A.call gods and men to witness, protest solemnly, esp. in case of falsehood or wrong, “βοᾶν καὶ δ.” D.18.23,143; δ. μή . ., c. inf., Id.33.20; δ. ὅπως μή . ., c. fut., Id.42.28; δ. τινὶ μὴ ποιεῖν protest against his doing, Aeschin.2.89: c. inf., Plb.1.33.5,al.; call to witness, “ὑμῖν τὸν οὐρανόν” LXXJu.7.28.
2. generally, protest, asseverate, Pl.Phd.101a, etc., PSI4.422(iii B.C.): c. acc., bear witness to, “τὸ εὐαγγέλιον” Act.Ap.20.24; testify, LXXDe.32.46, al.; τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὰς ἀνομίας αὐτῆς ib.Ez.16.2.
3. abs., beg earnestly of one, conjure him, X.Cyr.7.1.9; “δ. καὶ παρακαλεῖν” Act.Ap.2.40; δ. τινὰ ἵνα . . 1 Ep.Ti.5.21.