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πῖ

Π, π, πῖ, indecl.: sixteenth letter of Gr. alphabet. As numeral π41 = 80, but ̀̀, ̀̀π = 80, 000. π is the tenuis labial mute, related to the medial β and the aspirate φ. Changes of π in the Gr. dialects, etc.
1.π becomes φ, βλέπ-ω βλέφ-αρον, λάπ-τω λαφ-ύσσω.
2.in aeolic and ionic, it stands for the asp. φ, ἀμπί for ἀμφί, πανός for φανός, ἀπικέσθαι for ἀφικ-: in ionic it was retained in apostrophe before an aspirate, ἀπ᾽ ἡμῶν, ἐπ᾽ ἡμέρην, ὑπ᾽ ὑμῶν, etc.: on the contrary the aspirated form was preferred in attic, ἀσφάραγος for ἀσπάραγος, σφόνδυλος for σπόνδυλος.
3.in ionic Prose, π becomes κ in relatives and interrogatives, κῶς ὅκως ὁκοῖος ὁκόσος for πῶς ὅπως ὁποῖος ὁπόσος.
4.in aeolic, π is used for μ, ὄππα for ὄμμα, πεδά for μετά.
5.in aeolic and doric, π for τ, πέτορες for τέσσαρες, πέμπε for πέντε.
6.sometimes interchanged with γ, as in λαπαρός λαγαρός, λαπάρα λαγών, λάγος lepus.
7.in aeolic and epic Poetry, π is often doubled in relatives, as ὅππη ὅππως ὁπποῖος for ὅπη, etc.
8.in Poets, τ is inserted after π, as in πτόλις, πτόλεμος for πόλις, πόλεμος.

Liddell and Scott. An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1889.

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