.987.28 (ibid., iv B.C.).

II. one in a private station, opp. to one holding public office, or taking part in public affairs, Hdt.1.59,123, al., cf. Decr. ap.And.1.84, Th.4.2, etc.; opp. βασιλεύς, Hdt.7.3; opp. ἄρχων, Lys.5.3, Pl.Plt.259b, SIG305.71 (iv B.C.); opp. δικαστής, Antipho 6.24; opp. πολιτευόμενος, D.10.70; opp. ῥήτωρ, Hyp.Eux.27; private soldier, opp. στρατηγός, X.An.1.3.11, cf.PHib.1.30.21 (iii B.C.); layman, opp. priest, OGI90.52 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), PGnom.200 (ii A.D.), 1 Ep.Cor.14.16: as Adj., “ἰ. ἄνδρες” Hdt.1.32,70, Th.1.115; ἰ. θεοί homely (with play on ἴδιος), Ar.Ra.891.

2. common man, plebeian, “οἱ ἰ. καὶ πένητες” Plu.Thes.24; ἰ. καὶ εὐτελής, opp. βασιλεύς, Hdn.4.10.2.

3. as Adj., ἰ. βίος private station, Pl.R.578c; ἰ. λόγος everyday speech, D.H.Dem.2, cf. Longin.31.2.

III. one who has no professional knowledge, layman, καὶ ἰατρὸς καὶ ἰ. Th.2.48, cf. Hp.VM 4, Pl.Tht.178c, Lg.933d; “ἰ. ἤ τινα τέχνην ἔχων” Id.Sph.221c; of prose-writers, ἐν μέτρῳ ὡς ποιητής, ἢ ἄνευ μέτρου ὡς ἰ. Id.Phdr.258d, cf. Smp.178b; “ἰ. καὶ μηδὲν αὐλήσεως ἐπαΐων” Id.Prt.327c; opp. to a professed orator, Isoc.4.11; to a trained soldier, X.Eq.Mag.8.1; ἰδιώτας, ὡς εἰπεῖν, χειροτέχναις （-νας codd.) “ἀνταγωνισαμένους” Th.6.72; opp. ἀσκητής, X.Mem.3.7.7, cf. 12.1; opp. ἀθλητής, Arist.EN 1116b13; opp. a professed philosopher, Id.Pol.1266a31, Phld.Lib. p.5<*> O., D.1.25; in Music, Id.Mus.p.42 K.; opp. δημιουργός, Pl.Prt. 312a, Thg.124c: as Adj., ὁ ἰ. ὄχλος, opp. artificers, Plu.Per.12.

2. c. gen. rei, unpractised, unskilled in a thing, “ἰατρικῆς” Pl.Prt.345a, cf. Ti.20a; “ἔργου” X.Oec.3.9; ἰ. κατὰ τοὺς πόνους, κατὰ τὸν ὕπνον, Id.Cyr. 1.5.11; “ἰ. τὰ ἄλλα” Hdn.4.12.1; “ἰ. ὡς πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀγωνίζεσθαι” X.Cyr. l.c., cf. Luc.Herm.81.

3. generally, raw hand, ignoramus, “ἄν τε δεινοὶ λάχωσιν ἄν τε ἰδιῶται . . ” D.4.35; παιδάρια καὶ ἰ., of slaves, S.E. M.1.234 (cf. “ἰ. οἰκέται” Luc.Alex.30); ἀμαθὴς καὶ ἰ., opp. τεχνίτης, Id.Ind.29; voc. ἰδιῶτα, as a term of abuse, Men.Sam.71.

4. 'average man', opp. a person of distinction, Plu.2.1104a.

IV. ἰδιῶται, οἱ, one's own countrymen, opp. ξένοι, Ar.Ra.459.