A.strike, dash against, “ποτὶ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ” Il.1.245; ἁψῖδα πέτρῳ π. letting it dash against . . , E.Hipp.1233; τὸν πρὶν ὄλβον ἕρματι π. having wrecked his happiness on a reef, A.Eu.564 (lyr.); π. τινὰς ὥσπερ θηρία τινί set them on him, D.18.322; of attacking, “πύλαισι . . π. λόχον” A.Th.460; “π. δόρυ τισί” E.Ph.728; “παισὶ χεῖρα” Id.Alc.307; but freq. without any notion of violence, apply, μαλακὰν χέρα π. [ἕλκει], of a surgeon, Pi.P.4.271; of cupping instruments, Hp.VM22 (Pass.), Aen.Tact.11.14, Gal.11.93: generally, “τὰ μὲν αὐτὰ προσέβαλε” S.Tr.844 (lyr.); προσβαλοῦσ᾽ ὅσα . . εἶπε applying, carrying out . . , ib.580; “τι πρός τι” Pl.Ti.36b; “τὴν ὄψιν πρός τι” Id.Tht.193c; mostly “τί τινι, παρειὰν π. παρηΐδι” E.Hec.410; “κλιμάκων ὀρθοστάτας πύλῃσιν” Id.Supp.498; “ὄμματα τέκνοις” Id.Med.860 (lyr.):—Pass., κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις having golden mouthpieces affixed, A.Fr.185.
b. Math., draw a straight line to meet, ποτί c. acc., Archim.Spir.6, al.
2. assign to, procure for, “κέρδος ἡμῖν” Hdt.7.51; [Λακεδαιμονίοισι] Ὀλυμπιάδα gave them the honour of an Olympic victory, Id.6.70; π. ἄσην τῷ πατρί cause him distress, Id.1.136; “π. μελέταν σοφισταῖς” Pi.I.5(4).29; “κακὸν πόλει” A.Pers.781; “μοι διπλᾶς ὁδούς” Id.Pr.951; “ἐμοὶ ὠδῖνας” S.Tr.42; “εὔκλειαν σαυτῇ τε κἀμοί” Id.El.974; “μή σοί τιν᾽ αἰσχρὰν π. κληδόνα” E. Alc.315; π. τινὶ ἔγκλημα, αἰτίαν, Antipho 4.2.4,3.2.4; “π. τινὶ αἰσχύνην” Pl.Lg.878c; π. δεῖμα πατρί, Lat. incutere timorem alicui, E.Ion 584; “ὀργὰς ἀκόρεστά τε νείκη” Id.Med.640 (lyr.); “συμφορὰς καὶ νόσους τισί” Lys.Fr.53; ὅρκον π. τινί lay an oath upon him, S.Tr.255; π. τὴν ἑαυτῶν μορφήν τισι contribute their own form, i.e. be like them, Ael.NA14.12.
c. place at a buyer's disposal, “αὐτῷ ἱερεῖα” PCair.Zen.161.5 (iii B.C.):—Med., προσεβαλόμεθα τὰ παρ᾽ ἡμῶν we accepted an offer for our crop . . , ib.354.22 (iii B.C.).
d. deliver corn as payment, “προσβέβληκεν ἐπὶ θησαυρὸν” PRyl.200.1 (ii A.D.), cf. POxy.1440.1 (ii A.D.), etc.; pay in money, PRyl.217.1 (ii A.D., Pass.), PLond.3.1164 (k) 19 (iii A.D., Pass.).
3. with acc. of the object struck, ἀρούρας π., of the Sun, strike the earth with his rays, Il.7.421, Od.19.433; “μή σε π. πέμφιξ” A.Fr.205; of smells, “βροτοῦ [ὀσμὴ] με προσέβαλε” Ar.Pax180; “ὀσμὴ π. τὰς ῥῖνας” Ael.NA13.21; χρῶμα οὔτε τὸ προσβάλλον οὔτε τὸ προσβαλλόμενον neither that which strikes [the eye] nor that which is struck, Pl.Tht.154a; τοὺς ἄνδρας ἠχὼ π. Philostr.VA6.26; “π. σε τὸ λιτὸν καὶ αὐτοφυὲς τῆς μούσης” Philostr.Jun.Im.10.
4. with acc. of the thing thrown, ἀτμὸν βαρὺν π. D.S.2.12 (v.l. προβ-), cf. Ael.NA14.22; “τράγου ὀσμήν” Dsc.4.50; “πνοιήν τινι” Luc.Syr.D. 30; of taste, γευσαμένῳ ὅμοιόν τι μήλῳ π. Dsc.4.6, cf. Gal.Vict. Att.1.3: also c. gen., τὰ κρέα ἰχθύων π. sends [a smell] of fish, Str.15.2.2; κνίσης π. Ael.NA14.27; ἰχθυηρᾶς ὀσμῆς π. ib.20: metaph., to be redolent of, τέχνης, Στωικῆς ταλαιπωρίας, Phld.Rh. 2.218,293 S.
7. add, throw into the bargain, Antiph.206.5; add an ingredient, Philum.Ven.10.2, Sammelb. 7350.9 (iii/iv A.D.).
II. intr., strike against, make an attack or assault upon, “πύλαις” A.Th.615; αὐτοῖς, ἀλλήλοις, E.Ph.724, Th. 1.49; τῇ Οἰνόῃ, τῷ φρουρίῳ, etc., Id.2.19,93, etc.; also “πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος” Hdt.3.155, 9.86; “πρὸς τὰ τείχη” Lys.14.33; “πρὸς τὴν πόλιν” Th.2.56; “πρὸς τοὺς ὁπλίτας” X.An.6.3.6; πρὸς τὸν λόφον ib.4.2.11: abs., attack, charge, Hdt.7.211, 9.22,25; προσβαλὼν αἱρεῖ τὴν πόλιν by assault, X.HG1.6.13.
2. put in with a ship, “ἐς τὸν λιμένα” Th.8.101; “πρὸς Τάραντα” Id.6.44: c. dat., Σικελίᾳ ib.4; “Ἰωνίᾳ” Id.8.12, cf. SIG456.36 (Cos, iii B.C.).
3. generally, collide, “προσβαλούσης τῆς νεὼς πρὸς ὁλκάδα” Pl.La.183d; impinge, “πρὸς ὄψιν ἢ πρὸς ἀκοήν” Id.R. 401c, cf. Arist.Col.792a20; “ὀσμὴ π. τινί” Thphr.HP9.7.1, D.S.2.19; of winds, Arist.Pr.947a22; σεισμὸς τῇ Κρήτῃ π. Philostr.VA4.34; π. τοῖς ἄρχουσιν approach them, Plu.Nic.30; “ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίας τῇ Ἀττικῇ” Id.Phoc.21; light upon, in argument, Anon.Lond.37.54.
B. Med., ταύτην οὔτ᾽ ἔπεϊ προτιβάλλεαι, οὔτε τι ἔργῳ payest no heed to, Il.5.879; but also, throw oneself upon another's protection, A.R.4.1046; π. γυναικὶ περὶ ἀφροδίτης make advances, Sch.Ar.Eq. 514; associate with oneself, Opp.H.5.98.
