I.the palm of the hand.
I. Lit., Cic. Or. 32, 113; Cels. 8, 18: “cavis undam de flumine palmis Sustulit,” Verg. A. 8, 69: “aliquem palmā concutere,” Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 7: “faciem contundere palmā,” Juv. 13, 128: os hominis liberi manus suae palmā verberare, Laber. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 13. —
II. Transf.
A. (Pars pro toto.) The hand: “compressan' palma an porrecta ferio?” Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 53: “palmarum intentus,” Cic. Sest. 55, 117: “passis palmis salutem petere,” Caes. B. C. 3, 98: “teneras arcebant vincula palmas,” Verg. A. 2, 406: “duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,” id. ib. 1, 93: “amplexus tremulis altaria palmis,” Ov. M. 5, 103; Val. Fl. 8, 44.—
B. The sole of a goose's foot: “palmas pedum anseris torrere,” Plin. 10, 22, 27, § 52.—
C. The broad end or blade of an oar: palmarum pulsus, Laber. ap. Non. 151, 27: “caerula verrentes abiegnis aequora palmis,” Cat. 64, 7; Vitr. 10, 8.—
D. A palm-tree, a palm, φοῖνιξ: “ab ejus summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,” Caes. B. G. 6, 26; Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 39: “in palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum,” id. 13, 11, 21, § 69; 16, 42, 81, § 223; Gell. 3, 6, 2: “arbor palmae,” Suet. Aug. 94: “ardua,” Verg. G. 2, 67: “viridis,” Ov. A. A. 2, 3: “arbusto palmarum dives Idume,” Luc. 3, 216.—Sing. collect.: “umbrosa,” Juv. 15, 76.—Hence,
2. Transf.
a. The fruit of the palm-tree, a date (poet.): “quid vult palma sibi rugosaque carica,” Ov. F. 1, 185; Pers. 6, 39.—
b. A palm-branch, e. g. which was suspended in wine to make it sweeter, Cato, R. R. 113; Col. 12, 20, 5.—
c. Hence, also, a broom made of palm-twigs: “ten' lapides varios lutulentā radere palmā,” Hor. S. 2, 4, 83 (pro scopis ex palmā confectis, Schol.); Mart. 14, 82.—
d. A palm-branch or palm-wreath, as a token of victory: “eodem anno (461 A.U.C.) ... palmae primum, translato e Graeciā more, victoribus datae,” Liv. 10, 47; cf.: “more victorum cum palmā discucurrit,” Suet. Calig. 32: IMP. CAES. EX SICILIA EID. NOV. TRIVMPHAVIT, PALMAM DEDIT, dedicated to Jupiter, Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 607; so very frequently: palmam dare, Tabulae Fastorum Triumph., v. Bullet. Instit. Archaeol. 1861, p. 91; cf. Isid. Orig. 18, 2, 4; hence,
e. Transf., a token or badge of victory, the palm or prize; and still more gen., victory, honor, glory, pre-eminence: “antehac est habitus parcus ... is nunc in aliam partem palmam possidet,” Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 32: “plurimarum palmarum gladiator,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17: “cum palmam jam primus acceperit,” id. Brut. 47, 173: “quos Elea domum reducit Palma caelestes,” Hor. C. 4, 2, 17: “quam palmam utinam di immortales tibi reservent,” Cic. Sen. 6, 19: “docto oratori palma danda est,” id. de Or. 3, 35, 143; id. Att. 4, 15, 6; id. Phil. 11, 5, 11: “alicujus rei palmam alicui deferre,” id. de Or. 2, 56, 227; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 1: “palmā donare aliquem,” Ov. A. A. 2, 3: “arbiter pugnae posuisse nudo Sub pede palmam Fertur,” Hor. C. 3, 20, 11. —Of things: “Siculum mel fert palmam,” bears away the palm, has the preference, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14.—
f. Hence, in gen., the topmost twig or branch of any tree: “quae cujusque stipitis palma sit,” Liv. 33, 5, 10; cf. Curt. 4, 3, 10 (Mütz.)—
g. Poet., of the victor himself: “post Helymus subit et jam tertia palma Diores,” Verg. A. 5, 339; Sil. 16, 504, 574.—
h. Of horses: “Eliadum palmae equarum,” Verg. G. 1, 59.—
k. Also, of one about to be conquered, and who is to become the prize of the victor: “ultima restabat fusis jam palma duobus Virbius,” Sil. 4, 392.—
E. A branch on a tree, esp. on a vine, = palmes, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202; Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 3; Col. 3, 17, 4; 4, 15, 3; 4, 24, 12 sq.—
F. The fruit of an Egyptian tree, Plin. 12, 22, 47, § 103.—
G. An aromatic plant growing in Africa and Syria, Plin. 12, 28, 62, § 134 (= elate).—
H. A marine plant, Plin. 13, 25, 49, § 138.—
K. A town in the Balearic islands, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 77.
