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Huron Indians.
See Iroquois Indians.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hutchinson , Thomas 1711 -1780 (search)
Illinois Indians,
A family of the Algonquian nation that comprised several clans—Peorias, Moingwenas, Kaskaskias, Tamnaroas, and Cahokias.
At a very early period they drove a Dakota tribe, whom they called the Arkansas, to the country on the southern Mississippi.
These were the Quapaws.
In 1640 they almost exterminated the Winnebagoes; and soon afterwards they waged war with the Iroquois and Sioux.
Their domain was between Lakes Michigan and Superior and the Mississippi River.
Marquette found some of them (the Peorias and Moingwenas) near Des Moines, west of the Mississippi, in 1672; also the Peorias and Kaskaskias on the Illinois River.
The Tamaroas and Cahokias were on the Mississippi.
The Jesuits found the chief Illinois town consisting of 8,000 people, in nearly 400 large cabins, covered with water-proof mats, with, generally, four fires to a cabin.
In 1679 they were badly defeated by the Iroquois, losing about 1,300, of whom 900 were prisoners: and they retaliated by
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Imperialism. (search)
Indians,
The name commonly applied to the people found by Columbus in America; by many authorities believed to have been the aboriginal inhabitants.
The following remarks and tables refer to Indians within the present area of the United States.
In manners, customs, and general features the difference between the Indians of the Gulf States and those of the shores of the Northern Lakes is scarcely perceptible; it is only by languages that they can be grouped into great families.
East of the Mississippi there were not more than eight radically distinct languages, four of which are still in existence, while the others have disappeared.
Names and location of the principal tribes of the eight Great families at the time of the first settlements.
Name.Location.
I. Algonquian tribes:
MicmacsEast of the State of Maine.
Etchemins or Canoe menMaine.
AbenakisNew Hampshire and Maine.
NarragansetsEastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island.
Pokanokets or Wampanoags
PequotsCentral M
Indians, American
Believing the earth to be a globe, Columbus expected to find India or Eastern Asia by sailing westward from Spain.
The first land discovered by him—one of the Bahama
A modern Comanche. Islands—he supposed to be a part of India, and he called the inhabitants Indians. This name was afterwards applied to alIndians. This name was afterwards applied to all the nations of the adjacent islands and the continent.
Origin.
There is no positive knowledge concerning the origin of the aborigines of America; their own traditions widely vary, and conjecture is unsatisfying.
Recent investigations favor a theory that, if they be not indigenous, they came from two great Asiatic families Shoshones comprise tribes inhabiting the territory around the headwaters of the Columbia and Missouri rivers; the Comanches, extending from
A group of educated Indians. the head-waters of the Brazos to those of the Arkansas; families in Utah and Texas, and several tribes in California.
The Attakapas and Chitemachas, in Texas, h
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Iroquois Confederacy, the (search)
Iroquois Confederacy, the
Was originally composed of five related families or nations of Indians, in the present State of New York.
These were called, respectively, Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas.
Tradition says the confederacy was founded by Hiawatha, the incarnation of wisdom, at about the beginning of the fifteenth century.
He came from his celestial home and dwelt with the Onondagas, where he taught the related tribes the knowledge of good living.
Fierce warrio ion upon the courage of warriors if, at the call of the matrons, they withdrew from the war-path.
These women wielded great influence in the councils, but they modestly delegated the duties of speech-making to some masculine orator.
With these Indians, woman was man's coworker in legislation—a thing unheard of among civilized people.
So much did the Iroquois reverence the inalienable rights of man, that they never made slaves of their fellow-men, not even of captives taken in war. By unity t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Jackson , Andrew 1767 -1845 (search)