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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) | 26 | 26 | Browse | Search |
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) | 2 | 2 | Browse | Search |
Pausanias, Description of Greece | 2 | 2 | Browse | Search |
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Demosthenes, Speeches 41-50 | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Epictetus, Works (ed. George Long) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Aristotle, Politics | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, books 43-45 (ed. Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D.) | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
Aristotle, Economics | 1 | 1 | Browse | Search |
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 356 BC or search for 356 BC in all documents.
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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Alexander Iii. or Alexander the Great
(*)Ale/candros), king of MACEDONIA, surnamed the Great, was born at Pella, in the autumn of B. C. 356.
He was the son of Philip II. and Olympias, and he inherited much of the natural disposition of both of his parents--the cool forethought and practical wisdom of his father, and the ardent enthusiasm and ungovernable passions of his mother. His mother belonged to the royal house of Epeirus, and through her he traced his descent from the great hero Achilles. His early education was committed to Leonidas and Lysimachus, the former of whom was a relation of his mother's, and the latter an Acarnanian. Leonidas early accustomed him to endure toil and hardship, but Lysimachus recommended himself to his royal pupil by obsequious flattery. But Alexander was also placed under the care of Aristotle, who acquired an influence over his mind and character, which is manifest to the latest period of his life. Aristotle wrote for his use a treatise on the art of
Artaba'zus
4. A Persian general, who was sent in B. C. 362, in the reign of Artaxerxes II., against the revolted Datames, satrap of Cappadocia, but was defeated by the bravery and resolution of the latter. (Diod. 15.91; comp. Thirlwall, Hist. of Greece, vi. p. 129.)
In the reign of Artaxerxes III., Artabazus was satrap of western Asia, but in B. C. 356 he refused obedience to the king, which involved him in a war with the other satraps, who acknowledged the authority of Artaxerxes.
He was at first supported by Chares, the Athenian, and his mercenaries, whom he rewarded very generously.
Afterwards he was also supported by the Thebans, who sent him 5000 men under Pammenes.
With the assistance of these and other allies, Artabazus defeated his enemies in two great battles. Artaxerxes, however, succeeded in depriving him of his Athenian and Boeotian allies, whereupon Artabazus was defeated by the king's general, Autophradates, and was even taken prisoner. The Rhodians, Mentor and Memnon,
Censori'nus
1. C. Marcius Rutilus Censorinus, C. F. L. N., was the son of C. Marcius Rutilus, the first plebeian dictator (B. C. 356) and censor (B. C. 351).
He was consul in B. C. 310 with Q. Fabius Maximus, and while his colleague was engaged in his brilliant campaign in Etruria, Rutilus conducted the war in Samnium and took the town of Allifae.
He afterwards fought a battle with the Samnites, in which he was probably defeated; for the statement of Livy, that the battle was a drawn one, is almost outweighed by his confession, that the consul himself was wounded and a legate and several tribunes of the soldiers killed. (Liv. 9.33, 38; Diod. 20.27.)
On the admission of the plebs to the priestly colleges by the Ogulnian law in B. C. 300, by which also the number of their members was increased, Rutilus was elected one of the pontiffs. (Liv. 10.9.)
He was censor with P. Cornelius Arvina in 294 (Liv. 10.47), and a second time with Cn. Cornelius Blasio in 265, the only instance in which
Chaeron
(*Xai/rwn), a man of Megalopolis, who, shortly before the birth of Alexander the Great, B. C. 356, was sent by Philip to consult the Delphic oracle about the snake which he had seen with Olympias in her chamber. (Plut. Alex. 3.)
It was perhaps this same Chaeron who, in the speech (pepi\ tw=n pro\s *)Ale/c. p. 214) attributed by some to Demosthenes, is mentioned as having been made tyrant of Pellene by Alexander (comp. Fabric. Bibl. Graec. b. ii. ch. 26), and of whom we read in Athenaeus (xi. p. 509) as having been a pupil both of Plato and Xenocrates.
He is said to have conducted himself very tyranically at Pellene, banishing the chief men of the state, and giving their property and wives to their slaves. Athenaeus, in a cool and off-hand way of his own, speaks of his cruelty and oppression as the natural effect of Plato's principles in the " Republic" and the " Laws." [E.